Discrete and Continuous Models and Applied Computational ScienceDiscrete and Continuous Models and Applied Computational ScienceDiscrete and Continuous Models and Applied Computational Science2658-46702658-7149Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)8583ArticlesСтатьиResearch ArticleNonlinear Coherent Perfect AbsorptionНелинейное когерентное полное поглощениеNireekshan ReddyKНирикшан РеддиКknireekshanreddy@gmail.comDutta GuptaSДатта ГуптаСубхашишsdghyderabad@gmail.comSchool of Physics University of HyderabadИнститут физики Университет Хайдерабада150420144NO4 (2014)№4 (2014)11213308092016Copyright ©; 2014, Нирикшан Редди К., Датта Гупта С.2014Нирикшан Редди К., Датта Гупта С.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://journals.rudn.ru/miph/article/view/8583We review some of the recent concepts and their realization exploiting the perfect destructive interference of light in micro and nano structures. One refers to optical structures where the effective absorption can be controlled and maximized to perfect absorption. The reported effects depend crucially on the coherent nature of the exciting radiation. Achieved with a single (two or more) incident plane wave (waves) the effect carries the name of critical coupling (coherent perfect absorption). Thus in a system supporting critical coupling (CC) or coherent perfect absorption (CPA) all the incident radiation can be absorbed leading to null scattering. In particular all the incident light energy can be channeled into a specified mode of a multimodal structure if such modes are supported by the system. We present a brief overview of CC and CPA in linear systems to recount their underlying concepts as time-reversed lasing and some of their futuristic applications. Next we review our work on the nonlinear extensions of CC and CPA where one or more of the layered media could be nonlinear with Kerr-type nonlinearity. The dispersive nonlinearity is shown to offer a practical handle over the process of perfect absorption by incident laser power. Further we show that the nonlinear periodic structure can support gap solitons which absorbs all the incident energy and do not scatter any light outside the hetero-guide.Рассматриваются некоторые из последних направлений и их реализации с использованием идеальной деструктивной интерференции света в микро-и наноструктурах. Это относится к оптическим структурам, в которых можно управлять эффективным поглощением и максимизировать его до полного поглощения. Рассматриваемые эффекты в решающей степени зависят от когерентных свойств падающего излучения. Эффект, достигаемый с одной (двумя или более) падающей плоской волной (волнами) носит название критической связи (когерентное полное поглощение). Таким образом, в системе, поддерживающей критическую связь (КС) или когерентное полное поглощение (КПП), всё падающее излучение может быть поглощено, что приводит к нулевому рассеянию. В частности, вся энергия падающего света может быть передана определённой моде многомодовой структуры, если такие моды поддерживаются системой. Дан краткий обзор КС и КПП в линейных системах с целью представить их основные принципы как обращённый во времени лазерный эффект и обсудить некоторые из их будущих приложений. Далее рассматриваются работы авторов в направлении расширения КС и КПП в область нелинейных взаимодействий, где одна или более слоистых сред может быть нелинейной с керровским типом нелинейности. Показано, что путём изменения падающей лазерной мощности дисперсионная нелинейность может служить практическим инструментом управления процессом полного поглощения. Далее показано, что нелинейная периодическая структура может поддерживать солитонные решения в запрещённой зоне, которые поглощают всю падающую энергию, и не рассеивать свет за пределы гетеро-волновода.interference effectsoptical periodic structuresoptical nonlinearityинтерференционные эффектыоптические периодические структурыоптическая