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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Discrete and Continuous Models and Applied Computational Science</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Discrete and Continuous Models and Applied Computational Science</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Discrete and Continuous Models and Applied Computational Science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2658-4670</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2658-7149</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">8251</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Research of the Reliability of a Homogeneous Redundant Warm Standby System in a Random Environment</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Исследование надёжности однородной системы облегчённого резервирования в случайной среде</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tran</surname><given-names>Anh Nghia</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чан</surname><given-names>Ань Нгиа</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en">Probability Theory and Mathematical Statistics Department</bio><bio xml:lang="ru">Кафедра теории вероятностей и математической статистики</bio><email>trananhnghiadhv@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2014-01-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>01</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">NO1 (2014)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">№1 (2014)</issue-title><fpage>30</fpage><lpage>42</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2016-09-08"><day>08</day><month>09</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2014, Чан А.Н.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чан А.Н.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/miph/article/view/8251">https://journals.rudn.ru/miph/article/view/8251</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en">This paper investigates the inﬂuence of randomness of the environment on the reliability of work of technical systems and extends research of the previous paper to the case of the warm redundant standby. A short review of the papers devoted to the queueing systems operating in random environments is cited. A general Markov model of the reliability of a system operating in Markov random environment is proposed. Diﬀerential equations for the time dependent state probabilities of such a system and appropriate formulas for the stationary and non-stationary its reliability characteristics is given. An expression for the moment generation function and appropriate moments of the system life time are given. For the purpose of inﬂuence of environmental variability on the system reliability characteristics some parameter c is introdeced, which indicates the inﬂuence of variability on the intensity of failures and recoveries of elements in diﬀerent states of the environment. With using a specially developed software module in the environment MATLAB the numerical study and comparison of the reliability characteristics of the warm redundancy two-units system, operating in a stable and random environments with two states are conducted. Results of the numerical investigation, presented in the form of tables and graphs show both similarities and diﬀerences in the systems in a random and stable environments.</abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru">В работе исследуется влияние случайности внешней среды на надёжность работы технических систем и обобщает предыдущие результаты на случай системы тёплого резервирования. Приведён краткий обзор работ по исследованию функционирования систем массового обслуживания в случайной среде. Предложена общая марковская модель надёжности системы, функционирующей в случайной марковской среде. Приведены дифференциальные уравнения для вероятностей состояний такой системы и соотношения для вычисления стационарных и нестационарных характеристик надёжности её работы. Получено выражение для производящей функции моментов времени безотказной работы системы. С целью исследования влияния случайности внешней среды и её изменчивости на характеристики надёжности системы вводится параметр изменчивости среды                   c, характеризующий её влияние на интенсивности отказов и восстановлений элементов в различных состояниях среды. С помощью специально разработанного программного модуля в среде MATLAB проведено численное исследование и сравнение характеристик надёжности для системы облегчённого дублирования, работающей в стабильной и случайной средах с двумя состояниями. Результаты численного исследования, представленные в виде таблиц и графиков, показали как общие черты, так и различия в работе систем в случайной и стабильной средах.</trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>reliability systems</kwd><kwd>random environments</kwd><kwd>stationary and non-stationary system reliability characteristics</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>надёжность систем</kwd><kwd>случайная среда</kwd><kwd>стационарные и нестационарные характеристики надёжности системы</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Eisen M., Tainiter M. Stochastic Variations in Queueing Processes // Opens. Res. — 1963. — Vol. 11. — Pp. 922–927.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Naor P., Yehiali U. Queueing Problems with Heterogeneous Arrivals and Service // Opens. 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