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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Медицина</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-0245</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-0261</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">46813</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-0245-2025-29-1-57-72</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">FLEOKU</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHYSIOLOGY. EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ. ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНАЯ ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Individual tolerance to hypoxia: indicators, application and methods of determination</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Индивидуальная толерантность к гипоксии: индикаторы, прикладное значение и методы определения</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8960-5772</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8881-1892</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Venerin</surname><given-names>Andrey A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Венерин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>venerin.andrey@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2639-6253</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2025-4697</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zapara</surname><given-names>Maxim A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Запара</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>venerin.andrey@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4028-6405</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2134-6830</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhalishchina</surname><given-names>Alina S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михалищина</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>venerin.andrey@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4763-5321</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pupo Macharashvili</surname><given-names>David</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пупо Мачарашвили</surname><given-names>Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>venerin.andrey@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9960-6608</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6168-2110</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Glazachev</surname><given-names>Oleg S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Глазачев</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>venerin.andrey@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Sechenovskiy University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-10-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">PHYSIOLOGY. EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ. ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНАЯ ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ</issue-title><fpage>57</fpage><lpage>72</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-11-01"><day>01</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Venerin A.A., Zapara M.A., Mikhalishchina A.S., Pupo Macharashvili D., Glazachev O.S.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Венерин А.А., Запара М.А., Михалищина А.С., Пупо Мачарашвили Д., Глазачев О.С.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Venerin A.A., Zapara M.A., Mikhalishchina A.S., Pupo Macharashvili D., Glazachev O.S.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Венерин А.А., Запара М.А., Михалищина А.С., Пупо Мачарашвили Д., Глазачев О.С.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/medicine/article/view/46813">https://journals.rudn.ru/medicine/article/view/46813</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Relevance . Human resistance to hypoxia is the most important characteristic of the organism that determines its performance, risk of development and severity of cardiovascular, pulmonological and neurodegenerative diseases. Hypoxia, being a typical pathological process, is one of the key links in the pathogenesis of many acute and chronic conditions, leading to delayed consequences and significantly reducing the quality of life of patients. Hypoxic tolerance is determined by many factors, including genetic features, physiological mechanisms and external conditions. Various methods such as hypoxia tests, functional tests, etc. are used to determine individual tolerance to hypoxia. These methods make it possible to assess the degree of the organism’s tolerance to hypoxia and to determine optimal training and treatment regimes. The study of correlations between individual sensitivity indices and hypoxic resistance is widely covered in the literature, but in most cases, authors pay attention to one or several aspects of these interactions, without conducting a comprehensive analysis of various indicators. The purpose of the study is to actualize and structure the available information on the indicators of individual sensitivity to hypoxia, methods of objective assessment of human hypoxia resistance, as well as the applied significance of this characteristic of the human organism for clinical medicine and related sciences. Research Methods. The team of authors conducted a content analysis of domestic and foreign scientific publications in Russian and international databases. Results and Discussion . A consistent structural analysis of the available current data on indicators of hypoxic resistance and their relationship with hypoxic resistance is presented. Variations in the methods of hypoxic resistance determination currently used in clinical practice are considered. Conclusion. The literature review on the topic of individual hypoxia tolerance shows that the study of this phenomenon is an actual and multifaceted direction of modern science. Complex evaluation of individual hypoxia tolerance indicators will allow to predict the patient’s organism reaction to hypoxia accurately enough before the instrumental examination, and also will allow to rethink modern instrumental methods of evaluation and increase of organism resistance to hypoxia, widely used in clinical and sports medicine.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Актуальность. Устойчивость человека к гипоксии является важнейшей характеристикой организма, определяющей его работоспособность, риск развития и тяжесть течения сердечно-сосудистых, пульмонологических и нейродегенеративных заболеваний. Гипоксия, являясь типовым патологическим процессом, представляет одно из ключевых звеньев патогенеза многих острых и хронических состояний, приводящих к отсроченным последствиям и существенно снижающих качество жизни пациентов. Гипоксическая устойчивость определяется множеством факторов, включая генетические особенности, физиологические механизмы и внешние условия. Для определения индивидуальной толерантности к гипоксии используются различные методы, такие как гипоксические тесты, функциональные пробы и др. Эти методы позволяют оценить степень устойчивости организма к гипоксии и определить оптимальные режимы тренировок и лечения. Изучение корреляций между показателями индивидуальной чувствительности и гипоксической устойчивостью широко освещено в литературе, однако в большинстве случаев авторы уделяют внимание одному или нескольким аспектам данных взаимодействий, без проведения комплексного анализа различных показателей. Цель исследования - актуализирование и структурирование имеющейся информации об индикаторах индивидуальной чувствительности к гипоксии, применяемых методах объективной оценки устойчивости человека к гипоксии, а также прикладном значении данной характеристики организма человека для клинической медицины и смежных наук. Методы исследования. Коллективом авторов был проведен контент-анализ отечественных и зарубежных научных публикаций в российских и международных базах данных. Результаты и обсуждение. Представлен последовательный структурный анализ имеющихся актуальных данных об индикаторах гипоксической устойчивости и их взаимосвязи с гипоксической резистентностью. Рассмотрены вариации методик определения гипоксической устойчивости, применяемых в настоящий момент в клинической практике. Выводы . Обзор литературы по теме индивидуальной толерантности к гипоксии показывает, что изучение этого феномена является актуальным и многогранным направлением современной науки. Комплексная оценка индикаторов индивидуальной чувствительности к гипоксии позволит еще до проведения инструментального обследования достаточно точно спрогнозировать реакцию организма пациента на гипоксию, а также позволит переосмыслить современные инструментальные методики оценки и повышения резистентности организма к гипоксии, широко используемые в клинической и спортивной медицине</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hypoxia</kwd><kwd>saturation</kwd><kwd>cognitive functions</kwd><kwd>rehabilitation</kwd><kwd>hypoxic conditioning</kwd><kwd>individual resistance</kwd><kwd>adaptation</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гипоксия</kwd><kwd>сатурация</kwd><kwd>когнитивные функции</kwd><kwd>реабилитация</kwd><kwd>гипоксическое кондиционирование</kwd><kwd>индивидуальная устойчивость</kwd><kwd>адаптация</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta><fn-group/></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Post TE, Heijn LG, Jordan J, van Gerven JMA. 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