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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Медицина</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-0245</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-0261</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">49084</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-0245-2025-30-1-124-138</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">DNCDTM</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INFECTIOUS DISEASES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНФЕКЦИОННЫЕ БОЛЕЗНИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Virus-induced changes in peroxisomal markers among HIV-infected patients</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вирусиндуцированные изменения пероксисомальных маркеров при ВИЧ-инфекции</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2822-1297</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6162-9574</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Butorov</surname><given-names>Evgeny V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Буторов</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>butorov888@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Municipal Center for HIV/AIDS prophylaxis</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Центр профилактики и борьбы со СПИД</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-03-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">SURGERY</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ХИРУРГИЯ</issue-title><fpage>124</fpage><lpage>138</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-03-22"><day>22</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Butorov E.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Буторов Е.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Butorov E.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Буторов Е.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/medicine/article/view/49084">https://journals.rudn.ru/medicine/article/view/49084</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Relevance. It is been currently known that viruses rewire the metabolic machinery host’s cell to promote successful viral replication via reprogramming host energy flows, resource, metabolic tools and further, the reorganization of cellular structures. Recent studies indicate that the human immunodeficiency virus significantly reduces the number of peroxisomes in infected cells. However, there is still no clear understanding of the reasons for this apparent HIV intervention. The aim of the study was to confirm the hypothesis about the causes of the decrease in the number of peroxisomes in HIV infection. In this study, changes in several hematological markers of peroxisomal metabolism were assessed in connection with data on the unique role of these organelles in the catabolism of the amino acid L-lysine, the level of which correlates with the level of viral RNA in the blood plasma of HIV-infected individuals. Materials and Methods. A study was conducted on the levels of total cholesterol, catalase, L-lysine, and its derivative L-carnitine among HIV-infected individuals (controllers and patients with rapidly progressive disease) in comparison with similar indicators in cohorts of HIV-infected patients and healthy individuals. Results and Discussion. The study confirms the presence of significant differences in plasma levels of markers associated with peroxisomal metabolism, such as catalase, cholesterol, and the amino acid L-lysine, in the compared groups of HIV controllers and patients with rapidly progressing disease. The most negative changes in peroxisomal markers were detected among patients with accelerated HIV disease progression and, to a lesser extent, in individuals from the overall cohort. Conclusion. The results of this study indicate that HIV interference with host peroxisome biogenesis is accompanied by a concomitant dysregulation of peroxisomal enzyme systems and L-lysine-related substrates. Virus-induced reprogramming of the catabolism of this essential amino acid indirectly confirms the hypothesis of a key role of L-lysine in the HIV life cycle and is a factor in the successful implementation of the reproductive strategy of the human immunodeficiency virus.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Актуальность. Общеизвестно, что для успешной реализации своего жизненного цикла вирусы перестраивают метаболический аппарат клетки хозяина посредством перепрограммирования потоков энергии, ресурсов и метаболических инструментов клетки с последующей реорганизацией клеточных структур. Результаты недавних исследований свидетельствуют, что вирус иммунодефицита человека значительно снижает количество пероксисом в инфицированных клетках. Однако до сих пор нет четкого понимания очевидного вмешательства ВИЧ в этот процесс. Цель нашего исследования - подтвердить предположение о причинах снижения количества пероксисом при ВИЧ-инфекции. В настоящем исследовании проведена оценка изменений некоторых гематологических маркеров метаболизма пероксисом в связи с данными об уникальной роли этих органелл в катаболизме аминокислоты L-лизина, уровень которого корреллирует с уровнем РНК вируса в плазме крови ВИЧ-инфицированных лиц. Материалы и методы. Проведено исследование уровней общего холестерина, каталазы, L-лизина и его производного L-карнитина среди ВИЧ-инфицированных (контролеры и пациенты с быстро прогрессирующим заболеванием) в сравнении с аналогичными показателями когорт ВИЧ-инфицированных пациентов и здоровых лиц. Результаты и обсуждение. Исследование подтверждает наличие существенных различий в плазменных уровнях маркеров, связанных с метаболизмом пероксисом, таких как каталаза, холестерин и аминокислота L-лизин в сравниваемых группах ВИЧ-контроллеров и пациентов с быстро прогрессирующим заболеванием. Наиболее негативные изменения пероксисомальных маркеров были выявлены среди пациентов с ускоренным прогрессированием ВИЧ-инфекции и, в меньшей степени, у лиц из общей когорты. Выводы. Результаты настоящего исследования свидетельствуют о том, что вмешательство ВИЧ в биогенез пероксисом хозяина сопровождается сопутствующим нарушением регуляции систем пероксисомальных ферментов и субстратов, связанных с L-лизином. Вирусиндуцированное перепрограммирование катаболизма данной эссенциальной аминокислоты косвенно подтверждает гипотезу о ключевой роли L-лизина в жизненном цикле ВИЧ и является фактором успешной реализации репродуктивной стратегии вируса иммунодефицита человека.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>HIV</kwd><kwd>peroxisomes</kwd><kwd>L-lysine amino acid</kwd><kwd>cholesterol</kwd><kwd>catalase</kwd><kwd>HIV controllers</kwd><kwd>HIV rapid progressors</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ВИЧ</kwd><kwd>пероксисомы</kwd><kwd>аминокислота L-лизин</kwd><kwd>холестерин</kwd><kwd>каталаза</kwd><kwd>ВИЧ-контроллеры</kwd><kwd>ВИЧ-прогрессоры</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta><fn-group/></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Sanchez LE, Lagunof M. Review. Viral activation of cellular metabolism. 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