<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Polylinguality and Transcultural Practices</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Polylinguality and Transcultural Practices</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Полилингвиальность и транскультурные практики</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2618-897X</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2618-8988</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">22560</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2618-897X-2019-16-4-608-621</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Translingual Imagination</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Транслингвальное воображение</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Reading War and Peace as a Translingual Novel</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Читая «Войну и мир» как транслингвальный роман</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Hansen</surname><given-names>Julie</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хансен</surname><given-names>Джулия</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en">Associate Professor of Slavic Languages at Uppsala University in Sweden</bio><bio xml:lang="ru">доцент кафедры славянских языков в Упсальском университете в Швеции</bio><email>-</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Uppsala University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Университет Упсалы</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 16, NO4 (2019)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 16, №4 (2019)</issue-title><fpage>608</fpage><lpage>621</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2019-12-26"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2019, Hansen J.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2019, Хансен Д.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Hansen J.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хансен Д.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/polylinguality/article/view/22560">https://journals.rudn.ru/polylinguality/article/view/22560</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en">This article re-examines Lev Tolstoy’s novel Voina i mir (War and Peace) in light of recent research in the field of translingual literary studies. This Russian novel contains numerous passages, phrases, and words in French. Tolstoy’s extensive use of the French language in a Russian novel puzzled many of his contemporary critics; it has also tended to be less visible in translations into other languages. The article surveys previous research on the multilingual dimension of War and Peace by well-known scholars such as Viktor Vinogradov, Viktor Shklovsky, Boris Uspensky, R. F. Christian, and Gary Saul Morson. Among the explanations offered for the presence of French in the text are realism, characterization, and ostranenie (defamiliarization). Applying Formalist principles and Thomas O. Beebee’s concept of transmesis, the current article suggests a translingual reading of this canonical novel. The analysis focuses on selected passages in which multiple languages are at play, showing how they draw the reader’s attention to language as a medium through depictions of code-switching and multilingual situations; metalinguistic commentary; biscriptuality; and code-mixing on the level of the text.</abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru">В этой статье роман Льва Толстого «Война и мир» пересматривается в свете недавних исследований в области межъязыкового литературоведения. Этот русский роман содержит многочисленные отрывки, фразы и слова на французском языке. Использование Толстым французского языка в русском романе озадачило многих современных ему критиков; этот факт менее заметен при переводе на другие языки. В статье рассматриваются предыдущие исследования многоязычного измерения войны и мира, проведенные такими известными учеными, как В. Виноградов, В. Шкловский, Б. Успенский, Р.Ф. Кристиан и Гари Саул Морсон. Среди объяснений присутствия французского языка в тексте - реализм, характеристика и остранение (дезамиграция). Применяя принципы формализма и концепцию трансмезиса Томаса О. Биби, автор предлагает прочтение этого канонического романа на разных языках. Анализ сфокусирован на отдельных отрывках, в которых задействованы несколько языков, и показывает, как они привлекают внимание читателя к языку как к средству изображения через переключение кода и многоязычных ситуаций; металингвистический комментарий; бискриптивизм; и микширование кода на уровне текста.</trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Tolstoy</kwd><kwd>“War and Peace”</kwd><kwd>translingual</kwd><kwd>multilingual</kwd><kwd>bilingual</kwd><kwd>French</kwd><kwd>transmesis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Толстой</kwd><kwd>«Война и мир»</kwd><kwd>многоязычный</kwd><kwd>двуязычный</kwd><kwd>французский</kwd><kwd>трансмезис</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Morson, Gary Saul. 1987. Hidden in Plain View: Narrative and Creative Potentials in ‘War and Peace’. Stanford: Stanford University Press. Print.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Shklovsky, Viktor. 1928. Mater’ial i stil’ v romane L’va Tolstogo “Voina i mir”. Moskva: Federatsiia. Print.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Beck, Karin. 2009. “The Emperor Has No Voice! How Not to Do Things with Words in War and Peace”. Tolstoy Studies Journal XXI: 1-14. http://ezproxy.its.uu.se/login?url=https://searchproquest-com.ezproxy.its.uu.se/docview/822741849?accountid=14715 P. 1-2.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Christian, R.F. 1962. Tolstoy’s ‘War and Peace’: A Study. Oxford: Clarendon. 1962. Print</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Tolstoï, Léon. 1963. Le Guerre et la Paix. Trans. by Elisabeth Guertik. Vol. 1. Paris: Le Livre de Poche. Print.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Vinogradov, V. 1939. O iazyke Tolstogo: 50-60-e gody. Moskva: Izdatel’stvo AN SSSR. http:// feb-web.ru/feb/litnas/texts/l35/t35-117-.htm?cmd=p</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Tolstoi, Lev. 2018. Voina i mir. Vol. 1-2. Moskva: Izdatel’stvo AST. Print</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Pratt, Marie Louise. 2011. “Comparative Literature and the Global Languagescape”. A Companion to Comparative Literature. Ali Behdad and Dominic Thomas, eds. Hoboken: Blackwell, 2011. 273-295. Print. 274.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Offord, Derek, Gesine Argent, Vladislav Rjéoutski, and Lara Ryazanova-Clarke. 2015. “Introduction.” In French and Russian in Imperial Russia: Language Use among the Russian Elite. Derek Offord, Lara Ryazanova-Clarke, Vladislav Rjéoutski, and Gesine Argent, eds. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. 1-24. Print.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Brian James Baer. 2016. Translation and the Making of Russian Literature. London: Bloomsbury. Print. P. 17.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Christian, R.F. 1967. “The Passage of Time in Anna Karenina”. The Slavonic and East European Review 45.104: 207-210. Print.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Tolstoi, L.N. 1981. “Neskol’ko slov po povodu knigi ‘Voina i mir’”. Sobranie sochinenii. Vol. 7. Moskva: Khudozhestvennaia literature. P. 356-365. https://rvb.ru/tolstoy/01text/vol_7/0030_6. htm</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Tolstoy, Leo. 2007. “A Few Words Apropos of the Book War and Peace”. In War and Peace. Trans. by Richard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky. New York: Knopf. 1217-1224. Print.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Offord, Derek, Vladislav Rjéoutski, and Gesine Argent. 2018. The French Language in Russia: A Social, Political, Cultural, and Literary History. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press. Print.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Tolstoy, Leo. 2007 War and Peace. Trans. by Richard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky. New York: Knopf. Print.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Trost, Pavel. 1995. “K dvojjazyčnosti Vojny a míru”. In Studie a jazycích a literatuře. Praha: Torst. 52-57. Print.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Shklovsky, Viktor. ”Iskusstvo kak priem”. http://www.opojaz.ru/manifests/kakpriem.html</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Shklovsky, Viktor. 2017. “Art as Device”. In Viktor Shklovsky: A Reader. Trans. by Alexandra Berlina. London: Bloomsbury. P. 73-96. Print.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Sommer, Doris. 2004. Bilingual Astethetics: A New Sentimental Education. Durham: Duke University Press. Print.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Uspensky, Boris. 1973. A Poetics of Composition: The Structure of the Artistic Text and Typology of a Compositional Form. Trans. by Valentina Zavarin and Susan Wittig. Berkeley: University of California Press. Print.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Thomas O. 2012. Transmesis: Inside Translation’s Black Box. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Print.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
