<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Political Science</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Political Science</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Политология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-1438</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-1446</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">26546</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-1438-2021-23-2-279-286</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SOFT POWER AND PUBLIC DIPLOMACY IN EAST ASIA</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЯГКАЯ СИЛА   И ПУБЛИЧНАЯ ДИПЛОМАТИЯ В ВОСТОЧНОЙ АЗИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The Key Components of South Korea’s Soft Power: Challenges and Trends</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Ключевые компоненты мягкой силы Республики Корея: современные вызовы и тенденции</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7390-4268</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Matosian</surname><given-names>Agapi E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Матосян</surname><given-names>Агапи Элмаровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Master Student of Political Science, Department of Comparative Politics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>магистр политологии кафедры сравнительной политологии</p></bio><email>1032192458@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-05-24" publication-format="electronic"><day>24</day><month>05</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">East Asia at the Crossroads of Cooperation  and Rivalry at the Regional and International Levels</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Восточная Азия на перекрестке сотрудничества  и соперничества на региональном и международном уровнях</issue-title><fpage>279</fpage><lpage>286</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-05-24"><day>24</day><month>05</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Matosian A.E.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Матосян А.Э.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Matosian A.E.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Матосян А.Э.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/political-science/article/view/26546">https://journals.rudn.ru/political-science/article/view/26546</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p style="text-align: justify;">To this day political processes are less and less impacted by military force. States are increasingly resorting to the use of means of latent influence or relying on cultural attraction. Such phenomena have led to the emergence of soft power in international relations. Many countries, including the Republic of Korea, effectively use soft power tools in implementing policies at various levels. This manuscript seeks to analyze the main soft power components and tools of the Republic of Korea in foreign policy. The paper examines the background of the formation and development of soft power strategies. Many factors have predetermined the growing popularity of Korean culture, a phenomenon subsequently called the Korean Wave (Hallyu). This paper identifies the main elements of the Hallyu, including public diplomacy and South Korea’s cultural economy exporting pop culture, entertainment, music, TV dramas, and movies, and examines how these elements complement each other.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">В настоящее время в международных отношениях отмечается тенденция к сокращению влияния и использования военных средств и военной силы. Для достижения своих внешнеполитических целей государства в большей степени опираются на применение средств латентного влияния и отдают предпочтение развитию своей культурной привлекательности на глобальном уровне. Это обусловило появление такого феномена, как мягкая сила в международных отношениях. Многие страны, включая Республику Корея, эффективно распоряжаются инструментами мягкой силы при разработке своих стратегий и проведении политики на различных уровнях. В статье предпринята попытка проанализировать основные компоненты и инструменты мягкой силы во внешнеполитическом дискурсе Республики Корея. Особое внимание уделяется рассмотрению предпосылок формирования и разработкам стратегий в рамках концепции корейской мягкой силы. Кроме того, исследуются различные факторы, которые предопределили рост популярности корейской культуры, впоследствии получившей название «Корейская волна» (Халлю). Определены основные элементы Халлю, включая публичную дипломатию и культурную экономику Южной Кореи, экспортирующую поп-культуру, развлечения, музыку, телесериалы и фильмы, а также анализируется взаимосвязь и взаимодополняемость данных элементов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Republic of Korea</kwd><kwd>soft power</kwd><kwd>middle power</kwd><kwd>Hallyu</kwd><kwd>Korean Wave</kwd><kwd>public diplomacy</kwd><kwd>culture</kwd><kwd>identity</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Республика Корея</kwd><kwd>мягкая сила</kwd><kwd>средняя держава</kwd><kwd>Халлю</kwd><kwd>Корейская волна</kwd><kwd>публичная дипломатия</kwd><kwd>культура</kwd><kwd>идентичность</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">The reported study was funded by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) grant No. 20-511-05025 «The development of civic identity in the post-Soviet space: trends, challenges, risks (on the example of Russia and Armenia)».</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках научного проекта № 20-511-05025 «Развитие гражданской идентичности на постсоветском пространстве: тенденции, вызовы, риски (на примере России и Армении)».</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Cho, Y. (2012). Public diplomacy and South Korea’s strategies. The Korean Journal of International Studies, 10(2), 283-285.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Choi, K.-J. (2019). The Republic of Korea’s public diplomacy strategy: History and current status. In CPD Perspectives (pp. 6-13). Los Angeles: Figueroa Press.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Huang, X. (2009). Korean wave, the popular culture, comes as both cultural and economic imperialism in the East Asia. Asian Social Science, 5(8), 125-127.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Jang, G., &amp; Paik, W.K. (2012) Korean wave as tool for Korea’s new cultural diplomacy. Applied Sociology, 2(3), 196-202.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Kang, H. (2015). Contemporary cultural diplomacy in South Korea: Explicit and implicit approaches. International Journal of Cultural Policy, 21(4), 433-447.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Kim, H.J. (2018). Multi-Stakeholders in public and cultural diplomacies as seen through the lens of public-private partnerships: A comparative case study of Germany and South Korea. Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia, 17(1), 68-93. DOI: 10.17477/JCEA.2018.17.1.068</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Kim, W. (2015). Rising China, pivotal Middle Power South Korea, and alliance transition theory. International Area Studies Review, 18(3), 251-265. DOI: 10.1177/2233865915595531</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Kwon, K. (2004). Regionalism in South Korea: Its origins and role in her democratization. Politics Society 32(4), 545-574.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Lee, G. (2009). A theory of soft power and Korea’s soft power strategy. Korean Journal of Defense Analysis, 21(2), 205-218. DOI: 10.1080/10163270902913962</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Lee, S.J. (2016). South Korea aiming to be an innovative Middle Power. In S.J. Lee (Ed.), Transforming Global Governance with Middle Power Diplomacy (pp. 1-15). New York: Palgrave Macmillan</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Nye, J. (1990). Bound to lead: The changing nature of American power. New York: Basic Books.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Shin, S.O. (2016). South Korea’s elusive Middlepowermanship: Regional or global player? Pacific Review, 29(2), 187-209.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Sohn, Y. (2011). Attracting neighbors: Soft power competition in East Asia. The Korean Journal of Policy Studies, 26(1), 90-95.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Pershina, M.P. (2017). “Soft power” in the foreign policy of the Republic of Korea and the PRC. Ethnic society and interethnic culture, 2(104), 109-118.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
