<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Philosophy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Philosophy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Cерия: Философия</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-2302</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2408-8900</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">37137</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-2302-2023-27-4-835-847</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">OTSTIN</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHILOSOPHY OF CONSCIOUSNESS AND NEUROSCIENCE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЛОСОФИЯ СОЗНАНИЯ И НЕЙРОНАУКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Philosophy and Neurosciences: Perspectives for Interaction</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Философия и нейронауки: перспективы взаимодействия</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7570-3382</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chaly</surname><given-names>Vadim A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чалый</surname><given-names>Вадим Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Professor, Faculty of Philosophy, Lomonosov Moscow State University; Senior Research Fellow, Academia Kantiana, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор философских наук, профессор философского факультета Московского государственного университета имени М.В. Ломоносова; старший научный сотрудник Академии Кантиана Балтийского федерального университета</p></bio><email>vadim.chaly@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Балтийский федеральный университет имени И. Канта</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">PHILOSOPHY OF CONSCIOUSNESS AND NEUROSCIENCE</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ФИЛОСОФИЯ СОЗНАНИЯ И НЕЙРОНАУКИ</issue-title><fpage>835</fpage><lpage>847</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-12-20"><day>20</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Chaly V.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Чалый В.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chaly V.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чалый В.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/philosophy/article/view/37137">https://journals.rudn.ru/philosophy/article/view/37137</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p style="text-align: justify;">The study analyzes modern reductivist and antireductivist approaches to understanding the interaction between philosophy and neuroscience. It analyzes the content and grounds for using the concepts of neuroscience and neurosciences, philosophy of neuroscience, and neurophilosophy. The milestones in the development of neuroreductivism, from Patricia Churchland’s arguments in support of intertheoretic reduction through Francis Crick’s eliminativism to John Bickle’s ruthless reductionism, are described. The ontological, methodological, and epistemic grounds for the reduction to neurosciences of other ways of representing mind and body are analyzed. Drawing on the post-Wittgensteinian paradigm of the philosophy of neuroscience of Max Bennett, Peter Hacker, and Andrew Reynolds, the semantic problems that arise in the neurosciences when epistemic reduction is attempted are described and derive from the inability to eliminate the basic metaphorical level of meaning-making and transmission rooted in everyday language and its figures, among which metaphors are fundamental. The descriptivist approach to the language of neurosciences is contrasted with neurorevisionism, an attempt to “correct” established ways of conceptualizing consciousness and corporeality, akin to earlier revisionisms, particularly physicalism, and forced to deal with similar problems. Reduction - the operation of the “return,” itself understood metaphorically - and antireduction, which resists scientific revisionism and “returns” understanding to the level of everyday language and philosophy to descriptive work, is presented as a circular hermeneutical movement necessary for scientific and philosophical understanding, but not leading to disciplinary hegemony or the “victory” of either side. The study concludes with a sketch of the publications included in the rubric.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">Проанализированы современные редуктивистские и антиредуктивистские подходы к пониманию взаимодействия философии и нейронаук, подвергнуты анализу содержание и основания для употребления понятий «нейронаука» и «нейронауки», «философия нейронаук» и «нейрофилософия». Описаны вехи развития нейроредуктивизма от аргументов Патриции Чёрчленд в поддержку «интертеоретической редукции» через элиминативизм Фрэнсиса Крика к «беспощадному редукционизму» Джона Бикла. Проанализированы онтологические, методологические и эпистемические основания для редукции к нейронаукам иных способов представления сознания и тела. С опорой на поствитгенштейнианскую парадигму философии нейронаук Макса Беннета, Питера Хакера и Эндрю Рейнольдса описаны семантические проблемы, возникающие в нейронауках при попытке эпистемической редукции и происходящие от невозможности устранить базовый метафорический уровень смыслообразования и передачи, коренящийся в обыденном языке и его фигурах, среди которых особенно важны метафоры. Дескриптивистский подход к языку нейронаук противопоставлен «нейроревизионизму» - попытке «исправить» сложившиеся способы осмысления сознательности и телесности, родственной более ранним ревизионизмам, в частности физикализму, и вынужденной иметь дело с аналогичными проблемами. Редукция - операция «возвращения», сама понимаемая метафорически, - и антиредукция, сопротивляющаяся научному ревизионизму и «возвращающая» понимание к уровню обыденного языка, а философию к дескриптивной работе, представлены как круговое герменевтическое движение, необходимое для научного и философского понимания, но не ведущее к дисциплинарной гегемонии или «победе» одной из сторон. В заключении статья содержит очерк публикаций, вошедших в рубрику.