нелинейность1.Time-Reversed Lasing and Interferometric Control of Absorption / W. Wan, Y. Chong, L. Ge et al. // Science. - 2011. - Vol. 331, No 6019. - Pp. 889 - http://www.sciencemag.org/content/331/6019/889.abstract.2.Coherent Perfect Absorbers: Time-Reversed Lasers / Y. D. Chong, L. Ge, H. Cao, A. D. Stone // Physical Review Letters. - 2010. - Vol. 105, issue 5. - P. 053901. - http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.053901.3.Frederick C. Evering J. Artificial Diffraction Anomalies for Gratings of Rectangular Profile // Applied Optics. - 2014. - Vol. 5. - Pp. 1313-1317.4.Yariv A. Universal Relations for Coupling of Optical Power Between Microresonators and Dielectric Waveguides // Electronics Letters. - 2000. - Vol. 36, No 4. - Pp. 321-322. - ISSN 0013-5194.5.Cai M., Painter O., Vahala K. J. Observation of Critical Coupling in a Fiber Taper to a Silica-Microsphere Whispering-Gallery Mode System // Physical Review Letters. - 2000. - Vol. 85, issue 1. - Pp. 74-77. - http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.74.6.Tischler J.R., Bradley M. S., Bulovi´c V. Critically Coupled Resonators in Vertical Geometry using a Planar Mirror and a 5 nm Thick Absorbing Film // Optic Letters. - 2006. - Vol. 31, No 13. - Pp. 2045-2047. - http://ol.osa.org/abstract.cfm?URI=ol-31-13-2045.7.Dutta Gupta S. Strong-Interaction-Mediated Critical Coupling at Two Distinct Frequencies // Optics Letters. - 2007. - Vol. 32, No 11. - Pp. 1483-1485. - http://ol.osa.org/abstract.cfm?URI=ol-32-11-1483.8.Controllable Coherent Perfect Absorption in a Composite Film / S. Dutta-Gupta, O.J.F. Martin, S. Dutta Gupta, G. S. Agarwal // Opt. Express. - 2012. - Vol. 20, No 2. - Pp. 1330-1336. - http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-20-2-1330.9.Longhi S. -Symmetric Laser Absorber // Physical Review A. - 2010. - Vol. 82, issue 3. - P. 031801. - http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevA. 82.031801.10.Reddy K.N., Gopal A.V., Dutta Gupta S. Nonlinearity Induced Critical Coupling // Optics Letters. - 2013. - Vol. 38, No 14. - P. 2517. - http: //dx.doi.org/10.1364/OL.38.002517.11.Reddy K.N., Dutta Gupta S. Light-Controlled Perfect Absorption of Light // Optics Letters. - 2013. - Vol. 38, No 24. - P. 5252. - http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1364/OL.38.005252.12.Reddy K.N., Dutta Gupta S. Gap Solitons with Null-Scattering // Optic Letters. - 2014. - Vol. 39, No 8. - Pp. 2254-2257. - http://ol.osa.org/ abstract.cfm?URI=ol-39-8-2254.13.Bohren C.F., Huffman D. R. Absorption and Scattering of Light by Small Particles. - 1998.14.Agarwal G.S., Dutta Gupta S. T-Matrix Approach to the Nonlinear Susceptibilities of Heterogeneous Media // Physical Review A. - 1988. - Vol. 38, issue 11. - Pp. 5678-5687. - http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevA.38.5678.15.Critical Coupling at Oblique Incidence / S. Deb, S. Dutta-Gupta, J. Banerji, S. Dutta Gupta // Journal of Optics A: Pure and Applied Optics. - 2007. - Vol. 9, No 7. - P. 555. - http://stacks.iop.org/1464-4258/9/i=7/a=001.16.Deb S., Dutta Gupta S. Critical Coupling in a Fabry-P´erot Cavity with Meta-material Mirrors // Optics Communications. - 2010. - Vol. 283, No 23. - Pp. 4764-4769. - ISSN 0030-4018. - http://www.sciencedirect.com/ science/article/pii/S0030401810006978.17.Balci S., Kocabas C., Aydinli A. Critical Coupling in Plasmonic Resonator Arrays // Optic Letters. - 2011. - Vol. 36, No 15. - Pp. 2770-2772. - http://ol.osa.org/abstract.cfm?URI=ol-36-15-2770.18.Yariv A. Critical Coupling and its Control in Optical Waveguide-Ring Resonator Systems // Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE. - 2002. - Vol. 14, No 4. - Pp. 483-485. - ISSN 1041-1135.19.Choi J.M., Lee R. K., Yariv A. Control of Critical Coupling in a Ring Resonator- Fiber Configuration: Application to Wavelength-Selective Switching, Modulation, Amplification, and Oscillation // Optic Letters. - 2001. - Vol. 