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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Медицина</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-0245</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-0261</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">36099</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-0245-2023-27-3-318-328</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">QGIMBP</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Physiology</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Физиология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Techniques for assessing hearing loss in infants</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Способы оценки потери слуха у младенцев</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3511-7087</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Soni</surname><given-names>Rajeev</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сони</surname><given-names>Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>drrajeevsoni5@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8947-2036</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kacker</surname><given-names>Sudhanshu</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Какер</surname><given-names>С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>drrajeevsoni5@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3874-1459</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Saboo</surname><given-names>Neha</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сабу</surname><given-names>Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>drrajeevsoni5@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Rajasthan University of Health Sciences College of Medical Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Колледж медицинских наук Раджастанского университета медицинских наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-09-28" publication-format="electronic"><day>28</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">PHYSIOLOGY</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ</issue-title><fpage>318</fpage><lpage>328</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-09-28"><day>28</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Soni R., Kacker S., Saboo N.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Сони Р., Какер С., Сабу Н.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Soni R., Kacker S., Saboo N.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сони Р., Какер С., Сабу Н.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/medicine/article/view/36099">https://journals.rudn.ru/medicine/article/view/36099</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p style="text-align: justify;">The ability to hear is one of the five major senses that allows us to communicate effectively with others. Unfortunately, individuals frequently take their sense of hearing for granted, and they do not know how important it is until it is lost or compromised. Hearing loss was not a top concern for the Indian government until recently. Prevention, early diagnosis, and care can prevent half of all occurrences of deafness and hearing impairment. The auditory sense is critical for a child’s brain development. This will also reduce the strain of hearing loss, preventing the loss of many potentially productive years. The most cost-effective strategy to lessen the burden of hearing loss is to screen new-borns and babies. Hearing loss is the most frequent sensory deficiency in people all over the world. The severity of hearing loss can range from mild to severe. Kapoor Set al. suggested that by screening, the condition is detected earlier than it would otherwise be diagnosed. Because of the urgent need to prevent infectious causes of mortality, neonates and new-borns are not regularly checked for any specific disease in India. The Department of Prevention of Communication Disorders of All India Institute of Speech and Hearing (AIISH) located in the Southern India, conducts infant screening for hearing disorder on regular basis in different hospitals attached to it using Behavioural Observational Audiometry, Otoacoustic Emissions (OAE) screening, and administering High Risk Register (HRR). In the year 2009-2010, a total of 12416 new-borns in 10 hospitals associated with AIISH were screened for hearing disorder. The following paragraphs deals with various issues related to the hearing screening of infants in India. Methodology of study was as we searched PubMed Central and Google Scholar for relevant articles with key words «hearing, screening, hearing loss and infants». Full-text articles were downloaded dated July 2022 to September 19, 2022. Relevance was judged according to articles describing theories of hearing screening of infants India. Conclusion. Hearing screening for new-borns is critical for detecting congenital hearing loss and providing early management. Every person has the right to live a healthy lifestyle. Hearing impairment, like communication disorders, begins early in life. Infants with hearing loss will only be able to reach their full potential as fully active, contributing, and integrated members of society if systematic early screening programmes are implemented. Hearing screening for new-borns is critical for detecting congenital hearing loss. The AABR is considered necessary for HRNHS in high-risk new-borns (prematurity, anoxia, hyperbilirubinemia) who are at risk of auditory neuropathy that cannot be detected using the OAE test. The OAE test is faster and easier to conduct, but it has a larger false positive rate than the AABR. The ideal hearing procedure is still being developed. As a result, the hearing screening technique should be adapted to the specific demands of each centre.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">Актуальность. Способность слышать - одно из пяти основных чувств, позволяющих нам эффективно общаться с другими. К сожалению, люди часто воспринимают свой слух как нечто само собой разумеющееся и не осознают, насколько он важен, пока он не утрачен или не нарушен. Потеря слуха до недавнего времени не была главной проблемой индийского правительства. Профилактика, ранняя диагностика и уход могут предотвратить половину всех случаев глухоты и нарушений слуха. Слух имеет решающее значение для развития мозга ребенка. Раннее выявление потери слуха не позволит проблеме выйти из-под контроля. Наиболее экономически эффективной стратегией снижения бремени потери слуха является обследование новорожденных и младенцев. Потеря слуха является наиболее частым сенсорным дефицитом у людей во всем мире. Тяжесть потери слуха может варьироваться от легкой до тяжелой. Капур Сет др. предположили, что с помощью скрининга заболевание выявляется раньше, чем в противном случае оно было бы диагностировано. Из-за острой необходимости предотвращения инфекционных причин смертности новорожденные в Индии не проверяются регулярно на наличие каких-либо конкретных заболеваний. Отдел профилактики коммуникативных расстройств Всеиндийского института речи и слуха (AIISH), расположенный на юге Индии, регулярно проводит скрининг младенцев на нарушение слуха в различных больницах, связанных с ним, с использованием поведенческой обсервационной аудиометрии и скрининга отоакустической эмиссии (ОАЭ) и ведение Регистра высокого риска (HRR). В 2009-2010 годах в общей сложности 12 416 новорожденных в 10 больницах, связанных с AIISH, были обследованы на предмет нарушений слуха. В обзоре проанализированы различные вопросы, связанные с проверкой слуха младенцев в Индии. Методология исследования заключалась в поиске соответствующих статей в PubMed Central и Google Scholar по ключевым словам «слух, скрининг, потеря слуха и младенцы». Полнотекстовые статьи были загружены с июля 2022 г. по 19 сентября 2022 г. Релевантность оценивалась по статьям, описывающим теории скрининга слуха младенцев в Индии. Вывод. Проверка слуха у новорожденных имеет решающее значение для выявления врожденной тугоухости и обеспечения раннего лечения. Каждый человек имеет право на здоровый образ жизни. Нарушение слуха, как и расстройства общения, начинается в раннем возрасте. Младенцы с потерей слуха смогут полностью реализовать свой потенциал как полноценные, активные и интегрированные члены общества только в том случае, если будут реализованы систематические программы раннего скрининга. Скрининг слуха новорожденных имеет решающее значение для выявления врожденной тугоухости. AABR считается необходимым для HRNHS у новорожденных с высоким риском (недоношенность, аноксия, гипербилирубинемия), которые подвержены риску слуховой нейропатии, которую невозможно обнаружить с помощью теста ОАЭ. Тест ОАЭ проводится быстрее и проще, но у него более высокий уровень ложноположительных результатов, чем у AABR. Идеальная процедура проверки слуха еще находится в стадии разработки. В результате методика проверки слуха должна быть адаптирована к конкретным требованиям каждого центра.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hearing</kwd><kwd>screening</kwd><kwd>hearing loss</kwd><kwd>infants</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>слух</kwd><kwd>скрининг</kwd><kwd>потеря слуха</kwd><kwd>дети раннего возраста</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Humes LE. 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