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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Медицина</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-0245</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-0261</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">49086</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-0245-2025-30-1-159-167</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">EEWICP</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHARMACOLOGY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФАРМАКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Antibiotic use density in trauma intensive care unit at a tertiary care hospital in Western Rajasthan</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Частота использования антибиотиков в отделении интенсивной терапии травматологического профиля в многопрофильной больнице в Западном Раджастане</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0122-0569</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Verma</surname><given-names>Deepak Kumar</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Верма</surname><given-names>Д. К.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>neeta771@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0549-0303</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gehlot</surname><given-names>Anusuya</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гехлот</surname><given-names>А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>neeta771@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7723-5882</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kumari</surname><given-names>Neeta</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кумари</surname><given-names>Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>neeta771@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0754-9049</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rathore</surname><given-names>Rajkumar</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ратхоре</surname><given-names>Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>neeta771@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Dr. Sampurnanand Medical College</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Медицинский колледж им. д-ра Сампурнананда</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-03-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">SURGERY</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ХИРУРГИЯ</issue-title><fpage>159</fpage><lpage>167</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-03-22"><day>22</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Verma D.K., Gehlot A., Kumari N., Rathore R.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Верма Д.К., Гехлот А., Кумари Н., Ратхоре Р.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Verma D.K., Gehlot A., Kumari N., Rathore R.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Верма Д.К., Гехлот А., Кумари Н., Ратхоре Р.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/medicine/article/view/49086">https://journals.rudn.ru/medicine/article/view/49086</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Relevance. The excessive use of antibiotics is a public health issue that has hampered poor and middle-income nations and is linked to rising healthcare expenses and antimicrobial resistance, which is regarded as an important risk to world health. In addition, resistance raises expenses, prolongs hospital stays for patients, and causes mortality. Defined daily dose (DDD) represents the average adult daily maintenance dose of a specific drug applied according to its primary indication. Antibiotic use density is expressed as defined daily doses/ 100 patient-days. Aim. The aim of this study is to evaluate the pattern of usage of antibiotics and to find out antibiotic use density in trauma intensive care unit (ICU). Materials and Methods. In this prospective observational study prescription data of 100 consecutive patients at admission into the trauma ICU was audited. Patients of all age of either gender admitted in the trauma ICU during the study period, which have been prescribed with antibiotics. The study was conducted over a period of eight months from August 2022 March 2023. During this period, all the included patients were followed up for their entire duration of stay in trauma ICU. Results and Discussion. The prescriptions of 100 consecutive patients admitted into the ICU were analyzed. On analyzing comorbidities it was noted that 79% were affected with contusions in brain/ intracerebral hemorrhage/ subdural hematoma followed by 5% with pnumothorax. According to DDD/100 bed days in our study piperacillin+tazobactam (10.64), cefoperazone+sulbactam (5.21), amikacin (7.5), vancomycin (3.2) and linezolid (3.2) were most consumed drugs in trauma ICU patients. Conclusion. Present study results conclude that overuse of antibiotics can cause antibiotic resistance, increased duration of stay in hospitals and reason of mortality.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Актуальность. Чрезмерное использование антибиотиков является проблемой общественного здравоохранения, которая наносит ущерб бедным и средним странам и связана с ростом расходов на здравоохранение и антимикробной резистентностью, которая рассматривается как важный риск для здоровья населения во всем мире. Кроме того, резистентность увеличивает расходы, продлевает пребывание пациентов в больнице и приводит к смертности. Определенная суточная доза (ОСД) представляет собой среднюю суточную поддерживающую дозу конкретного препарата для взрослых, применяемую в соответствии с его основным показанием. Плотность использования антибиотиков выражается как определенные суточные дозы/100 пациенто-дней. Цель. Цель данного исследования - оценить характер использования антибиотиков и определить частоту их применения в отделении интенсивной терапии травматологических больных (ОИТТ). Материалы и методы. В этом проспективном обсервационном исследовании были проанализированы данные о назначениях антибиотиков 100 пациентам, последовательно поступившим в ОИТТ травматологических больных. В исследование были включены пациенты всех возрастов и обоих полов, поступившие в ОИТТ в течение периода исследования, которым были назначены антибиотики. Исследование проводилось в течение восьми месяцев, с августа 2022 по март 2023 года. В течение этого периода все включенные пациенты наблюдались на протяжении всего периода пребывания в ОИТТ. Результаты и обсуждение. При анализе сопутствующих заболеваний было отмечено, что у 79% пациентов наблюдались ушибы головного мозга/внутримозговое кровоизлияние/субдуральная гематома, а у 5% - пневмоторакс. Согласно данным ОСД/100 койко-дней, в нашем исследовании наиболее часто используемыми препаратами у пациентов травматологического отделения интенсивной терапии были пиперациллин+тазобактам (10,64), цефоперазон+сульбактам (5,21), амикацин (7,5), ванкомицин (3,2) и линезолид (3,2). Выводы. Результаты настоящего исследования показывают, что чрезмерное использование антибиотиков может привести к развитию антибиотикорезистентности, увеличению продолжительности пребывания в больнице и повышению смертности.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>antibiotics use density</kwd><kwd>trauma ICU</kwd><kwd>antibiotics resistance</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>плотность использования антибиотиков</kwd><kwd>травматологическое отделение интенсивной терапии</kwd><kwd>антибиотикорезистентность</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta><fn-group/></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>WHO. 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