<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Political Science</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Political Science</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Политология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-1438</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-1446</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">32819</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-1438-2022-24-4-634-650</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REGIONS IN RUSSIAN POLITICS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РЕГИОНЫ В ПРОСТРАНСТВЕ РОССИЙСКОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The Neighbourhood Effect in Russian Regional Policies: Autocorrelation and Cluster Analysis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эффект соседства в региональной политике России: опыт пространственного автокорреляционного и кластерного анализа</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3292-9829</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Okunev</surname><given-names>Igor Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Окунев</surname><given-names>Игорь Юрьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Political Science, Professorial Research Fellow &amp; Director, Center for Spatial Analysis in International Relations, Institute for International Studies</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат политических наук, доцент, ведущий научный сотрудник и директор Центра пространственного анализа международных отношений Института международных исследований</p></bio><email>iokunev@mgimo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6136-5420</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lopatina</surname><given-names>Vasilisa R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лопатина</surname><given-names>Василиса Родионовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Intern Researcher, Center for Spatial Analysis in International Relations, Institute for International Studies</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>стажер-исследователь Центра пространственного анализа международных отношений Института международных исследований</p></bio><email>lopatina-vasilisa@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный институт международных отношений (университет) Министерства иностранных дел Российской Федерации</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-12-07" publication-format="electronic"><day>07</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">Politics in Russian Regions</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Политика в регионах России</issue-title><fpage>634</fpage><lpage>650</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-12-06"><day>06</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Okunev I.Y., Lopatina V.R.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Окунев И.Ю., Лопатина В.Р.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Okunev I.Y., Lopatina V.R.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Окунев И.Ю., Лопатина В.Р.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/political-science/article/view/32819">https://journals.rudn.ru/political-science/article/view/32819</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p style="text-align: justify;">Regional convergence is one of the greatest strategic challenges for the Russian Federation. Socio-economic zoning directly affects the regional policy in Russia, as most administrative and political practices are reproduced within a federal district or an economic region. This study is aimed at identifying steady clusters or, in other words, groups of Russian regions, based on quantitative data on socio-economic development. The study relies on the methods of spatial econometrics. The authors also aim to compare the results of their study to the macro-regions suggested by the Strategy of Regional Development of the Russian Federation and therefore to the current administrative practices. The paper determines 12 clusters continual in space, based on 62 regional development indicators and reflecting the statistical resemblance of the regions within a cluster. The study has not found stable macro-regions of similar values except in Siberia and the Far East. Thus, the authors conclude that addressing the wide range of socio-economic problems based on one standardized grid for dividing the country will likely not lead to success. Therefore, a more asymmetric and multi-level regional policy should be sought. This implies that every ministry responsible for an area of regional development should come up with its own spatial structure of Russia in order to define its targets and the practices required to meet them.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">Проблема выравнивания уровня развития регионов Российской Федерации представляет собой один из наиболее важных вызовов стратегического значения. Социально-экономическое районирование государства напрямую отражается в региональной политике России. Так, большинство административных и политических практик воспроизводится в границах одного федерального округа или экономического района. Задачей настоящего исследования является выделение устойчивых кластеров, иными словами, групп субъектов России на основе количественных данных по социально-экономическим показателям, выполненной методом пространственной эконометрики, а также сравнение полученных результатов с государственной политикой в этой сфере, то есть макрорегионами, выделяемыми в Стратегии пространственного развития РФ, а значит, используемыми в административной практике. В исследовании на основе анализа 62 показателей развития регионов страны и учета уровня их пространственной автокорреляции была проведена кластеризация России на 12 (по числу макрорегионов из Стратегии пространственного развития РФ) пространственно-континуальных кластеров, основанных на статистической близости регионов. За исключением Сибири и Дальнего Востока в полученной кластеризации не наблюдается выделение устойчивых макрорегионов. Таким образом, можно сделать вывод, что решение всего спектра социально-экономических проблем, основанное на одной стандартизированной сетке деления страны, вряд ли приведет к наилучшим результатам. Это наводит на мысль о необходимости разработки более асимметричной, многоуровневой региональной политики, в которой каждое отдельное федеральное ведомство, ответственное за то или иное направление развития регионов, имело бы собственный формат деления страны для разработки целевых показателей и конкретных мер по их достижению.