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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Polylinguality and Transcultural Practices</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Polylinguality and Transcultural Practices</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Полилингвиальность и транскультурные практики</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2618-897X</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2618-8988</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">21326</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2618-897X-2019-16-2-190-203</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Languages in contact</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Языковые контакты</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Bilingual Education and the Problems of Ethnic and Linguistic Identity in the USSR and Modern Russia</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Двуязычное обучение и проблемы этнической и языковой идентичности в СССР и современной России</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Marusenko</surname><given-names>Mikhail A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марусенко</surname><given-names>Михаил Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor in Philology, Professor, Honorary Worker of Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Head of the Department of Romance Philology, St. Petersburg State University</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор филологических наук, профессор, почетный работник высшего образования РФ, заведующий кафедрой романской филологии СПбГУ</p></bio><email>mamikhail@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">St Petersburg State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 16, NO2 (2019)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 16, №2 (2019)</issue-title><fpage>190</fpage><lpage>203</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2019-06-24"><day>24</day><month>06</month><year>2019</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2019, Marusenko M.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2019, Марусенко М.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Marusenko M.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Марусенко М.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/polylinguality/article/view/21326">https://journals.rudn.ru/polylinguality/article/view/21326</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article discusses the relationship of bilingual education with the problems of ethnic and language identification in the USSR and modern Russia. The concept of protecting the rights of national minorities includes an extensive range of linguistic rights and the right to education in minority languages. This right is protected by many international agreements and documents of international organizations and is considered to be an unconditional conquest of fighters for human rights. However, this ignores cases of inconsistencies in ethnic and linguistic identity, which are increasingly frequent in the modern world, and the right of citizens to free ethnic and linguistic self-determination. Planning in the field of bilingual education and teacher training requires objective information on the real number of people willing to study in minority languages, which can be obtained as a result of language monitoring and censuses.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье рассматривается связь двуязычного обучения с проблемами этнической и языковой идентификации в СССР и современной России. Концепция защиты прав национальных меньшинств включает в себя обширный комплекс языковых прав, включая право на обучение на языках меньшинств. Это право защищается многими международными соглашениями и документами международных организаций и считается безусловным завоеванием борцов за права человека. Однако при этом игнорируются случаи несовпадения этнической и языковой идентичности, все более частые в современном мире, и право граждан на свободное этническое и языковое самоопределение. Планирование в сфере двуязычного обучения и подготовки педагогических кадров требует объективной информации о реальной численности желающих обучаться на языках меньшинств, которая может быть получена в результате языковых мониторингов и переписей.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bilingual education</kwd><kwd>ethnic identification</kwd><kwd>language identification</kwd><kwd>mother tongue</kwd><kwd>indigenous people</kwd><kwd>national minority</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>двуязычное обучение</kwd><kwd>этническая идентификация</kwd><kwd>языковая идентификация</kwd><kwd>родной язык</kwd><kwd>коренной народ</kwd><kwd>национальное меньшинство</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Phillipson, R. 1990. Linguistic Imperialism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Phillipson R. 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