Оценка производительности межсетевого экрана при ранжировании набора правил фильтрации

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Данная статья является продолжением ряда работ, посвящённых оценке вероятностно-временных характеристик межсетевых экранов при ранжировании набора правил фильтрации. В публикации рассматривается проблема снижения эффективности фильтрации информационных потоков. Проблема возникла из-за использования последовательной схемы проверки соответствия пакетов правилам, а также из-за неоднородности и изменчивости сетевого трафика. Порядок правил неоптимален, и это в многомерном списке существенно влияет на производительность межсетевого экрана, а также может вызывать значительную временную задержку и вариации в значениях времени обслуживания пакетов, что существенно важно для стабильной работы мультимедийных протоколов. Один из способов предотвратить снижение производительности - это ранжировать набор правил в соответствии с характеристиками входящих информационных потоков. В исследовании решаются следующие задачи: определение и анализ среднего времени фильтрации трафика основных передающих сетей; оценка эффективности ранжирования правил. Предложен метод ранжирования набора правил фильтрации и построена система массового обслуживания со сложной дисциплиной обслуживания запросов. Определённый порядок используется для описания того, как запросы обрабатываются в системе, и включает в себя выполнение операций с входящими пакетами и логическую структуру набора правил фильтрации. Таковы элементы обработки информационного потока в межсетевом экране. Подобный уровень детализации не полный, но его достаточно для создания модели. Характеристики СМО получены с помощью методов имитационного моделирования в среде Simulink матричной вычислительной системы MATLAB. На основании анализа полученных результатов были сделаны выводы о возможности повышения производительности межсетевого экрана за счёт ранжирования правил фильтрации для тех скриптов трафика, которые близки к реальным.

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1. Introduction In order to ensure information security of automated systems (AS) that have connections to external untrusted resources, we have to pay attention © Botvinko A.Y., Samouylov K.E., 2021 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ to the possibility of threats such as violation of confidentiality, integrity and availability of information. A required condition to prevent the threats aimed on violating AS’s normal operation is using the firewall technologies [1]-[3]. The main firewall technology is network traffic filtration according to a certain rule set. It is executed at the points of the connection of the AS under protection to external uncontrolled systems and is implemented by using special hardware or software complexes, i.e., firewalls. The firewall filtration rule set is a list of conditions according to which the further transmission of network traffic packets is allowed or denied. The parameters, attributes and characteristics of network traffic flows are usually used to set filtering conditions [4]. The important fact is that the network traffic filtration brings additional time delays during data transmission. High values of the delays during packet filtration can cause packet losses, denials for session initiation and failures in AS’s normal work [5], [6]. In works [7]-[13], a great influence of the rule set size and the order of filtration rules in the set on the firewall performance is noted. The influence can be explained by the sequential scheme used to check the packet compliance with the set rules. The maximum decrease in the performance happens while checking the compliance of attributes of packets under filtration with the conditions at the end of the high-dimensional rule set. Defining a rule set that correctly realizes the security policy, but is ineffective in terms of performance, can be considered an error in firewall configuring. We should also consider that real network traffic has heterogeneity caused by various non-parameterizable factors. This can lead to a decrease in the effectiveness of the static filtration rule set configured initially. One of the ways to prevent the decrease in the performance caused by traffic heterogeneity is to range the rule set according to the incoming traffic characteristics. Therefore, the task of ranging a rule set in accordance with the characteristics of information flows is not only actual and in demand. This is especially important for the firewalls that ensure information security for the AS with a complex network architecture and large volumes of network traffic. The main goal of this work is to develop a model for evaluating the firewall performance when ranging the filtration rule set. This paper has the following structure. A method for ranging the filtration rule set is proposed in section 2. In section 3, a model for ranging the rules in the form of a queuing system (QS) with a phase-type service discipline is developed [14]. The results of simulation modelling and firewall performance evaluation for the network traffic script that is close to real are presented in section 4. The Conclusion contains the main aspects of our study. 2. Ranging a filtration rule set for a firewall By ranging the filtration rule set we mean putting the rules in descending order by their weights in accordance with the evaluation of the characteristics of information flows. We consider that traffic filtration is executed at the network and transmission levels of the standard model for the open system interaction (OSI). According to the generally accepted classification [1]-[3], such firewalls relate to the type of packet filters. Ranging is executed at discrete moments of time

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Об авторах

А. Ю. Ботвинко

Российский университет дружбы народов

Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: botviay@sci.pfu.edu.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1412-981X

postgraduate of Department of Applied Probability and Informatics

ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6, Москва, 117198, Россия

К. Е. Самуйлов

Российский университет дружбы народов; Федеральный исследовательский центр «Информатика и управление» РАН

Email: samuylov-ke@rudn.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6368-9680

Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Head of Department of Applied Probability and Informatics

ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6, Москва, 117198, Россия; ул. Вавилова, д. 44, корп. 2, Москва, 119333, Россия

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Эта статья доступна по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.