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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Discrete and Continuous Models and Applied Computational Science</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Discrete and Continuous Models and Applied Computational Science</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Discrete and Continuous Models and Applied Computational Science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2658-4670</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2658-7149</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">46737</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2658-4670-2025-33-3-272-283</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">HEOQDK</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Modeling and Simulation</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Математическое моделирование</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Analysis of the stochastic model “prey-migration area-predator-superpredator”</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Анализ стохастической модели “жертва-ареал миграции-хищник-суперхищник”</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4120-2595</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilyeva</surname><given-names>Irina I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильева</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant professor of Department of Mathematical Modeling, Computer Technologies and Information Security</p></bio><email>irinavsl@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9242-9730</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Druzhinina</surname><given-names>Olga V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дружинина</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Chief Researcher</p></bio><email>ovdruzh@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0934-7217</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Masina</surname><given-names>Olga N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Масина</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor of Department of Mathematical Modeling, Computer Technologies and Information Security</p></bio><email>olga121@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1000-9650</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Demidova</surname><given-names>Anastasia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демидова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Associate Professor of Department of Probability Theory and Cyber Security</p></bio><email>demidova-av@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Bunin Yelets State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Елецкий государственный университет им. И.А. Бунина</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal Research Center “Computer Science and Control” of Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр «Информатика и управление», Российской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">RUDN University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-10-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>33</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 33, NO3 (2025)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 33, №3 (2025)</issue-title><fpage>272</fpage><lpage>283</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-10-28"><day>28</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Vasilyeva I.I., Druzhinina O.V., Masina O.N., Demidova A.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Васильева И.И., Дружинина О.В., Масина О.Н., Демидова А.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vasilyeva I.I., Druzhinina O.V., Masina O.N., Demidova A.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Васильева И.И., Дружинина О.В., Масина О.Н., Демидова А.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/miph/article/view/46737">https://journals.rudn.ru/miph/article/view/46737</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Current research areas of dynamic migration and population models include the analysis of trajectory dynamics and solving parametric optimization problems using computer methods. In this paper we consider the population model “prey-migration area-predator-superpredator”, which is given by a system of four differential equations. The model takes into account trophic interactions, intraspecific and interspecific competition, as well as migration of the prey to the refuge. Using differential evolution parameters are found that ensure the coexistence of populations of prey, predator and superpredator, respectively, in the main habitat and the existence of a population of prey in a refuge. The transition to stochastic variants of the model based on additive noise, multiplicative noise and the method of constructing self-consistent models is performed. To describe the structure of the stochastic model the Fokker-Planck equations are used and a transition to a system of equations in the Langevin form is performed. Numerical solution of stochastic systems of differential equations is implemented by the Euler-Maruyama method. Computer experiments are conducted using a Python software package, and trajectories for deterministic and stochastic cases are constructed. A comparative analysis of deterministic model and corresponding stochastic models is carried out. The results can be used in solving problems of mathematical modeling of biological, ecological, physical, chemical and demographic processes.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>К актуальным направлениям исследования динамических миграционно-популяционных моделей относятся анализ траекторной динамики и решение задач параметрической оптимизации с применением компьютерных методов. В настоящей работе рассматривается популяционная модель «жертва-ареал миграции-хищник-суперхищник», которая задаётся системой четырёх дифференциальных уравнений. В модели учитываются трофические взаимодействия, внутривидовая и межвидовая конкуренция, а также миграция жертвы в убежище. С помощью дифференциальной эволюции найдены параметры, обеспечивающие сосуществование популяций жертвы, хищника и суперхищника соответственно в основном ареале обитания и существование популяции жертвы в убежище. Выполнен переход к стохастическим вариантам модели на основе аддитивных шумов, мультипликативных шумов и метода построения самосогласованных моделей. Для описания структуры стохастической модели использованы уравнения Фоккера-Планка и выполнен переход к системе уравнений в форме Ланжевена. Численное решение стохастических систем дифференциальных уравнений реализовано методом Эйлера-Маруямы. С помощью программного комплекса на языке Python проведены компьютерные эксперименты, построены траектории для детерминированного и стохастических случаев. Проведён сравнительный анализ детерминированной и соответствующих ей стохастических моделей. Результаты могут найти применение при решении задач математического моделирования биологических, экологических, физических, химических и демографических процессов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>system of differential equations</kwd><kwd>migration flows</kwd><kwd>stochastization</kwd><kwd>method of constructing self-consistent models</kwd><kwd>differential evolution</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>система дифференциальных уравнений</kwd><kwd>миграционные потоки</kwd><kwd>стохастизация</kwd><kwd>метод построения самосогласованных моделей</kwd><kwd>дифференциальная эволюция</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta><fn-group/></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Parshad, R. D., Wickramasooriya, S., Antwi-Fordjour, K. &amp; Banerjee, A. Additional Food Causes Predators to Explode - Unless the Predators Compete. 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