<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Медицина</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-0245</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-0261</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">36096</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-0245-2023-27-3-285-292</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">QTVZZO</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Physiology</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Физиология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Neurophysiological cognitive assessment and its association with neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Нейрофизиологическая оценка когнитивных функций и связь с соотношением нейтрофилов и лимфоцитов</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9558-9405</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rajprabha</surname><given-names>-</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>РаджПрабха</surname><given-names>-</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>Rajprabhajp7@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4733-4271</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharma</surname><given-names>Anshul</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шарма</surname><given-names>А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>Rajprabhajp7@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1510-0982</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sorout</surname><given-names>Jitender</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сорут</surname><given-names>Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>Rajprabhajp7@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6505-4216</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kacker</surname><given-names>Sudhanshu</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Какер</surname><given-names>С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>Rajprabhajp7@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3178-6522</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Jangid</surname><given-names>Naina</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Джангид</surname><given-names>Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>Rajprabhajp7@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Rajasthan University of Health Science College of medical sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Колледж медицинских наук Раджастанского университета медицинских наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-09-28" publication-format="electronic"><day>28</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">PHYSIOLOGY</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ</issue-title><fpage>285</fpage><lpage>292</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-09-28"><day>28</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Rajprabha, Sharma A., Sorout J., Kacker S., Jangid N.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, РаджПрабха, Шарма А., Сорут Д., Какер С., Джангид Н.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rajprabha, Sharma A., Sorout J., Kacker S., Jangid N.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">РаджПрабха, Шарма А., Сорут Д., Какер С., Джангид Н.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/medicine/article/view/36096">https://journals.rudn.ru/medicine/article/view/36096</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p style="text-align: justify;">Relevance. Cognition is an important physiological and higher mental functions in human being. There are various studies showing that inflammatory condition could negatively affect fronto temporal cognitive abilities such as memory, attention and executive functions. A non-invasive test P300 a component of Auditory events related potentials and Mini mental state examination (MMSE), a questionnaire based test reflect cognitive function, and haematological parameter neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a convenient parameter of systemic inflammation. Aim of present study was to assess the cognitive function assessment by P-300, MMSE and academic performance and find an association with neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in first year medical students. Materials and Methods. This was an observational study conducted on 79 first year medical students of age group 18-25 years in the department of physiology RUHS College of medical sciences Jaipur. For cognitive assessment non-invasive test P300, MMSE and academic performance was recorded. A haematological parameter NLR was calculated by dividing the absolute neutrophil count with the absolute lymphocyte count. To find an association statistical analysis was done by MEDCALC 16.4 version software. Results and Discussion. The association between P-300 amplitude and latency and MMSE with NLR was found non-significant. Marks have a significant positive correlation with NLR (0.015). Conclusion. In the present study neurocognitive function test P-300 and MMSE found non-significant association with inflammatory marker NLR although academic performance (marks) have a significant positive correlation with NLR.