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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Медицина</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-0245</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-0261</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">49083</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-0245-2025-30-1-114-123</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">DHLPEM</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DERMATOLOGY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДЕРМАТОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Effect of polydeoxyribonucleotide therapy on the regeneration of long-term non-healing postoperative skin defects</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Влияние терапии полидезоксирибонуклеотидами на регенерацию длительно незаживающих послеоперационных дефектов кожи</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6995-3975</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1882-2530</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Baranovskiy</surname><given-names>Alexey G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барановский</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>dr.dga@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2544-7696</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5321-1246</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shapovalova</surname><given-names>Yelena Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шаповалова</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>dr.dga@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7044-1122</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5489-8880</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Baranovskiy</surname><given-names>Yuri G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барановский</surname><given-names>Ю. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>dr.dga@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3691-5531</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzminov</surname><given-names>Boris I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузьминов</surname><given-names>Б. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>dr.dga@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2602-0504</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8506-5169</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Harchenko</surname><given-names>Svetlana V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Харченко</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>dr.dga@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9297-9038</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4062-5030</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lugin</surname><given-names>Igor A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лугин</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>dr.dga@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8448-5476</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9887-7150</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kutuzova</surname><given-names>Lilian A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кутузова</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>dr.dga@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6451-7285</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6630-3245</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sataieva</surname><given-names>Tatiana P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сатаева</surname><given-names>Т. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>dr.dga@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0567-4616</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8207-3560</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Popov</surname><given-names>Sergey V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попов</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>dr.dga@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7114-4050</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4820-1340</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bakhtiyarov</surname><given-names>Kamil R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бахтияров</surname><given-names>К. Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>dr.dga@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6870-0211</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1733-3479</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yuferov</surname><given-names>Daniil Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юферов</surname><given-names>Д. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>dr.dga@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8447-2600</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5157-0177</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Demyashkin</surname><given-names>Grigory A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демяшкин</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>dr.dga@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Vemadsky Crimean Federal University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Крымский федеральный университет имени В.И. Вернадского</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">RUDN University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-03-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">SURGERY</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ХИРУРГИЯ</issue-title><fpage>114</fpage><lpage>123</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-03-22"><day>22</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Baranovskiy A.G., Shapovalova Y.Y., Baranovskiy Y.G., Kuzminov B.I., Harchenko S.V., Lugin I.A., Kutuzova L.A., Sataieva T.P., Popov S.V., Bakhtiyarov K.R., Yuferov D.Y., Demyashkin G.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Барановский А.Г., Шаповалова Е.Ю., Барановский Ю.Г., Кузьминов Б.И., Харченко С.В., Лугин И.А., Кутузова Л.А., Сатаева Т.П., Попов С.В., Бахтияров К.Р., Юферов Д.Ю., Демяшкин Г.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Baranovskiy A.G., Shapovalova Y.Y., Baranovskiy Y.G., Kuzminov B.I., Harchenko S.V., Lugin I.A., Kutuzova L.A., Sataieva T.P., Popov S.V., Bakhtiyarov K.R., Yuferov D.Y., Demyashkin G.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Барановский А.