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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Philosophy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Philosophy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Cерия: Философия</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-2302</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2408-8900</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">21939</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-2302-2019-23-3-324-333</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MORAL DILEMMAS IN THE ERA OF HIGH-TECH SOCIETY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МОРАЛЬНЫЕ ДИЛЕММЫ В ЭПОХУ ВЫСОКОТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ОБЩЕСТВА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">SHIFTS IN THANATOLOGICAL APPROACH UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF BIOMEDICAL PROGRESS: ONTOLOGICAL, ANTHROPOLOGICAL, ETHICAL</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>СДВИГИ В ТАНАТОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ УСТАНОВКЕ ПОД ВЛИЯНИЕМ БИОМЕДИЦИНСКОГО ПРОГРЕССА: ОНТОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ, АНТРОПОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ, ЭТИЧЕСКОЕ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhelnin</surname><given-names>A I</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Желнин</surname><given-names>Антон Игоревич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат философских наук, доцент кафедры философии</p></bio><email>zhelnin90@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Perm State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Пермский государственный национальный исследовательский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 23, NO3 (2019)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 23, №3 (2019)</issue-title><fpage>324</fpage><lpage>333</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2019-10-14"><day>14</day><month>10</month><year>2019</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2019, Zhelnin A.I.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2019, Желнин А.И.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zhelnin A.I.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Желнин А.И.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/philosophy/article/view/21939">https://journals.rudn.ru/philosophy/article/view/21939</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Death is an invariant of human existence, a kind of its “omega point”. At the same time, the attitude towards it is not a constant, but rather undergoes changes, being incorporated in a wide sociocultural context. The mail goal of the article is an analysis of the nature of these changes at the present stage specifically under the influence of rapid biotechnological progress and dilemmas generated by these changes. Firstly, there is a tendency of increasing optimism: some theorists tend to perceive death not as an inevitable reality, but rather as a problem and a challenge. At the same time a radical direction arises, believing that death can be overcome only through the complete separation of man from its body substrate. The utopian nature of this project forces more moderate theorists to look for indirect way, which consists in a “war” with aging as the main predecessor of death, up to attempts of its complete abolition. Gradually, the formation of scientific immortology as a kind of opposition for thanatology takes place. At the same time, many theorists, and even more ordinary people remain skeptical position about the prospects for victory over death. It can be concluded that biomedical progress actualizes general human intention for self-preservation and death avoidance, but science requires an assessment of not only the objective possibilities for overcoming death but also both ontological and anthropological (including moral) consequences of it.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Смерть является инвариантом человеческого бытия, своего рода его «точкой омега». Вместе с тем отношение к ней не является константой, а претерпевает изменения, будучи вписанным в широкий социокультурный контекст. Целью статьи является попытка установить характер данных изменений на современном этапе конкретно под влиянием бурного биомедицинского прогресса и тех коллизий, которые эти изменения порождают. Во-первых, имеет место тенденция к росту оптимизма: некоторые теоретики склонны воспринимать смерть не как неотвратимую данность, а скорее как проблему и вызов. Вместе с тем возникает радикальное направление, полагающее, что преодоление смерти возможно только посредством полного отделения человека от телесного субстрата. Утопичность данного проекта заставляет более умеренных теоретиков искать обходной путь, заключающийся в «войне» со старением как главным предшественником смерти вплоть до попыток его полной отмены. Постепенно происходит становление научной иммортологии как своеобразного антипода танатологии. Вместе с тем многие теоретики и тем более простые люди сохраняют скепсис по поводу перспектив победы над смертью. Можно заключить, что биомедицинский прогресс актуализирует общую интенцию человека на самосохранение и избегание смерти, однако со стороны науки требуется оценка не только объективных возможностей для ее преодоления, но также и онтологических, и антропологических (в том числе моральных) последствий этого.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>life</kwd><kwd>death</kwd><kwd>immortality</kwd><kwd>aging</kwd><kwd>thanatology</kwd><kwd>immortology</kwd><kwd>biomedical progress</kwd><kwd>transhumanism</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>жизнь</kwd><kwd>смерть</kwd><kwd>бессмертие</kwd><kwd>старение</kwd><kwd>танатология</kwd><kwd>иммортология</kwd><kwd>биомедицинский прогресс</kwd><kwd>трансгуманизм</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ar'es F. Human in front of face of death. Moscow: Progress; 1992. 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