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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Political Science</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Political Science</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Политология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-1438</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-1446</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">46518</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-1438-2025-27-3-479-493</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">OKJUIY</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>POLITICS ONLINE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПОЛИТИКА В СЕТИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">‘Not With Us - Against Us’: ‘We’ vs. ‘They’ in the Transformation of Black Lives Matter Participants’ Collective Identities in Online Interactions with All Lives Matter, 2013-2014</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>«Не с нами значит против нас»:  «Мы» vs «Они» в трансформации коллективной идентичности участников движения Black Lives Matter  в онлайн-взаимодействиях с All Lives Matter, 2013-2014 гг.</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6588-6752</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Koncha</surname><given-names>Valeriya</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Конча</surname><given-names>Валерия</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate student, Lecturer at the Department of Politics and Management, Junior Researcher at the International Center for the Study of Institutions and Development</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант, преподаватель Департамента политики и управления, младший научный сотрудник Международного центра изучения институтов и развития</p></bio><email>vkoncha@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">HSE University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-10-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">Digital policies</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Цифровая политика</issue-title><fpage>479</fpage><lpage>493</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-10-18"><day>18</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Koncha V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Конча В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Koncha V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Конча В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/political-science/article/view/46518">https://journals.rudn.ru/political-science/article/view/46518</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>First- and third-person plural pronouns drive the construction and transformation of collective identities in digital protest discourse. Drawing on social identity theory and discourse-analytical approaches, the research analyzes a corpus of 100,000 tweets from July 2013 to December 2014. It examines changes in the use of “we” and “they” by Black Lives Matter (BLM) participants in online discourse before and after the emergence of the counter-protest movement All Lives Matter (ALM). Using trigram-based collocation analysis with Pointwise Mutual Information (PMI) scoring, the study reveals a shift from a diffuse and morally framed in-group identity in 2013 to a more consolidated and movement-specific identity in 2014. Simultaneously, the referents of “they” evolved from state institutions such as the police to include ideological opponents from civil society. These findings support the hypothesis that the emergence of counter-protests altered the discursive boundaries of opposition, resulting in a more polarized and dualistic structure of collective identity. The study contributes to scholarship on protest-counter-protest dynamics by highlighting the linguistic mechanisms through which group identities are formed, contested, and reconfigured in response to ideological confrontation.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Трансформация коллективной идентичности в цифровом протестном дискурсе может фиксироваться с помощью отслеживания употребления местоимений первых и третьих лиц во множественном числе. Основываясь на теории коллективной идентичности и дискурсивном подходе, автор анализирует выборку из 100 000 твитов, опубликованных в период с июля 2013 г. по декабрь 2014 г., чтобы проследить использование местоимений «мы» и «они» до и после появления контрпротестного движения All Lives Matter. С применением триграммного коллокационного анализа и расчёта PMI (информационной взаимной значимости) выявляется переход от разрозненной и морально окрашенной внутригрупповой коллективной идентичности в 2013 г. к более устойчивой и политически оформленной идентичности в 2014 г. Одновременно изменяется и образ «других»: если в 2013 г. он был представлен преимущественно государственными институтами (например, полицией), то в 2014 г. он дополняется идеологическими оппонентами из гражданского общества. Полученные результаты подтверждают гипотезу о том, что появление контрпротестов изменило дискурсивные границы оппозиции, усилив поляризацию и дуализм в структуре коллективной идентичности. Работа вносит вклад в изучение взаимодействия протестов и контрпротестов, выявляя лингвистические механизмы формирования, оспаривания и перестройки групповой идентичности в условиях идеологического противостояния.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>collective identity</kwd><kwd>protest online discourse</kwd><kwd>pronouns</kwd><kwd>Black Lives Matter</kwd><kwd>All Lives Matter</kwd><kwd>counter-protest</kwd><kwd>collocation analysis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>коллективная идентичность</kwd><kwd>протестный онлайн дискурс</kwd><kwd>местоимения</kwd><kwd>Black Lives Matter</kwd><kwd>All Lives Matter</kwd><kwd>контрпротест</kwd><kwd>анализ словосочетаний</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена в рамках Программы фундаментальных исследований НИУ ВШЭ.</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">The article was prepared within the framework of the HSE University Basic Research Program.</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source></award-group></funding-group></article-meta><fn-group/></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Adam-­Troian, J., Bonetto, E., &amp; Arciszewski, T. 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