<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Philosophy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Philosophy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Cерия: Философия</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-2302</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2408-8900</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">27511</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-2302-2021-25-3-436-456</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HERMANN COHEN'S PHILOSOPHY AND THE FATE OF CRITICAL IDEALISM</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЛОСОФИЯ ГЕРМАНА КОГЕНА И СУДЬБА КРИТИЧЕСКОГО ИДЕАЛИЗМА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Bakhtin and Cohen: The First Stages in Building the Philosophical System</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Бахтин и Коген: шаги к философской системе</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dvorkin</surname><given-names>Ilya</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дворкин</surname><given-names>Илья</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Director of the Educational Programs at International Center for University Teaching of Jewish Civilization</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>руководитель образовательных программ Международного центра университетского преподавания еврейской цивилизации</p></bio><email>idvorkin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Hebrew University of Jerusalem</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Еврейский университет в Иерусалиме</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-09-29" publication-format="electronic"><day>29</day><month>09</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">HERMANN COHEN'S PHILOSOPHY AND THE FATE OF CRITICAL IDEALISM</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ФИЛОСОФИЯ ГЕРМАНА КОГЕНА И СУДЬБА КРИТИЧЕСКОГО ИДЕАЛИЗМА</issue-title><fpage>436</fpage><lpage>456</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-09-29"><day>29</day><month>09</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Dvorkin I.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Дворкин И.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dvorkin I.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дворкин И.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/philosophy/article/view/27511">https://journals.rudn.ru/philosophy/article/view/27511</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p style="text-align: justify;">Abstact. Although it is generally known that M.M. Bakhtin viewed himself as primarily a philosopher and not a philologist, the overwhelming majority of studies of his work belong to literary criticism. The purpose of this article, relying on the oral testimony of Bakhtin himself and his philosophical texts written in the Nevel-Vitebsk period (1919-1924), is to restore the origin of his philosophical sources and the content of his philosophical ideas of this period. The main idea is the concept of moral philosophy as a philosophical system, whose main subject is participative thinking and an answerable act as an event of being. One of the most important sources of these ideas was probably the philosophy of Neo-Kantianism represented by the teachings of H. Cohen. The article provides four examples of Bakhtin's continuity in relation to the Marburg philosopher - the idea of an answerable act concerning another person as the source of a human's self-consciousness and personal integrity, the idea of a correlative relationship between a person and his neighbor as an expression of a caring participatory being, the idea of distinguishing a moral attitude from an ethical-legal one and the idea of the philosophical system, whose subject is the process of interpersonal relations. In this case, the system consists not only in the integrity of the object but also in its openness. Revealing the continuity of Bakhtin's philosophical ideas regarding Cohen leads to a better understanding of these ideas and Bakhtin's originality of their development. It is also fruitful to compare the perception of Cohen's ideas by Bakhtin and their reception by another philosopher of dialogue, F. Rosenzweig.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">Хотя общеизвестно, что М.М. Бахтин считал себя в первую очередь философом, а не филологом, подавляющее большинство исследований его творчества носят литературоведческий характер. Задача настоящей статьи, опираясь на устные свидетельства самого Бахтина и на его философские тексты, написанные им в невельско-витебский период (1919-1924) восстановить характер его философских источников и содержание его философских идей этого времени. В качестве такой центральной идеи рассматривается концепция нравственной философии как философской системы, главным предметом которой является участное мышление и ответственный поступок как событие бытия. Одним из важнейших источников этих идей, вероятно, являлась философия неокантианства в лице учения Г. Когена. В статье приводится четыре примера преемственности Бахтина по отношению к марбургскому философу - идея ответственного поступка по отношению к другому человеку как истока собственного самосознания человека и целостности личности, идея коррелятивного отношения между человеком и его ближним как выражение небезразличного участного бытия, идея отличия нравственного отношения от этико-правового и идея философской системы, предметом которой является процесс межличностных отношений. При этом система состоит не только в целостности предмета, но и в его открытости. Выявление преемственности философских идей Бахтина по отношению к Когену позволяет значительно лучше понять сами эти идеи и оригинальность их разработки Бахтиным. Плодотворным оказывается также сравнение восприятия идей Когена у Бахтина и их рецепции у другого философа диалога Ф. Розенцвейга.