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>political geography</kwd><kwd>regional development strategy</kwd><kwd>regional policy</kwd><kwd>Russian regions</kwd><kwd>spatial analysis</kwd><kwd>spatial econometrics</kwd><kwd>autocorrelation analysis</kwd><kwd>cluster analysis</kwd><kwd>neighbourhood effect</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>политическая география</kwd><kwd>стратегия пространственного развития</kwd><kwd>региональная политика</kwd><kwd>регионы России</kwd><kwd>пространственный анализ</kwd><kwd>пространственная эконометрика</kwd><kwd>автокорреляционный анализ</kwd><kwd>кластерный анализ</kwd><kwd>эффект соседства</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Anselin, L. (1988). Spatial econometrics: Methods and models. Kluwer Academic Publishers. Anselin, L. (1995). Local indicators of spatial association-LISA. Geographical Analysis. 27(2), 93-115. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-4632.1995.tb00338.x</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Anselin, L. (2003). Spatial externalities, spatial multipliers, and spatial econometrics. International Regional Science Review. 26(2), 153-166. https://doi.org/10.1177/0160017602250972</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Anselin, L., &amp; Rey, S. (2010). Perspectives on Spatial Data Analysis. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Artobolevskii, S.S., Baklanov, P.Y. &amp; Treivish, A.I. (2009). Russia’s space and development: A multiscale analysis. Her. Russ. Acad. Sci., 79, 25-34 https://doi.org/10.1134/S1019331609010043</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Balash, O.S. (2012). Statistical research of the spatial clustering of regions of Russia. News of the Tula state university. Economic and legal sciences, 2(1), 56-65. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Brunsdon, C., Fotheringham, A.S., &amp; Charlton, M.E. (1996). Geographically weighted regression: A method for exploring spatial nonstationarity. Geographical Analysis. 28(4), 281-298. https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1538-4632.1996.TB00936.X</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Cressie, N. (1993). Statistics for Spatial Data. New York: John Wiley &amp; Sons.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Demidova, O.A. (2014). Spatial-autoregressive model for two groups of interconnected regions (on the example of eastern and western parts of Russia). Applied econometrics, 34(2), 19-35. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Fischer, M.M. &amp; Getis, A. (2010). Handbook of applied spatial analysis: Software tools, methods and applications. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Fotheringham, A.S., &amp; Rogerson, P.A. (2009). The SAGE handbook of spatial analysis. SAGE Publications Ltd.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Geary, R. (1954). The contiguity ratio and statistical mapping. The Incorporated Statistician, 5(3), 115-145.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Getis, A. &amp; Aldstadt, J. (2004). Constructing the spatial weights matrix using a local statistic.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Geographical Analysis, 36(2), 90-104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-4632.2004.tb01127.x</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Getis, A. &amp; Ord, J.K. (1992). The analysis of spatial association by use of distance statistics. Geographical Analysis. 24(3), 189-206</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Grekousis, G. (2020). Spatial Analysis Methods and Practice. Cambridge University Press.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Kholodilin, K., Oshchepkov, A.Y., &amp; Siliverstovs, B. (2012). The Russian regional convergence process: Where is it leading? Eastern European Economics, 50(3), 5-26. https://doi.org/10.2753/ EEE0012-8775500301</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Klebanova, T.S., Gurjanova, L.S., Trunova, T.N., &amp; Smirnova, A.Y. (2012). The scenary modeling in regional development management. Business Inform, 10, 60-65. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Kolomak, E.A. (2009). Models of the regional policy: Convergence or divergence. Herald of Novosibirsk State University. Socio-Economic Sciences, 9(1), 113-120. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Kolosovskiy, N.N. (2009). On Economic Zoning. Prostranstvennaya Ekonomika = Spatial Economics, 1, 102-123 (In Russian).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Kolosovkiy, N.N. (2006). Selected Works. Smolensk: Oikumena (In Russian)</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Leyzerovich, E.E. (2004). Economic microregions of Russia (Grid and Typology). Moscow: Trilobit (In Russian).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>LeSage, J., &amp; Pace, R.K. (2009). Introduction to spatial econometrics. CRC Press.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>Manakov, A.G. (2014). A new approach to cultural-geographical zoning of Russia. Pskov Journal of Regional Studies, 20, 106-120. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><mixed-citation>Markevich, A., &amp; Mikhailova, T. (2012). Economic geography of Russia. In M. Alexeev &amp; S. Weber (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of the Russian Economy (pp. 617-642). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780199759927.013.0004</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><mixed-citation>Moran, P. (1948). The interpretation of statistical maps. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, 10, 243-251. https://doi.org/10.1111/J.2517-6161.1948.TB00012.X</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><mixed-citation>Morenoff, J.D. (2003). Neighborhood mechanisms and the spatial dynamics of birth weight. American Journal of Sociology. 108(5), 976-1017. https://doi.org/10.1086/374405</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B27"><label>27.</label><mixed-citation>Zubarevich, N.V. (Ed.) (2005). Russia of Regions: What social space do we live in. Moscow: Pomatur. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B28"><label>28.</label><mixed-citation>Shuvalov, V.E. (2015). Regionalization in Russian socio-economic geography: Development directions. Regional Studies, 3, 19-29. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B29"><label>29.</label><mixed-citation>Tatishchev, V.N. (1950). Selected works in geography of Russia. Мoscow: State Publishing House of Geographical Literature. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B30"><label>30.</label><mixed-citation>Vakulenko, E.S. (2015). Analysis of the relationship between regional labour markets in Russia using Okun’s model. Applied Econometrics, 40, 28-48.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