Г., Шаповалова Е.Ю., Барановский Ю.Г., Кузьминов Б.И., Харченко С.В., Лугин И.А., Кутузова Л.А., Сатаева Т.П., Попов С.В., Бахтияров К.Р., Юферов Д.Ю., Демяшкин Г.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/medicine/article/view/49083">https://journals.rudn.ru/medicine/article/view/49083</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Relevance. Chronic wound healing currently remains a serious problem due to its frequency and associated complications. Polydeoxyribonucleotide therapy, which promotes angiogenesis and tissue regeneration, offers a promising treatment. Aim: to analyze the proliferative and apoptotic activity of regenerative wound surface cells in biopsy samples of long-term non-healing postoperative skin defects at the stages of its healing during polydeoxyribonucleotide therapy. Materials and Methods. We used 24 C57/B1 white mice aged 4-6 months weight 32 ± 0.01g, divided into control (n = 12) and main (n = 12) groups. In the main group 0,38 ml of polydeoxyribonucleotide solution was injected into the bottom and around the surgical ischemic skin defect. On days 4, 7, 10, and 12 after wound modeling, biopsies were embedded in paraffin, stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Biopsy cells in a state of mitotic division, proapoptosis, and with expression of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 gene were identified immunohistochemically using primary antibodies Ki-67 (Monoclonal rabbit [SP6] Cell Marque, USA), p53 (Polyclonal rabbit, (GTX50438) GeneTex Inc, USA) and Bcl-2 ([N1N2), (GTX100064) GeneTex Inc, USA), respectively. Secondary antibodies (HiDef Detection™ HRP Polymer system, Cell Marque, USA) conjugated with horseradish peroxidase, were used as secondary antibodies. To adequately represent the structure of the regeneration, the biopsy sections were additionally stained with Mayer’s hematoxylin. The index of antigen-positive cells was determined by counting their number per 100 cells at a microscope magnification ×1350, followed by calculation of the index as a percentage. Statistical analysis included testing for normal distribution using the Shapiro-Wilk test, the Mann-Whitney test for pairwise comparisons, and group data were described using the median, first and third quartiles (interquartile range). Results and Discussion. By day 12 in the main group, the granulation tissue of the biopsy specimens was at the beginning of the third stage of the wound process, while in the control group the second stage of the wound process continued. A stable cell population was formed in the main group 2 days earlier than in the control group. Conclusion. Polydeoxyribonucleotide therapy turned out to be safe and tolerable and accelerated the healing of long-term non-healing postoperative skin defects by 16,67±0,01% by stimulating the proliferative activity of dermal fibroblasts, regulating the expression of the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2 and the proapoptotic gene p53 in fibroblast differon cells.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Актуальность. Лечение хронических ран на сегодняшний день остается серьезной проблемой ввиду их распространенности и сопутствующих осложнений. Терапия полидезоксирибонуклеотидами, способствующая ангиогенезу и регенерации тканей, является перспективным методом лечения. Цель: анализ пролиферативной и апоптотической активности клеток регенераторного гистиона в биоптатах длительно незаживающих послеоперационных дефектов кожи на этапах заживления на фоне терапии полидезоксирибонуклеотидами. Материалы и методы. В работе использовали 24 белых мыши линии C57/Bl в возрасте 4-6 месяцев и весом 32 ± 0,01 г, разделенных на контрольную (n = 12) и основную (n = 12) группы. В основной группе 0,38 мл раствора полидезоксирибонуклеотидов вводили в дно и края хирургического ишемизированного дефекта кожи. На 4, 7, 10 и 12-е сутки после моделирования раны биоптаты заливали в парафин и окрашивали гематоксилином и эозином. Клетки биоптатов в состоянии митотического деления, проапоптоза и с экспрессией антиапоптотического гена Bcl-2 выявляли иммуногистохимически с использованием первичных антител Ki-67 (моноклональные кроличьи [SP6] Cell Marque, США), p53 (поликлональные кроличьи [GTX50438] GeneTex Inc, США) и Bcl-2 ([N1N2], [GTX100064] GeneTex Inc, США) соответственно. В качестве вторичных антител использовали систему HiDef Detection™ HRP Polymer (Cell Marque, США), конъюгированную с пероксидазой хрена. Для адекватной визуализации структуры регенерата срезы биоптатов дополнительно докрашивали гематоксилином Майера. Индекс антиген-положительных клеток определяли путем их подсчета на 100 клеток при увеличении микроскопа ×1350 с последующим расчетом индекса в процентах. Статистический анализ включал проверку на нормальность распределения с помощью теста Шапиро-Уилка и использование критерия Манна-Уитни для попарных сравнений; данные групп описывали с помощью медианы, первого и третьего квартилей (межквартильный размах). Результаты и обсуждение. К 12-м суткам в основной группе грануляционная ткань биоптатов находилась в начале третьей фазы раневого процесса, тогда как в контрольной группе продолжалась вторая фаза раневого процесса. Стабильная клеточная популяция в основной группе сформировалась на 2 дня раньше, чем в контрольной. Выводы. Терапия полидезоксирибонуклеотидами оказалась безопасной и хорошо переносимой; она ускорила заживление длительно незаживающих послеоперационных дефектов кожи на 16,67 ± 0,01% за счет стимуляции пролиферативной активности фибробластов дермы, регуляции экспрессии антиапоптотического гена Bcl-2 и проапоптотического гена p53 в клетках фибробластического дифферона.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>polynucleotides</kwd><kwd>long-term non-healing postoperative skin defects</kwd><kwd>wound process</kwd><kwd>proliferation</kwd><kwd>apoptosis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>полинуклеотиды</kwd><kwd>длительно незаживающие послеоперационные дефекты кожи</kwd><kwd>раневой процесс</kwd><kwd>пролиферация</kwd><kwd>апоптоз</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta><fn-group/></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Health care in Russia 2022–2023: urgent measures in the context of a special situation in the economy and social sphere. 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