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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Медицина</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-0245</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-0261</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">42009</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-0245-2024-28-4-439-451</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">GPDHAP</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ONCOLOGY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОНКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Tumor hybrid cells in non-small cell lung cancer: population structure and contribution to prognosis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Опухолевые гибридные клетки при немелкоклеточном раке лёгкого: популяционный состав и клиническая значимость</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5475-5981</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4201-0611</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khozyainova</surname><given-names>Anna A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хозяинова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>max89me@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4630-4934</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6929-4298</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Menyailo</surname><given-names>Maxim E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Меняйло</surname><given-names>М. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>max89me@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5040-931X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5207-8330</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tretyakova</surname><given-names>Maria S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Третьякова</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>max89me@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2179-5685</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3546-0527</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bokova</surname><given-names>Ustinia A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бокова</surname><given-names>У. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>max89me@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2633-9884</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5523-8156</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Korobeynikova</surname><given-names>Anastasia A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коробейникова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>max89me@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7283-0092</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7900-9700</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gerashchenko</surname><given-names>Tatiana S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Геращенко</surname><given-names>Т. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>max89me@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4980-8986</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7650-2129</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rodionov</surname><given-names>Evgeny O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Родионов</surname><given-names>Е. О.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>max89me@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5365-9840</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6510-9849</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Miller</surname><given-names>Sergey V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Миллер</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>max89me@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2923-9755</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9498-5797</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Denisov</surname><given-names>Evgeny V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Денисов</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>max89me@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Tomsk National Research Medical Center</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">ONCOLOGY</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ОНКОЛОГИЯ</issue-title><fpage>439</fpage><lpage>451</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-12-16"><day>16</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Khozyainova A.A., Menyailo M.E., Tretyakova M.S., Bokova U.A., Korobeynikova A.A., Gerashchenko T.S., Rodionov E.O., Miller S.V., Denisov E.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Хозяинова А.А., Меняйло М.Е., Третьякова М.С., Бокова У.А., Коробейникова А.А., Геращенко Т.С., Родионов Е.О., Миллер С.В., Денисов Е.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khozyainova A.A., Menyailo M.E., Tretyakova M.S., Bokova U.A., Korobeynikova A.A., Gerashchenko T.S., Rodionov E.O., Miller S.V., Denisov E.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хозяинова А.А., Меняйло М.Е., Третьякова М.С., Бокова У.А., Коробейникова А.А., Геращенко Т.С., Родионов Е.О., Миллер С.В., Денисов Е.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/medicine/article/view/42009">https://journals.rudn.ru/medicine/article/view/42009</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><italic>Relevance.