<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Philosophy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Philosophy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Cерия: Философия</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-2302</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2408-8900</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">46200</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-2302-2025-29-3-819-831</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">DHHAVI</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЯ ФИЛОСОФИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The Evolution of the Muslim Reformation Movement of the XX-XXI Centuries</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эволюция мусульманского реформационного движения ХХ-ХХI вв.</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6176-5718</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4802-4342</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepanyants</surname><given-names>Marietta T.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степанянц</surname><given-names>Мариэтта Тиграновна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc in Philosophy, Professor, Chief Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор философских наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>marietta_35@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт философии РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-09-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">PHILOSOPHY IN LATIN AMERICA</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ФИЛОСОФИЯ В ЛАТИНСКОЙ АМЕРИКЕ</issue-title><fpage>819</fpage><lpage>831</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-09-30"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Stepanyants M.T.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Степанянц М.Т.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Stepanyants M.T.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Степанянц М.Т.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/philosophy/article/view/46200">https://journals.rudn.ru/philosophy/article/view/46200</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Russian research in the 1960s and 1980s focused on four main areas of public consciousness in Muslim countries: orthodoxy, modernism, reformism, and Renaissance. These trends were distinguished by their terminological diversity and ideological heterogeneity, which made it difficult to adequately understand Islamic ideological processes. Orthodoxy denies social progress based on its belief in the perfection of Islam as the last divine prophecy that does not need to be renewed. Paradoxically, modernists share the thesis of the incompatibility of Islam and progress, on the contrary, they call for the adoption of Western values for social prosperity. Reformers strive for changes within the framework of spiritual traditions, whereas revivalism is extremely ambiguous and can be reactionary or progressive. By the beginning of the 21st century, the reformation movement in Islam was practically divided into two main trends. The archaic version of the trend proceeds from a predominantly formalistic understanding of religion, according to which a return to authentic Islam is identified with a literal return to the historical form of Islamic practice in the first centuries of the Hijrah. The renovation option aims to preserve not the form, but the content adapted to the new conditions. The article focuses on the views of the Egyptian philosopher Nasr Hamid Abu Zayed and the Russian theologian Damir Mukhetdinov. Both are developing the concept of a “renewal theology” aimed at rethinking traditions, taking into account modern realities and a variety of approaches, including exegesis, philosophy and social sciences. The success of this concept depends on the deconstruction of the legalistic (narrow-legal) paradigm and the transition to the ethical-mystical paradigm (“theology of renewal” in the proper sense of the word).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В отечественных исследованиях 1960-1980-х гг. в центре внимания находились четыре основных направления общественного сознания в мусульманских странах: ортодоксия, модернизм, реформаторство и возрожденчество. Эти течения отличались терминологическим разночтением и идейной неоднородностью, затрудняющим адекватное понимание исламских-идеологических процессов. Ортодоксия отрицает социальный прогресс, исходя из убежденности в совершенство ислама как последнего божественного пророчества, не нуждающегося в обновлении. Парадоксальным образом модернисты разделяют тезис о несовместимости ислама и прогресса, наоборот, призывают к принятию западных ценностей для общественного процветания. Реформаторы стремятся к изменениям в рамках духовных традиций, тогда как возрожденчество крайне неоднозначно и может быть реакционным или прогрессивным. К началу XXI в. реформационное движение в исламе практически разделилось на два основных течения. Архаизирующий вариант направления исходит из преимущественно формалистичного понимания религии, в соответствии с которым возвращение к подлинному исламу отождествляется с буквальным возвратом к исторической форме исламской практики первых веков хиджры. Обновленческий же вариант нацелен сохранить не форму, а содержание, адаптированное к новым условиям. В статье главное внимание уделено рассмотрению взглядов египетского философа Наср Хамида Абу Зайда и отечественного теолога Дамира Мухетдинова. Оба разрабатывают концепцию «теологии обновления», направленную на переосмысление традиций с учетом современных реалий и множественности подходов, включая экзегетику, философию и социальные науки. Успех этой концепции зависит от деконструкции легалистской (узко-правовой) парадигмы и переходу к этико-мистической парадигме («теологии обновления» в собственном смысле слова).