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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Philosophy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Philosophy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Cерия: Философия</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-2302</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2408-8900</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">20949</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-2302-2019-23-1-56-65</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SOCIAL PHILOSOPHY: LANGUAGE-MAN-SOCIETY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СОЦИАЛЬНАЯ ФИЛОСОФИЯ: ЯЗЫК-ЧЕЛОВЕК-ОБЩЕСТВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">REFERENCES OF PROPER NAMES AS THE PROBLEM OF CONTEMPORARY PHILOSOPHY OF LANGUAGE</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>РЕФЕРЕНЦИИ СОБСТВЕННЫХ ИМЕН КАК ПРОБЛЕМА СОВРЕМЕННОЙ ФИЛОСОФИИ ЯЗЫКА</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherniak</surname><given-names>A Z</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черняк</surname><given-names>Алексей Зиновьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en">-</bio><bio xml:lang="ru">кандидат философских наук, доцент кафедры социальной философии факультета гуманитарных и социальных наук РУДН</bio><email>abishot2100@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 23, NO1 (2019)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 23, №1 (2019)</issue-title><fpage>56</fpage><lpage>65</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2019-04-12"><day>12</day><month>04</month><year>2019</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2019, Cherniak A.Z.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2019, Черняк А.З.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Cherniak A.Z.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Черняк А.З.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/philosophy/article/view/20949">https://journals.rudn.ru/philosophy/article/view/20949</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en">This article investigates the idea that meanings of proper names are their references which is popular in the philosophy of language. The aim is to show, first, that there is no satisfactory answer to the question “How references as stable relations between words and objects appear, due to accomplishment of what conditions these properties of linguistic expressions may be produced?”, and, second, that we can still use the notion of reference in our explanations of some effects of communication if we treat reference as pragmatic rather than semantic phenomenon. The actuality of this research is provided by the fact that the identification of meanings of certain types of terms, proper names first of all, with their references is still very influential account in the philosophy of language. The author uses the methods of historical exposition and philosophical analysis of the main theories of reference, such as theory of descriptions and causal theory of reference. It is shown that these theories in their different modifications fail to explain how references as semantic relations between proper names and their bearers may be produced in the course of communication and social interaction. But although there are alternative concepts of the nature meanings of proper names it is concluded that we still may apply the notion of reference in our explanations of natural language communication if we treat reference as pragmatic effect caused by mutual coordination of actions achieved by the participants of certain communicative situation.</abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru">В этой статье исследуется популярная в философии языка идея, что значениями собственных имен являются их референции. Цель статьи - показать, во-первых, что нет удовлетворительного ответа на вопрос «Как появляются референции как стабильные отношения между словами и объектами, за счет выполнения каких условий эти свойства языковых выражений могут создаваться?» и, во-вторых, что мы по-прежнему можем использовать понятие референции для объяснения некоторых коммуникативных эффектов, если будем трактовать ее как скорее прагматический, чем семантический феномен. Актуальность этого исследования обеспечивается тем, что отождествление значений некоторых типов терминов, прежде всего собственных имен, с их референциями - до сих пор весьма влиятельный подход в философии языка. Автор использует методы исторической экспозиции и философского анализа основных теорий референции, таких как теория дескрипций и каузальная теория референции. Показано, что эти теории в разных их модификациях не могут объяснить, как референции как семантические отношения между собственными именами и их носителями могут создаваться в процессе коммуникации и социальной интеракции. Но хотя существуют альтернативные концепции природы значений собственных имен, автор приходит к заключению, что мы по-прежнему можем использовать понятие референции в наших объяснениях естественно-языковой коммуникации, если будем понимать референцию как прагматический феномен, вызываемый взаимной координацией действий, достигаемой между участниками определенной коммуникативной ситуации.</trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>reference</kwd><kwd>meaning</kwd><kwd>semantic property</kwd><kwd>denotation</kwd><kwd>proper name</kwd><kwd>theory of descriptions</kwd><kwd>direct reference</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>референция</kwd><kwd>значение</kwd><kwd>семантическое свойство</kwd><kwd>денотация</kwd><kwd>собственное имя</kwd><kwd>теория дескрипций</kwd><kwd>прямая референция</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Aristotle. On Interpretation (De Interpretatione). 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