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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Political Science</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Political Science</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Политология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-1438</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-1446</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">9146</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Civil society and state in the age of modernization: political dimension</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Гражданское общество и государство в эпоху модернизации</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gainutdinova</surname><given-names>L A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гайнутдинова</surname><given-names>Людмила Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en">Кафедра международных политических процессов; Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет; Saint Petersburg State University</bio><bio xml:lang="ru">Кафедра международных политических процессов; Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</bio><email>-</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2009-04-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>04</month><year>2009</year></pub-date><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">NO4 (2009)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">№4 (2009)</issue-title><fpage>80</fpage><lpage>90</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2016-09-09"><day>09</day><month>09</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2009, Гайнутдинова Л.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2009</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гайнутдинова Л.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/political-science/article/view/9146">https://journals.rudn.ru/political-science/article/view/9146</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en">Socio-political practice of state, when it represented only interests of elites becomes unacceptable in the age of modernization which requires larger degrees of freedom. The solution of this conflict opens possibilities of participation in political processes for many social groups by means of political inclusion. That processes defined the shape of modern civil society.</abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru">Социально-политическая практика государства, когда оно выражало интересы лишь меньшей части общества, становится неприемлемой в эпоху модернизации, требующей больших степеней свободы. Разрешение этого конфликта открывает возможности участия более широких слоев общества в политических процессах посредством различных способов политического включения (инклюзии). Именно эти процессы и стали определяющими в формировании современного гражданского общества.</trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>civil society</kwd><kwd>political inclusion</kwd><kwd>political modernization</kwd><kwd>state</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гражданское общество</kwd><kwd>политическая инклюзия</kwd><kwd>политическая модернизация</kwd><kwd>государство</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Шмиттер Ф. Неокорпоратизм // Политические исследования. - 1997. - № 2.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Bell D. The Agrarian Movement in Bulgaria, unpublished PhD thesis. - Princeton, 1970.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Hintze O. The Preconditions of Representative Government in the Context of World History // F. Gilbert, ed. 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