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Bakhtin</kwd><kwd>Cohen</kwd><kwd>Rosenzweig</kwd><kwd>participative thinking</kwd><kwd>act</kwd><kwd>answerability</kwd><kwd>correlation</kwd><kwd>event of Being</kwd><kwd>system</kwd><kwd>morality</kwd><kwd>ethics</kwd><kwd>philosophy of dialogue</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Бахтин</kwd><kwd>Коген</kwd><kwd>Розенцвейг</kwd><kwd>участное мышление</kwd><kwd>поступок</kwd><kwd>ответственность</kwd><kwd>корреляция</kwd><kwd>событие бытия</kwd><kwd>система</kwd><kwd>нравственность</kwd><kwd>этика</kwd><kwd>философия диалога</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bocharov SG. Plots of Russian literature. Moscow: Yazyki russkoj kul'tury; 1999. (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бочаров С.Г. Сюжеты русской литературы. М. : Языки русской культуры, 1999.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bakhtin MM, Duvakin VD. Conversations of V. Duvakin with M. Bakhtin. Moscow: Progress; 1996. (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бахтин М.М., Дувакин В.Д. Беседы В.Д. Дувакина с М.М. Бахтиным / вступ. ст. С.Г. Бочарова и В.В. Радзишевского ; закл. ст. В.В. Кожинова. М. : Прогресс, 1996.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bakhtin MM. Collected Works. Vol. 1. Moscow: Yazyki slavyanskikh kultur; 2003. (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бахтин М.М. Собр. соч. М. : Языки славянских культур, 2003. Т. 1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bakhtin MM. Art and answerability: Early Philosophical Essays. Holquist M, Liapunov V, editors. Texas: University of Texas Press; 1990.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bakhtin M.M. Art and answerability: early philosophical; edited by Michael Holquist and Vadim Liapunov; translated and notes by Vadim Liapunov; supplement translated by Kenneth Brostrom. Texas : University of Texas Press, 1990.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bakhtin MM. Toward a philosophy of the Act. Holquist M, Liapunov V, editors. Texas: University of Texas Press; 1999.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bakhtin M.M. Toward a philosophy of the Act. Translated and notes by Vadim Liapunov; edited by Vadim Liapunov and Michael Holquist. Texas : University of Texas Press, 1999.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Epelboin A. Conversation with Bakhtin on January 25, 1971. Judaica Petropolitana. 2021;(13). (In print). (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Epelboin A. Разговор с Бахтиным 25 января 1971 г. // Judaica Petropolitana. 2021. № 13. (В печати).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kagan YuM. People not of our time. In: M. M. Bakhtin: pro et contra. Vol. I. St Petersburg: RHGA Publ.; 2001. P. 85-97. (In Russian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Каган Ю.М. Люди не нашего времени // М.М. Бахтин: pro et contra. СПб. : РХГИ, 2001. Т. I. С. 85—97.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nikolaev NI. M. M. Bakhtin in Nevel in the summer of 1919. In: Nevelskij sbornik. [Nevel's Collection]. St. Petersburg: Acropolis. 1996;(1):96-101. (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Николаев Н.И. М.М. Бахтин в Невеле летом 1919 г. // Невельский сборник. СПб. : Акрополь, 1996. Вып. 1. С. 96—101.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bibler VS. Mikhail Mikhailovich Bakhtin or Poetics of Culture. Moscow: Progress, Gnosis; 1991. (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Библер В.С. Михаил Михайлович Бахтин или Поэтика культуры. М. : Прогресс, Гнозис, 1991.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Makhlin VL. "Systematic concept" (Notes on the history of the Nevel school). Nevelskij sbornik. [Nevel's Collection]. 1996(1):75-88. (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Махлин В.Л. «Систематическое понятие» (Заметки к истории Невельской школы) // Невельский сборник. Вып. 1. СПб. : Акрополь, 1996. С. 75—88.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dvorkin I. The Place of Hermann Cohen's Ideas in the Philosophy of Dialogue. Kantian Journal. 2020;39(4):62-94.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дворкин И.С. Место идей Германа Когена в философии диалога // Кантовский сборник. 2020. Т. 39, № 4. С. 62—94.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cohen H. Ethik des reinen Willens. Berlin: Cassirer; 1904.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cohen H. Ethik des reinen Willens. Berlin : Cassirer, 1904.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cohen H. Religion of Reason out of the Sources of Judaism. Kaplan S, translator. New York: F. Ungar; 1972.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cohen H. Religion of Reason out of the Sources of Judaism. Translated, with an introduction, by S. Kaplan. New York : F. Ungar. 1972.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Poma A. Yearning for form and other essays on Hermann Cohen s thought. Dordrecht: Springer; 2006.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Poma A. Yearning for form and other essays on Hermann Cohen s thought. Dordrecht : Springer, 2006.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cassirer E. Substance and function, and Einstein's theory of relativity. Chicago, London: The Open Court Publishing Company; 1923.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cassirer E. Substance and function, and Einstein's theory of relativity. Chicago, London : The Open Court Publishing Company, 1923.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cohen H. Logik der reinen Erkenntnis. Berlin: Cassirer; 1902.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cohen H. Logik der reinen Erkenntnis. Berlin : Cassirer, 1902.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rosenzweig, F. The Star of Redemption. Galli BE, translator. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press; 2005.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rosenzweig F. The Star of Redemption. Translated by B. E. Galli. Madison, WI : University of Wisconsin Press, 2005.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kant I. Critique of Pure Reason. Guyer P, Wood AW, translators and editors. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1998.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kant I. Critique of Pure Reason. Translated and edited by P. Guyer and A. W. Wood. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1998.