26, No 16. - Pp. 1236-1238. - http://ol.osa.org/abstract.cfm?URI=ol-26-16-1236.20.Dutta-Gupta S., Deb S., Dutta Gupta S. Signature of Strong Atom-Cavity Interaction on Critical Coupling // Journal of Optics. - 2010. - Vol. 12, No 7. - P. 075103. - http://stacks.iop.org/2040-8986/12/i=7/a=075103.21.Coherent Perfect Absorption Mediated Anomalous Reflection and Refraction / Shourya Dutta-Gupta, Rahul Deshmukh, Achanta Venu Gopal et al. // Optics Letters. - 2012. - Vol. 37, No 21. - Pp. 4452-4454. - http://ol.osa.org/ abstract.cfm?URI=ol-37-21-4452.22.Surface-Plasmon Mediated Total Absorption of Light Into Silicon / J.W. Yoon, W.J. Park, K.J. Lee et al. // Opt. Express. - 2011. - Vol. 19, No 21. - Pp. 20673-20680. - http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI= oe-19-21-20673.23.Ultrathin Broadband Nearly Perfect Absorber with Symmetrical Coherent Illumination / M. Pu, Q. Feng, M. Wang et al. // Opt. Express. - 2012. - Vol. 20, No 3. - Pp. 2246-2254. - http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract. cfm?URI=oe-20-3-2246.24.Perfect Coupling of Light to Surface Plasmons by Coherent Absorption / H. Noh, Y. Chong, A. D. Stone, H. Cao // Physical Review Letters. - 2012. - Vol. 108, issue 18. - P. 186805. - http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.108. 186805.25.Measurement and Modeling of a Complete Optical Absorption and Scattering by Coherent Surface Plasmon-Polariton Excitation Using a Silver Thin-Film Grating / J. W. Yoon, G. M. Koh, S. H. Song, R. Magnusson // Physical Review Letters. - 2012. - Vol. 109, issue 25. - P. 257402. - http://link.aps.org/ doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.257402.26.Thongrattanasiri S., Koppens F. H. L., Garcia de Abajo F. J. Complete Optical Absorption in Periodically Patterned Graphene // Physical Review Letters. - 2012. - Vol. 108, issue 4. - P. 047401. - http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/ PhysRevLett.108.047401.27.Piper J.R., Fan S. Total Absorption in a Graphene Monolayer in the Optical Regime by Critical Coupling with a Photonic Crystal Guided Resonance // ACS Photonics. - 2014. - Vol. 1, No 4. - Pp. 347-353. - http://pubs.acs.org/ doi/abs/10.1021/ph400090p.28.Coherent Perfect Absorption and Transparency in a Nanostructured Graphene Film / J. Zhang, C. Guo, K. Liu et al. // Opt. Express. - 2014. - Vol. 22, No 10. - Pp. 12524-12532. - http://www.opticsexpress.org/ abstract.cfm?URI=oe-22-10-12524.29.Jablan M., Buljan H., Soljaˇci´c M. Plasmonics in Graphene at Infrared Frequencies // Physical Review B. - 2009. - Vol. 80, issue 24. - P. 245435. - http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevB.80.245435.30.Shen J.-T., Fan S. Quantum Critical Coupling Conditions for Zero Single-Photon Transmission Through a Coupled Atom-Resonator-Waveguide System // Physical Review A. - 2010. - Vol. 82, issue 2. - P. 021802. - http://link.aps.org/ doi/10.1103/PhysRevA.82.021802.31.Chong Y. D., Cao H., Stone A. D. Noise Properties of Coherent Perfect Absorbers and Critically Coupled Resonators // Phys. Rev. A. - 2013. - Vol. 87, issue 1. - P. 013843. - http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevA.87.013843.32.Coherent Perfect Absorption, Transmission, and Synthesis in a Double-Cavity Optomechanical System / X.-B. Yan, C.-L. Cui, K.-H. Gu et al. // Opt. Express. - 2014. - Vol. 22, No 5. - Pp. 4886-4895. - http://www.opticsexpress.org/ abstract.cfm?URI=oe-22-5-4886.33.Dutta Gupta S., Agarwal G. S. Two-Photon Quantum Interference in Plasmonics: Theory and Applications // Optic Letters. - 2014. - Vol. 39, No 2. - Pp. 390-393. - http://ol.osa.org/abstract.cfm?URI=ol-39-2-390.34.Huang S., Agarwal G. S. Coherent Perfect Absorption of Single Photons // arXiv:1402.7146 [physics.optics]. - 2014.35.Agarwal G. S., Huang S. Nanomechanical Inverse Electromagnetically Induced Transparency and Confinement of Light in Normal Modes // New Journal of Physics. - 2014. - Vol. 