</italic> Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer-­related mortality worldwide due to the high recurrence and metastasis rates. It is generally accepted that metastases and recurrences are formed by tumor cells with a highly invasive, stem and chemoresistant phenotype. Tumor hybrid cells (THCs) formed by the fusion of tumor cells with a wide range of normal cells: macrophages, fibroblasts, mesenchymal stem cells, etc. are considered to be potential metastasis and recurrence-­initiating cells. However, the phenotypic diversity of THCs, and their association with disease progression remain poorly understood. <italic>The aim</italic> of the study was to characterize the population composition of THCs in NSCLC and its association with clinicopathological characteristics, metastasis and recurrence. <italic>Materials and Methods</italic>. A total of 50 patients with NSCLC were included. Fresh frozen samples of tumor tissue obtained during resection and morphologically verified were used to analyze types and number of THCs. THCs were analyzed by flow cytometry in primary tumors using markers for tumor cells, cancer stem cells, leukocytes, macrophages and fibroblasts. <italic>Results and Discussion. </italic>THCs were detected in all NSCLC patients. Most THCs demonstrated leukocyte, macrophage and stem characteristics. The number and frequency of THCs depended on neoadjuvant chemotherapy. THCs with leukocyte and stem cell markers (pan-­CK<sup>+</sup>CD45<sup>+</sup>CD44<sup>+</sup>CD73<sup>+</sup>) were associated with locoregional recurrence, whereas THCs with macrophage and stem cell markers (EpCAM<sup>+</sup>CD45<sup>+</sup>CD44<sup>+</sup>CD73<sup>+</sup>CD163<sup>+</sup>) — with distant metastases. <italic>Conclusion</italic>. This study is the first to comprehensively describe the population composition of THCs in NSCLC, their association with clinicopathological characteristics, neoadjuvant chemotherapy and disease prognosis. Detection of prognostically relevant THCs could be an effective approach for predicting the risk of metastasis and recurrence of NSCLC and the basis for the development of therapy focused on the prevention of cancer progression.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>Актуальность</italic>. Немелкоклеточный рак легкого (НМРЛ) является одним из наиболее распространенных злокачественных новообразований. Основными причинами смертности от НМРЛ являются рецидивы и отдаленные метастазы. Принято считать, что метастазы и рецидивы формируются опухолевыми клетками, обладающими высоким инвазивным и химиорезистентным фенотипом. По последним данным, такими клетками могут быть опухолевые гибридные клетки, формирующиеся в результате слияния опухолевых клеток с широким спектром нормальных клеток: макрофагами, фибробластами, мезенхимальными, стволовыми клетками и т. д. Однако состав, фенотипическое разнообразие ОГК и их связь с клинико-­патологическими параметрами и прогрессированием НМРЛ остаются плохо изученными. Цель настоящего исследования — охарактеризовать популяционный состав опухолевых гибридных клеток при НМРЛ и его связь с клинико-­патологическими параметрами, метастазированием и рецидивированием. Материалы и методы. В исследование было включено 50 пациентов с НМРЛ. Использовались морфологически верифицированные свежезамороженные образцы опухолевой ткани, полученные при резекции легкого по поводу НМРЛ. Опухолевые гибридные клетки анализировали методом проточной цитофлуориметрии с использованием маркеров опухолевых клеток, опухолевых стволовых клеток, лейкоцитов, макрофагов и фибробластов. Результаты и обсуждение. Опухолевые гибридные клетки были обнаружены у всех пациентов НМРЛ. Большинство опухолевых гибридных клеток были с лейкоцитарными, макрофагальными и стволовыми признаками. Количество и частота опухолевых гибридных клеток зависели от неоадъювантной химиотерапии. Опухолевые гибридные клетки с маркерами стволовости и лейкоцитов (pan-­CK<sup>+</sup>CD45<sup>+</sup>CD44<sup>+</sup>CD73<sup>+</sup>) были связаны с локорегионарными рецидивами, тогда как ОГК с маркерами стволовости и макрофагов (EpCAM<sup>+</sup>CD45<sup>+</sup>CD44<sup>+</sup>CD73<sup>+</sup>CD163<sup>+</sup>) — с гематогенными метастазами. Выводы. Впервые комплексно описан популяционный состав опухолевых гибридных клеток при НМРЛ и его ассоциация с клинико-­патологическими характеристиками, неоадъювантной химиотерапией и прогнозом. Выявление прогностически значимых опухолевых гибридных клеток может быть потенциальным подходом для предсказания риска метастазирования и рецидивирования НМРЛ и основанием для подбора терапии, направленной на снижение вероятности прогрессирования данного заболевания.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>tumor fusion</kwd><kwd>tumor hybrid cells</kwd><kwd>non-small cell lung cancer</kwd><kwd>flow cytometry</kwd><kwd>metastasis</kwd><kwd>recurrence</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>опухолевые гибридные клетки</kwd><kwd>немелкоклеточный рак легкого</kwd><kwd>проточная цитофлуориметрия</kwd><kwd>метастазирование</kwd><kwd>рецидивирование</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (grant № 22–75–00120).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда (проект № 22–75–00120).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, Laversanne M, Soerjomataram I, Jemal A, Bray F. 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