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kant I. Critique of Practical Reason. Gregor M, Reath A, translators and editors. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kant I. Critique of Practical Reason. Translated and edited by M. Gregor and A. Reath. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. 2015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Clark K. and Holquist M. Mikhail Bakhtin. Cambridge: Harvard University Press; 1984.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Clark K., Holquist M. Mikhail Bakhtin. Cambridge : Harvard University Press, 1984.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Belov VN. Perception of M.M. Bakhtin in the West: some general remarks. RUDN Journal of Philosophy. 2017;21(1):93-97. (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белов В. Н. Восприятие М. М. Бахтина на Западе: несколько общих замечаний // Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия «Философия». 2017. Т. 21. № 1. С. 93—97.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nikolaev NI. Lectures and speeches of M. M. Bakhtin 1924-1925. in the notes of L.V. Pumpyatnsky. In: M.M. Bakhtin as a Philosopher. Moscow: Nauka; 1992. P. 221-252. (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Николаев Н. И. Лекции и выступления М.М. Бахтина 1924—1925 гг. в записях Л.В. Пумпянского // М.М. Бахтин как философ. М. : Наука, 1992. С. 221—252.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bonetskaya NK. Bakhtin through the eyes of a metaphysician. Moscow; St. Petersburg: Center for Humanitarian Initiatives; 2016. (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бонецкая Н. К. Бахтин глазами метафизика. М., СПб. : Центр гуманитарных инициатив, 2016.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kozhinov VV. The great creator of Russian culture of the XX century. In: The fate of Russia: yesterday, today, tomorrow. Moscow: Voenizdat; 1997. (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кожинов В.В. Великий творец русской культуры XX века // Судьба России: вчера, сегодня, завтра. М. : Воениздат, 1997.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Makhlin VL. I and the Other: Towards the History of the Dialogical Principle in the Philosophy of the Twentieth Century. Moscow: Labirint; 1997. (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Махлин В.Л. Я и Другой: К истории диалогического принципа в философии XX века. М.: Лабиринт, 1997.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cohen H. Ästhetik des reinen Gefühls. In 2 Bdn. Berlin: Cassirer; 1912.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cohen H. Ästhetik des reinen Gefühls: in 2 Bdn. Berlin: Cassirer, 1912.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B27"><label>27.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pollock B. Franz Rosenzweig and the Systematic Task of Philosophy. New York, Cambridge University Press; 2009.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pollock B. Franz Rosenzweig and the Systematic Task of Philosophy. New York, Cambridge University Press, 2009.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B28"><label>28.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rosenzweig F. Der Mensch und sein Werk. Gesammelte Schriften. Bd. III. Zweistromland. Kleinere Schrift en zu Glauben und Denken. Mayer R, Mayer A, editors. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff; 1984.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rosenzweig F. Der Mensch und sein Werk. Gesammelte Schriften. III. Zweistromland. Kleinere Schrift en zu Glauben und Denken. Edited by Reinhold and Annemarie Mayer. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff, 1984.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B29"><label>29.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rosenzweig F. Der Mensch und sein Werk. Gesammelte Schriften. Bd. I. Briefe und Tagebücher. 1900-1918. Rosenzweig R, Rosenzweig-Scheinmann E, Casper B, editors. Hague: Martinus Nijhoff; 1979.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rosenzweig F. Der Mensch und sein Werk. Gesammelte Schriften. I. Briefe und Tagebücher. 1 Band 1900—1918. Edited by Rachel Rosenzweig and Edith Rosenzweig-Scheinmann with the cooperation of Bernhard Casper. Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1979.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B30"><label>30.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gibbs R. Jurisprudence is the Organon of Ethics: Kant and Cohen on Ethics, Law, and Religion. In: Hermann Cohen`s Critical idealism. Munk R, editor. Dordrecht: Springer; 2005. P. 193-230.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gibbs R. Jurisprudence is the Organon of Ethics: Kant and Cohen on Ethics, Law, and Religion // Hermann Cohen`s Critical idealism. Ed. By R. Munk. Dordrecht: Springer, 2005. P. 193—230.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B31"><label>31.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Natorp P. Recht und Sittlichkeit. Ein Beitrag zur kategorialen Begründung der praktischen Philosophie. Kant-Studien. (18): 1-79.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Natorp P. Recht und Sittlichkeit. Ein Beitrag zur kategorialen Begründung der praktischen Philosophie // Kant-Studien. 18. P. 1—79.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B32"><label>32.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kagan MI. On the Course of History. Moscow: Yazyki slavyanskikh kultur; 2004. (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Каган М.И. О ходе истории. М.: Языки славянской культуры, 2004.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B33"><label>33.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rosenzweig F. The New Thinking. In: Rosenzweig F. Philosophical and Theological Writings. Franks PW, Morgan ML, translators and editors. Indianapolis/Cambridge: Hackett Publishing; 2000. P. 109-139.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rosenzweig F. The New Thinking / Philosophical and Theological Writings. Translated and Edited, with Notes and Commentary, by Paul W. Franks and Michael L. Morgan. Indianapolis, 2000. P. 109—139.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list></back></article>
