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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Discrete and Continuous Models and Applied Computational Science</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Discrete and Continuous Models and Applied Computational Science</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Discrete and Continuous Models and Applied Computational Science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2658-4670</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2658-7149</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">22702</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2658-4670-2019-27-3-231-241</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Modeling and Simulation</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Математическое моделирование</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Geodesic motion near self-gravitating scalar field configurations</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Геодезическое движение вблизи самогравитирующих конфигураций скалярного поля</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Potashov</surname><given-names>Ivan M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поташов</surname><given-names>Иван Михайлович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Master of Science in Mathematics, Assistant of Department of General Mathematics and Mathematical Physics</p></bio><email>potashov.im@tversu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tchemarina</surname><given-names>Julia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чемарина</surname><given-names>Юлия Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Assistant of professor of Department of General Mathematics and Mathematical Physics</p></bio><email>chemarina.yv@tversu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsirulev</surname><given-names>Alexander N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цирулев</surname><given-names>Александр Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor of Department of General Mathematics and Mathematical Physics</p></bio><email>tsirulev.an@tversu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Tver State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Тверской государственный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 27, NO3 (2019)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 27, №3 (2019)</issue-title><fpage>231</fpage><lpage>241</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-01-22"><day>22</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2019, Potashov I.M., Tchemarina J.V., Tsirulev A.N.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2019, Поташов И.М., Чемарина Ю.В., Цирулев А.Н.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Potashov I.M., Tchemarina J.V., Tsirulev A.N.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Поташов И.М., Чемарина Ю.В., Цирулев А.Н.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/miph/article/view/22702">https://journals.rudn.ru/miph/article/view/22702</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>We study the geodesics motion of neutral test particles in the static spherically symmetric spacetimes of black holes and naked singularities supported by a selfgravitating real scalar field. The scalar field is supposed to model dark matter surrounding some strongly gravitating object such as the centre of our Galaxy. The behaviour of timelike and null geodesics very close to the centre of such a configuration crucially depends on the type of spacetime. It turns out that a scalar field black hole, analogously to a Schwarzschild black hole, has the innermost stable circular orbit and the (unstable) photon sphere, but their radii are always less than the corresponding ones for the Schwarzschild black hole of the same mass; moreover, these radii can be arbitrarily small. In contrast, a scalar field naked singularity has neither the innermost stable circular orbit nor the photon sphere. Instead, such a configuration has a spherical shell of test particles surrounding its origin and remaining in quasistatic equilibrium all the time. We also show that the characteristic properties of null geodesics near the centres of a scalar field naked singularity and a scalar field black hole of the same mass are qualitatively different.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В работе изучается геодезическое движение нейтральных пробных частиц в пространстве-времени статических сферически-симметричных чёрных дыр и голых сингулярностей, порождённых самогравитирующим скалярным полем. Предполагается, что скалярное поле моделирует тёмную материю, окружающую некоторый объект с сильным гравитационным полем, такой как центр нашей Галактики. Поведение времениподобных и изотропных геодезических, проходящих очень близко к центру такой конфигурации, в решающей степени зависит от типа пространства-времени. Оказывается, что скалярно-полевая чёрная дыра, подобно чёрной дыре Шварцшильда, имеет последнюю устойчивую круговую орбиту и (неустойчивую) фотонную сферу, но их радиусы всегда меньше соответствующих радиусов для чёрной дыры Шварцшильда той же массы; кроме того, эти радиусы могут быть сколь угодно малыми. Напротив, голая сингулярность, порождённая скалярным полем, не имеет ни последней устойчивой круговой орбиты, ни фотонной сферы. Вместо этого такая конфигурация имеет сферическую оболочку из частиц, окружающую её центр и всё время находящуюся в квазистатическом равновесии. Также показано, что характерные свойства изотропных геодезических вблизи центра скалярного поля голой сингулярности и центра скалярного поля чёрной дыры, имеющих одинаковую массу качественно различны.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>geodesic</kwd><kwd>black hole</kwd><kwd>naked singularity</kwd><kwd>scalar field</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>геодезическая</kwd><kwd>чёрная дыра</kwd><kwd>голая сингулярность</kwd><kwd>скалярное поле</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>The EHT collaboration, “First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole,” The Astrophysical Journal Letters, vol. 875, no. 1, 2019. DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ab0ec7.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>R. Shaikh, P. Kocherlakota, R. Narayan, and P. S. 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