Polylinguality and Transcultural PracticesPolylinguality and Transcultural PracticesПолилингвиальность и транскультурные практики2618-897X2618-8988Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)2256110.22363/2618-897X-2019-16-4-622-636Translingual ImaginationТранслингвальное воображениеResearch ArticleNationalism and Monolingualism: the “Language Wars” and the Resurgence of Israeli MultilingualismНационализм и монолингвизм: «языковые войны» и возрождение многоязычия ИзраиляWeiningerMelissaВейнингерМелиссаAnna Smith Fine Lecturer in Jewish Studies and Associate Director of the Program in Jewish Studies at Rice University in Houston, Texasзаместитель директора Программы по иудаике в Университете Райса в Хьюстоне, штат Техас-Rice University in HoustonУниверситет Райса15122019164VOL 16, NO4 (2019)ТОМ 16, №4 (2019)62263626122019Copyright ©; 2019, Weininger M.Copyright ©; 2019, Вейнингер М.2019Weininger M.Вейнингер М.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0https://journals.rudn.ru/polylinguality/article/view/22561With the establishment of a Jewish settlement in Palestine in the early 20th century, and a Hebrew culture with it, furious debates arose among Jewish writers about the future of Jewish literary multilingualism. Until this period, the idea that Jewish monolingualism was a preferred mode of cultural existence or that a writer would have to choose between the two primary languages of European Jewish cultural production was a relatively new one. Polylingualism had been characteristic of Jewish culture and literary production for millennia. But in modernity, Jewish nationalist movements, particularly Zionism, demanded a monolingual Jewish culture united around one language. Nonetheless, polylingual Jewish culture has persisted, and despite the state of Israel’s insistence on Hebrew as the national language, Israeli multilingualism has surged in recent years. This article surveys a number of recent developments in translingual, transcultural, and transnational Israeli literary and cultural formsС созданием еврейского поселения в Палестине в начале XX века среди еврейских писателей возникли яростные споры о будущем еврейского литературного многоязычия. До этого периода идея о том, что еврейский монолингвизм является предпочтительным способом культурного существования или что писателю придется выбирать между двумя основными языками европейского еврейского культурного производства, была относительно новой. Полилингвизм был характерен для еврейской культуры и литературного производства на протяжении тысячелетий. Но в настоящее время еврейские националистические движения, особенно сионизм, требуют, чтобы одноязычная еврейская культура объединилась вокруг одного языка. Тем не менее многоязычная еврейская культура сохранилась, и, несмотря на то, что Израиль настаивает на иврите в качестве национального языка, в последние годы многоязычность Израиля резко возросла. В этой статье рассматривается ряд недавних событий в области языковых, транскультурных и транснациональных литературных и культурных форм Израиля.translingualismnationalismmultilingualismJewish cultureтранслингвизмнационализммногоязычиееврейская культура[Seidman, N. 1997. 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