16, No 3. - P. 033023. - http://stacks.iop.org/ 1367-2630/16/i=3/a=033023.36.Longhi S. Time-Reversed Optical Parametric Oscillation // Physical Review Letters. - 2011. - Vol. 107, issue 3. - P. 033901. - http://link.aps.org/doi/ 10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.033901.37.Longhi S. Coherent Perfect Absorption in a Homogeneously Broadened Two-Level Medium // Physical Review A. - 2011. - Vol. 83, issue 5. - P. 055804. - http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevA.83.055804.38.Longhi S., Della Valle G. Coherent Perfect Absorbers for Transient, Periodic, or Chaotic Optical Fields: Time-Reversed Lasers Beyond Threshold // Physical Review A. - 2012. - Vol. 85, issue 5. - P. 053838. - http://link.aps.org/ doi/10.1103/PhysRevA.85.053838.39.Johnson P. B., Christy R. W. Optical Constants of the Noble Metals // Physical Review B. - 1972. - Vol. 6, issue 12. - Pp. 4370-4379. - http://link.aps. org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevB.6.4370.40.Chen W., Mills D. L. Optical Response of a Nonlinear Dielectric Film // Phys. Rev. B. - 1987. - Vol. 35, issue 2. - Pp. 524-532. - http://link.aps.org/ doi/10.1103/PhysRevB.35.524.41.Dutta Gupta S., Agarwal G. S. Dispersive Bistability in Coupled Nonlinear Fabry- Perot Resonators // Journal of the Optical Society of America B. - 1987. - Vol. 4, No 5. - Pp. 691-695. - http://josab.osa.org/abstract.cfm?URI= josab-4-5-691.42.Dutta Gupta S., Ray D. S. Optical Multistability in a Nonlinear Fibonacci Multilayer // Physical Review B. - 1988. - Vol. 38, issue 5. - Pp. 3628-3631. - http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevB.38.3628.43.Dutta Gupta S. Optical Multistability and Solitonlike Intensity Distribution in a Nonlinear Superlattice for Oblique Incidence // Journal of the Optical Society of America B. - 1989. - Vol. 6, No 10. - Pp. 1927-1931. - http://josab.osa. org/abstract.cfm?URI=josab-6-10-1927.44.Dutta Gupta S., Ray D. S. Localization Problem in Optics: Nonlinear Quasiperiodic Media // Physical Review B. - 1990. - Vol. 41, issue 12. - Pp. 8047- 8053. - http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevB.41.8047.45.Dutta Gupta S. Nonlinear Optics of Stratified Media / Ed. by E. Wolf. - Elsevier, 1998. - Vol. 38 of Progress in Optics. - Pp. 1 - 84. - http://www. sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0079663808703494.46.Marburger J. H., Felber F. S. Theory of a Lossless Nonlinear Fabry-Perot Interferometer // Physical Review A. - 1978. - Vol. 17, issue 1. - Pp. 335-342. - http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevA.17.335.47.Born M., Wolf E. Principles of Optics. - Cambridge University Press, 1999.48.Enhanced Nonlinear Optical Response of Composite Materials / G.L. Fischer, R.W. Boyd, R.J. Gehr et al. // Physical Review Letters. - 1995. - Vol. 74, issue 10. - Pp. 1871-1874. - http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett. 74.1871.49.Barnoskki M. K. Introduction to Integrated Optics. - Plenum, 1974.50.Chen W., Mills D. L. Gap Solitons and the Nonlinear Optical Response of Super-lattices // Physical Review Letters. - 1987. - Vol. 58, issue 2. - Pp. 160-163. - http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.58.160.51.Desterke C. M., Sipe J. E. Gap Solitons // Progress in Optics. - 1994. - Vol. 33. - Pp. 203-260.52.Hooper I.R., Preist T. W., Sambles J. R. Making Tunnel Barriers (Including Metals) Transparent // Physical Review Letters. - 2006. - Vol. 97, issue 5. - P. 053902. - http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.053902.53.Golla D., Deb S., Dutta Gupta S. The Role of Absorption and Dispersion in Resonant Tunnelling Through a Negative Index Medium // The European Physical Journal Applied Physics. - 2011. - Vol. 53, No 01.54.Yeh P. Optical Waves in Layered Media (Pure & Applied Optics). - illustrated edition edition. - John Wiley & Sons, 1988. - ISBN 0471828661. - http: //www.worldcat.org/isbn/0471828661.