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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Медицина</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-0245</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-0261</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">37169</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-0245-2023-27-4-428-440</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">JUJSDO</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHYSIOLOGY. EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ. ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНАЯ ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Monitoring of Neuromuscular block during emergency abdominal surgery</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Мониторинг нейро-мышечного блока при экстренной абдоминальной хирургии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7058-5021</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dhunputh</surname><given-names>Neelam</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Данпут</surname><given-names>Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>dhunputhneelam@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4272-0957</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>Marina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>dhunputhneelam@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3467-7170</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Moroz</surname><given-names>Victor V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мороз</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>dhunputhneelam@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4462-1530</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Butrov</surname><given-names>Andrey V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бутров</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>dhunputhneelam@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1972-7336</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Magomedov</surname><given-names>Marat A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Магомедов</surname><given-names>М. Ф.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>dhunputhneelam@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">RUDN University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">PHYSIOLOGY. EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ. ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНАЯ ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ</issue-title><fpage>428</fpage><lpage>440</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-12-22"><day>22</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Dhunputh N., Petrova M.V., Moroz V.V., Butrov A.V., Magomedov M.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Данпут Н., Петрова М.В., Мороз В.В., Бутров А.В., Магомедов М.Ф.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dhunputh N., Petrova M.V., Moroz V.V., Butrov A.V., Magomedov M.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Данпут Н., Петрова М.В., Мороз В.В., Бутров А.В., Магомедов М.Ф.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/medicine/article/view/37169">https://journals.rudn.ru/medicine/article/view/37169</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Relevance. Sixty percent of cases of residual neuromuscular block (rNMB) were recorded globally, yet this issue of rNMB in critically ill patients remains taboo. To predict any leftover NMB, a train-of-four stimulation (TOF) Watch SX was utilized to track the depth of muscle relaxant in emergency patients both during and after surgery, even when they were transported to the intensive care unit. This study aimed to investigate differences in the variability of neuromuscular block between two distinct surgical procedures: laparoscopic cholecystectomy (the control group) and emergency abdominal surgery (the investigation group). Materials and Methods. Using two different muscle relaxants and assessing their depth using accelerometry notably the TOF Watch SX. A total of 140 patients, aged 18-60 years with a BMI of 18-30 kg/m², participated in the study. Group I underwent planned cholecystectomy (control group), while Group II underwent emergency abdominal surgery (investigation group). The muscle relaxants Ridelat-C, generic of atracurium benzilate (Verofarm OOO, Harabovsk, Russia) and Kruaron, generic of rocuronium bromide (Verofarm OOO, Harabovsk, Russia) were administered, with various monitoring methods, including Drager Fabius, ECG, and lab results, Microsoft Office Professional Plus 2021 advanced with graphs and ANOVA. Results and Discussion. The results demonstrated profound skeletal muscle relaxation for planned cholecystectomy, with TOF 0 achieved at 165.9 ± 95 seconds for Kruaron and 183.3 ± 90 seconds for Ridelat-C. In emergency abdominal surgery, it took 207.1 ± 120 seconds with Kruaron and 255.5 ± 109.5 seconds with Ridelat-C at TOF0. Notably, Kruaron exhibited prolonged effects in Group II, leading to residual neuromuscular block in critically ills even 2.5 hours post-surgery. Conclusion . Neuromuscular blocking agents modestly exacerbated neuromuscular dysfunction, potentially contributing to acquired critical illness polyneuropathy/myopathy, severe sepsis/septic shock, and massive blood loss/haemorrhagic shock. In critically ills, a minimal calculated dose of Kruaron is recommended, while Ridelat-C, which metabolized within the blood plasma without involving the kidneys or liver, might be a better choice. Suggamadex was suggested for reversing Kruaron effects due to its rapid effect as compared to proserine.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">Актуальность . Во всем мире зарегистрировано около шестидесяти процентов случаев остаточной нервно-мышечной блокады (рНМБ), но вопрос о рНМБ у пациентов в критическом состоянии остается не исследованным. Для прогнозирования наличия остаточного НМБ использовался TOF Watch SX для определения глубины введения миорелаксанта у пациентов, нуждающихся в экстренном хирургическом вмешательстве во время и после операции, даже когда они были транспортированы в отделение интенсивной терапии. Цель данного исследования состояла в том, чтобы сравнить варианты нервно-мышечной блокады между плановой лапароскопической холецистэктомией и экстренной абдоминальной хирургией. В исследовании приняли участие 140 пациентов в возрасте 18-60 лет с ИМТ 18-30 кг/м². В I группе была выполнена плановая холецистэктомия (контрольная группа), во II группе - экстренная абдоминальная хирургия (исследовательская группа). Глубину миорелаксации контролировали с помощью часов TOF SX. Назначались два миорелаксанта: Риделат-С, атракурия безилат (Сотекс, компания «Деко», Москва, Россия) и Круарон, рокурония бромид (Верофарм ООО, Харабовск, Россия). Были использованы различные методы, в том числе Drager Fabius, протокол пред-анестезии, протокол исследования, протокол комбинированной эндотрахеальной анестезии, мониторинг динамики, ЭКГ, результаты лабораторных исследований, Microsoft Excel Advanced, ANOVA. Результаты и обсуждение. Результаты продемонстрировали глубокую релаксацию скелетных мышц при плановой холецистэктомии: TOF 0 достигался за 165,9 ± 95 секунд для Kruaron и 183,3 ± 90 секунд для Ridelat-C. При экстреной абдоминальной хирургии это заняло 207,1 ± 120 секунд для Kruaron и 255,5 ± 109,5 секунд для Ridelat-C при TOF0. Примечательно, что Круарон® продемонстрировал пролонгированное действие в группе II, приводя к остаточному нервно-мышечному блоку у больных в критическом состоянии даже через 2,5 часа после операции. Выводы. Н ервно-мышечные блокаторы умеренно усугубляют нервно-мышечную дисфункцию, потенциально способствуя приобретенным критическим заболеваниям: полиневропатии/миопатии, тяжелому сепсису/септическому шоку и массивной кровопотере/геморрагическому шоку. Для критических больных рекомендуется минимальная расчетная доза Круарон®, тогда как Риделат С, который метаболизируется в плазме крови, не затрагивая почки или печень, может быть лучшим выбором. Суггамадекс был предложен для устранения эффектов Круарон® из-за его быстрого эффекта по сравнению с прозерином.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>neuro muscular block monitoring</kwd><kwd>planned cholecystectomy</kwd><kwd>emergency abdominal surgery</kwd><kwd>Kruaron</kwd><kwd>Ridelat-C</kwd><kwd>Residual NMB</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мониторинг нейромышечного блока</kwd><kwd>плановая холецистэктомия</kwd><kwd>экстренная абдоминальная хирургия</kwd><kwd>Круарон</kwd><kwd>Риделат-С</kwd><kwd>остаточный нейро-мышечный блок</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was supported by the RUDN University Strategic Academic Leadership Program.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при поддержке Программы стратегического академического лидерства РУДН.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Freeman SS, Engel AG, Drachman DB. 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