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Islam</kwd><kwd>theology</kwd><kwd>reformation</kwd><kwd>evolution</kwd><kwd>renewal</kwd><kwd>neo-modernism</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ислам</kwd><kwd>теология</kwd><kwd>реформаторство</kwd><kwd>эволюция</kwd><kwd>обновление</kwd><kwd>неомодернизм</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta><fn-group/></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gordon-Polonskaya LR. Muslim Trends in the Social Thought of India and Pakistan. Moscow: Nauka publ.; 1962. (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гордон-Полонская Л.Р. Мусульманские течения в общественной мысли Индии и Пакистана. М. : Наука, 1962.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Belenky AB. The National Awakening of Indonesia. Moscow: Nauka publ.; 1965. (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Беленький А.Б. Национальное пробуждение Индонезии. М. : Наука, 1965.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stepanyants MT. Philosophy and Sociology in Pakistan. Moscow: Nauka publ.; 1967. (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Степанянц М.Т. Философия и социология в Пакистане. М. : Наука. 1967.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Levin ZI. The Development of the Main Trends of Social and Political Thought in Syria and Egypt. Moscow: Nauka publ.; 1972. (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Левин З.И. Развитие основных течений общественно-политической мысли в Сирии и Египте. М. : Наука, 1972;</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ionova AI. “Muslim Nationalism” in Modern Indonesia. Moscow: Nauka publ.; 1972. (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ионова А.И. «Мусульманский национализм» в современной Индонезии. М. : Наука, 1972.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stepanyants MT. Muslim Concepts in Philosophy and Politics (19th–20th Centuries). Moscow: Nauka publ.; 1982. (In Russian). EDN: SZFYPR</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Степанянц М.Т. Мусульманские концепции в философии и политике (XIX-XX вв.) М. : Наука, 1982. EDN: SZFYPR</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maudoodi AA. Towards Understanding Islam. Delhi: Idara Tarjuman ul Quran; 1961.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maudoodi A.A. Towards Understanding Islam. Delhi : Idara Tarjuman ul Quran, 1961.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Iqbal M. The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam. Lahore; 1962 Available from: https://www.thesufi.com/The_Reconstruction_of%20Religious_%20thought_ in%20Islam_by_%20Allama%20_Iqbal.pdf (accessed: 10.10.2025).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Iqbal M. The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam. Lahore, 1962. Режим доступа: https://www.thesufi.com/The_Reconstruction_of%20Religious_%20thought_ in%20Islam_by_%20Allama%20_Iqbal.pdf (дата обращения: 10.10.2025).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karunakaran KP. Religion and Political Awakening in India. Meerut: Meenakshi Prakashan; 1965.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Karunakaran K.P. Religion and Political Awakening in India. Meerut : Meenakshi Prakashan, 1965.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Parvez GA. Letters to Selim. Vol. 1. Karachi; 1953.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Парвез Г.А. Селим ке нам. T. 1. Карачи, 1953.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mukhetdinov DV. Preface. In: Zayd NHA. The Reformation of Islamic Thought: A Historical and Critical Analysis. Moscow: Medina publ.; 2024. (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мухетдинов Д.В. Предисловие // Зайд Н.Х.А. Реформация исламской мысли: историко-критический анализ / под общ. ред. Д.В. Мухетдинова. М. : Медина, 2024.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zayd NA. Reformation of Islamic thought: a critical historical analysis. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press; 2006.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zayd N.A. Reformation of Islamic thought: a critical historical analysis. Amsterdam : Amsterdam University Press, 2006.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mukhetdinov D. Theology of Renewal. Islamic Neomodernism and the Problem of Tradition. Moscow: Medina publ.; 2023. (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мухетдинов Д. Теология обновления. Исламский неомодернизм и проблема традиции. М. : Медина, 2023.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zayd NHA. Rethinking the Qur’an: Towards a Humanistic Hermeneutics. Utrecht: Humanistics University Press; 2004.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zayd N.H.A. Rethinking the Qur’an: Towards a Humanistic Hermeneutics. Utrecht : Humanistics University Press, 2004.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zaid NA, Nelson ER. Voice of an Exile: Reflections on Islam. New York: Praeger Publishers; 2004. https://doi.org/10.5040/9798216032731</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zaid N.A., Nelson E.R. Voice of an Exile: Reflections on Islam. New York : Praeger Publishers, 2004. https://doi.org/10.5040/9798216032731</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zayd NHA. The Reformation of Islamic Thought: A Historical and Critical Analysis. Moscow: Medina publ.; 2024. (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зайд Н.Х.А. Реформация исламской мысли: историко-критический анализ / под общ. ред. Д.В. Мухетдинова. М. : Медина, 2024.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jaspers К. Die philosophische Autobiographie. In: K. Jaspers. Shilpp PA, hrsg. New York; Zurich; 1957.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jaspers К. Die philosophische Autobiographie // K. Jaspers / transl. by P.A. New York; Zurich, 1957.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuznetsov VA. Problems of Political Development in the Arab World in the 2010s and 2020s: dissertation for the degree of doctor of political sciences: Мoscow; 2024. (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кузнецов В.А. Проблемы политического развития Арабского мира в 2010-2020-е годы: дисс. … д-ра полит. наук: 5.5.2. М., 2024.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list></back></article>
