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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Discrete and Continuous Models and Applied Computational Science</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Discrete and Continuous Models and Applied Computational Science</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Discrete and Continuous Models and Applied Computational Science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2658-4670</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2658-7149</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">26138</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2658-4670-2021-29-1-22-35</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Study of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on international air transportation</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Исследование влияния пандемии COVID-19 на международные авиаперевозки</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shchetinin</surname><given-names>Eugeny Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щетинин</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Lecturer of Department of Mathematics</p></bio><email>riviera-molto@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Financial University under the Government of Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Финансовый университет при Правительстве Российской Федерации</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-03-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 29, NO1 (2021)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 29, №1 (2021)</issue-title><fpage>22</fpage><lpage>35</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-03-30"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Shchetinin E.Y.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Щетинин Е.Ю.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shchetinin E.Y.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Щетинин Е.Ю.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/miph/article/view/26138">https://journals.rudn.ru/miph/article/view/26138</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p style="text-align: justify;">Time Series Forecasting has always been a very important area of research in many domains because many different types of data are stored as time series. Given the growing availability of data and computing power in the recent years, Deep Learning has become a fundamental part of the new generation of Time Series Forecasting models, obtaining excellent results.As different time series problems are studied in many different fields, a large number of new architectures have been developed in recent years. This has also been simplified by the growing availability of open source frameworks, which make the development of new custom network components easier and faster.In this paper three different Deep Learning Architecture for Time Series Forecasting are presented: Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), that are the most classical and used architecture for Time Series Forecasting problems; Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), that are an evolution of RNNs developed in order to overcome the vanishing gradient problem; Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), that are another evolution of RNNs, similar to LSTM.The article is devoted to modeling and forecasting the cost of international air transportation in a pandemic using deep learning methods. The author builds time series models of the American Airlines (AAL) stock prices for a selected period using LSTM, GRU, RNN recurrent neural networks models and compare the accuracy forecast results.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">Прогнозирование временных рядов играет важную роль во многих областях исследований. Вследствие растущей доступности данных и вычислительных мощностей в последние годы глубокое обучение стало фундаментальной частью нового поколения моделей прогнозирования временных рядов, получающих отличные результаты.В данной работе представлены три различные архитектуры глубокого обучения для прогнозирования временных рядов: рекуррентные нейронные сети (RNN), которые являются наиболее известной и используемой архитектурой для задач прогнозирования временных рядов; долгая краткосрочная память (LSTM), которая представляет собой обобщённую и развитую РНС, разработанную для преодоления проблемы исчезающего градиента; закрытый рекуррентный блок (GRU), который является ещё одной эволюционной моделью РНС.Статья посвящена моделированию и прогнозированию стоимости международных авиаперевозок в условиях пандемии с использованием методов глубокого обучения и моделей рекуррентных сетей. В работе построены модели временных рядов цен акций American Airlines (AAL) с использованием моделей рекуррентных нейронных сетей LSTM, GRU, RNN и проведён сравнительный анализ результатов точности прогноза на выбранный период. Его результаты показали эффективность применения алгоритмов глубокого обучения для оценивания точности прогнозирования временных рядов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>neural networks</kwd><kwd>financial forecasting</kwd><kwd>deep learning</kwd><kwd>international air travel</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нейронные сети</kwd><kwd>финансовое прогнозирование</kwd><kwd>глубокое обучение</kwd><kwd>международные авиаперевозки</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>J. D. A. Hamilton, The time series analysis. Princeton New Jersey: University Press, 1994.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>C. 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