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>neuroscience</kwd><kwd>reductionism and antireductionism</kwd><kwd>metaphors</kwd><kwd>revisionist philosophy</kwd><kwd>descriptive philosophy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нейронауки</kwd><kwd>редукционизм и антиредукционизм</kwd><kwd>метафоры</kwd><kwd>ревизующая и дескриптивная философия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This research was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (grant № 22-28-02041 “Perspectivism as an Epistemological Program”).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при  поддержке Российского научного фонда, проект № 22-28-02041 («Перспективизм как эпистемологическая программа»).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Bickle J, Landreth A, Mandik P. The Philosophy of Neuroscience. In: Zalta EN, editor. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University; 2019. Available from: https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2019/entries/neuroscience/ (accessed: 14.02.2020).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Finger S. An Ancient Egyptian Physician: The Dawn of Neurology. In: Finger S, editor. Minds Behind the Brain: A history of the pioneers and their discoveries. Oxford University Press; 2005. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195181821.003.0002 (accessed: 05.10.2023).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Bennett MR, Hacker PMS. Philosophical Foundations of Neuroscience. John Wiley &amp; Sons; 2021.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Pecere P. Soul, Mind and Brain from Descartes to Cognitive Science: A Critical History. Springer Nature; 2020.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Brigandt I, Love A. Reductionism in Biology. In: Zalta EN, Nodelman U, editors. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University; 2023. Available from: https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2023/entries/reduction-biology/ (accessed: 05.10.2023).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Churchland PS. Neurophilosophy: Toward a Unified Science of the Mind-brain. MIT Press; 1986.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Chemero A, Heyser CJ. Methodology and Reduction in the Behavioral Neurosciences: Object Exploration as a Case Study. In: Bickle J, editor. The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy and Neuroscience. Oxford University Press; 2009. P. 68-90. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195304787.003.0004 (accessed: 05.10.2023).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Parker D. Neurobiological reduction: From cellular explanations of behavior to interventions. Front Psychol. Available from: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.987101 (accessed: 05.10.2023).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Sachse C. Reductionism in the Philosophy of Science. In: Reductionism in the Philosophy of Science. De Gruyte. Available from: https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9783110323320/html (accessed: 05.10.2023).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Wimsatt WC. Reductionism and its heuristics: Making methodological reductionism honest. Synthese. 2006;151(3):445-475.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Wimsatt WC. Re-Engineering Philosophy for Limited Beings: Piecewise Approximations to Reality. Harvard University Press; 2007.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Crick F. The Astonishing Hypothesis: The Scientific Search for the Soul. Simon and Schuster; 1994.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Bickle J. Philosophy and Neuroscience: A Ruthlessly Reductive Account. Springer Netherlands; 2003.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Kandel ER, Koester JD, Mack SH, Siegelbaum SA. Principles of Neural Science, Sixth Edition. McGraw Hill Professional; 2021.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Wimsatt WC. The Ontology of Complex Systems: Levels of Organization, Perspectives, and Causal Thickets. In: Canadian Journal of Philosophy, Supplementary Volume. 1994;(20):207-274.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Blumenberg H. Paradigms for a Metaphorology. Cornell University Press; 2011.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Kuhn TS. Metaphor in science. In: Ortony A, editor. Metaphor and Thought. 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press; 1993. Available from: https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/metaphor-and-thought/metaphor-in-science/291E8A7ADF9A427260C5C6C865 3A1F1F (accessed: 11.09.2023).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Reynolds AS. The Third Lens: Metaphor and the Creation of Modern Cell Biology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press; 2018.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Reynolds AS. Understanding Metaphors in the Life Sciences. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2022.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mikeshina LA. Reductionism as a Problem of Philosophy of Science and Epistemology. Epistemology and Philosophy of Science. 2013;37(3):5-13. (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Микешина Л.А. Редукционизм как проблема философии науки и эпистемологии // Эпистемология и философия науки. 2013. Т. 37. № 3. С. 5-13.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list></back></article>
