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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Philosophy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Philosophy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Cерия: Философия</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-2302</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2408-8900</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">24356</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-2302-2020-24-3-432-444</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHILOSOPHY OF LIFE AND EXISTENTIAL PHILOSOPHY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЛОСОФИЯ ЖИЗНИ И ЭКЗИСТЕНЦИАЛЬНАЯ ФИЛОСОФИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Idea of Time in Bergson’s Lectures</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Идея времени в лекциях Бергсона</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Menshikov</surname><given-names>Andrey Sergeevich</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Меньшиков</surname><given-names>Андрей Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand.Sc. in Philosophy, Associate professor at the Department of Philosophy</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат философских наук, доцент, доцент кафедры истории философии, философской антропологии, эстетики и теории культуры</p></bio><email>asmenshikov@urfu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Ural Federal University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «УрФУ им. первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">HISTORY OF JEWISH PHILOSOPHY</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ИСТОРИЯ ЕВРЕЙСКОЙ ФИЛОСОФИИ</issue-title><fpage>432</fpage><lpage>444</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-08-12"><day>12</day><month>08</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, Menshikov A.S.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, Меньшиков А.С.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Menshikov A.S.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Меньшиков А.С.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/philosophy/article/view/24356">https://journals.rudn.ru/philosophy/article/view/24356</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article focuses on two lecture courses - “The Idea of time” and “The History of the Idea of Time” - delivered by the French philosopher Henri Bergson at Collège de France in 1901-1903. While these courses cannot replace Bergson’s published works for understanding his philosophy, they can shed new light on Bergson’s popularity. Due to the requirements of the genre, Bergson presents his views in a most succinct and convincing manner and showcases his most original ideas. In these lectures Bergson reinterprets traditional philosophical categories such as the absolute and the relative, the infinite and the finite, and explores two major modes of cognition - conceptual and intuitive knowledge. Major thrust of Bergson’s arguments is targeted at conceptual cognition because it is incapable of grasping the duration. Conceptual cognition relies on signs to operate representations of reality. Bergson demonstrates that signs, including concepts, are general, fixating and they appeal to action. Conceptual cognition, therefore, is based on fragmenting continuous processes in reality. However, when discussing intuitive cognition Bergson provides but an outline by referring to “intellectual sympathy”, “plunging into the thing in itself”. Despite this apophatic description of the alternative - intuitive - mode of cognition Bergson insists on fundamental transformation of philosophy. We conclude that already in the early 1900s Bergson has in mind an entire project of reconstituting metaphysics and reorienting it towards the problem of time, what might be described as “temporal turn” in philosophy of the twentieth century.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Статья вводит в научный оборот изданные лекционные курсы Бергсона «Идея времени» (изд. 2019) и «История идеи времени» (изд. 2016), которые читались им в Коллеж де Франс в 1901-1903 годах. Дается краткое описание лекционной деятельности Бергсона, подчеркивается, что данные материалы лекций позволяют лучше понять ту популярность, которую завоевал Бергсон среди современников. Поскольку лекционный жанр предполагает доступность и краткость изложения, то по лекциям Бергсона можно судить о том, что он сам считал наиболее важными и новаторскими идеями в своем философском учении, которые стоят того, чтобы представить их широкой публике. Отмечается, что Бергсон связывает «идею времени» с пересмотром основных философских категорий (абсолютное и относительное, бесконечное и конечное) и методов философии (понятийное и интуитивное познание). Большую часть своей аргументации и примеров в лекциях Бергсон обращает на демонстрацию неспособности привычного нам пути познания схватить длительность. Деконструируя этот способ познания, Бергсон показывает, что он опирается прежде всего на знаки, на символическую имитацию реальности. Раскрывая далее механизмы образования и такие характеристики знаков, как общность, фиксация и ориентированность на действие, Бергсон показывает, что они, а понятия тоже знаки, по своей природе могут лишь фрагментировать и расчленять поток становления в реальности. Однако интуитивный способ постижения, необходимый для схватывания длительности, представлен лишь некоторыми примерами и категориями (интеллектуальная симпатия, погружение в вещь в себе) и очерчивается Бергсоном скорее апофатически. Тем не менее, Бергсон приходит к выводу о необходимости радикально переориентировать метафизику на проблематику времени и тем самым осуществляет «темпоральный поворот» в начале двадцатого века.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Bergson’s courses</kwd><kwd>idea of time</kwd><kwd>temporal turn</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лекции Бергсона</kwd><kwd>идея времени</kwd><kwd>темпоральный поворот</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (grant #19-18-00342).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда (проект № 19-18-00342).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Soulez P, Worms F. Bergson. Biographie. 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