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">Актуальность. Познание является важной физиологической и высшей психической функцией человека. Существуют различные исследования, показывающие, что воспалительное состояние может негативно повлиять на лобно-височные когнитивные способности, такие как память, внимание и исполнительные функции. Неинвазивный тест P300, компонент потенциалов, связанных со слуховыми событиями и минимальной оценкой психического состояния, а также тест на основе опросника отражают когнитивную функцию, а гематологический параметр соотношения нейтрофилов/ лимфоцитов является удобным параметром системного воспаления. Цель настоящего исследования состояла в том, чтобы оценить степень когнитивных функций по опроснику P-300, минимальную оценку психического состояния и академической успеваемости и найти связь с соотношением нейтрофилов и лимфоцитов у студентов-медиков первого курса. Материалы и методы. Это было обсервационное исследование, проведенное на 79 первокурсниках-медиках возрастной группы 18-25 лет на кафедре физиологии RUHS колледжа медицинских наук г. Джайпура. Для оценки когнитивных функций регистрировали ответы на не инвазивный тест P300, проводили минимальную оценку психического состояния и анализировали успеваемость. Гематологический параметр соотношения нейтрофилов/лимфоцитов рассчитывали путем деления абсолютного количества нейтрофилов на абсолютное количество лимфоцитов. Для обнаружения ассоциации был проведен статистический анализ с помощью программного обеспечения MEDCALC версии 16.4. Результаты и обсуждение. Связь между амплитудой P-300 и минимальной оценкой психического состояния с соотношением нейтрофилов/лимфоцитов оказалась незначительной. Успеваемость имеет значительную положительную корреляцию с соотношением нейтрофилов/лимфоцитов (0,015). Выводы. В настоящем исследовании тест нейрокогнитивных функций P-300 и минимальной оценки психического состояния обнаружили незначительную связь с воспалительным маркером соотношения нейтрофилов/лимфоцитов, хотя академическая успеваемость (оценки) имеет значительную положительную корреляцию с соотношением нейтрофилов/лимфоцитов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cognition</kwd><kwd>event related potential</kwd><kwd>neurocognitive function</kwd><kwd>neutrophil / lymphocyte ratio</kwd><kwd>mini mental state examination</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>познание</kwd><kwd>событийный потенциал</kwd><kwd>нейрокогнитивная функция</kwd><kwd>соотношение нейтрофилов и лимфоцитов</kwd><kwd>мини-обследование психического состояния</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Trivedi JK. Cognitive deficits in psychiatric disorders: Current status. Indian J Psychiatry. 2006;48(1):10-20. doi: 10.4103/0019-5545.31613.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Godbout JP, Johnson RW. Age and neuroinflammation: a lifetime of psychoneuroimmune consequences. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2009;29(2):321-37. doi: 10.1016/j.iac.2009.02.007.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Wronka E, Kaiser J, Coenen AM. Psychometric intelligence and P3 of the event-related potentials studied with a 3-stimulus auditory oddball task. Neurosci Lett. 2013;535:110-5. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2012.12.012.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Polich J. Updating P300: an integrative theory of P3a and P3b. Clin Neurophysiol. 2007;118(10):2128-48. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2007.04.019.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Zahorec R. Ratio of neutrophil to lymphocyte counts - rapid and simple parameter of systemic inflammation and stress in critically ill. Bratisl Lek Listy. 2001;102(1):5-14.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Bauer IE, Pascoe MC, Wollenhaupt-Aguiar B, Kapczinski F, Soares JC. Inflammatory mediators of cognitive impairment in bipolar disorder. J Psychiatr Res. 2014;56:18-27. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Kuyumcu ME, Yesil Y, Oztürk ZA, Kizilarslanoğlu C, Etgül S, Halil M, Ulger Z, Cankurtaran M, Arıoğul S. The evaluation of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in Alzheimer’s disease. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2012;34(2):69-74. doi: 10.1159/000341583.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>J F Olcina Rodríguez, J Díaz Fernández, Nieves Orta Mira, E López-Briz, Fernando Gómez-Pajares. Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio: Can a non-specific marker of inflammation helps to confirm the inflammatory hypothesis of the serious mental diseases? A case-control study. Medical hypotheses volume 130, 2019;109279. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2019.109279.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Topal Z, Tufan AE, Karadag M, Gokcen C, Akkaya C, Sarp AS, Bahsi I, Kilinc M. Evaluation of peripheral inflammatory markers, serum B12, folate, ferritin levels and clinical correlations in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Nord J Psychiatry. 2022;76(2):150-157. doi: 10.1080/08039488.2021.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Kader Semra Karatas, Ilkay Bahceci, Tahsin Gokhan Telatar, Bulent Bahceci, Cicek Hocaoglu. Relationship between disease and disease severity and semaphorin 5A and hemogram level in obsessive - compulsive disorder. Nord J Psychiatry. 2021;75(7):509-515. doi: 10.1080/08039488.2021.1896779.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Melo MCA, Garcia RF, de Araújo CFC, Abreu RLC, de Bruin PFC, de Bruin VMS. Clinical significance of neutrophil-lymphocyte and platelet-lymphocyte ratios in bipolar patients: An 18-month prospective study. Psychiatry Res. 2019;271:8-14. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.10.077.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Li R, Yang J, Yang J, Fu W, Jiang H, Du J, Zhang C, Xi H, Hou J. Depression in older patients with advanced colorectal cancer is closely connected with immunosuppressive acidic protein. Metab Brain Dis. 2014;29(1):87-92. doi: 10.1007/s11011-013-9429-8.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Özyurt G, Binici NC. Increased neutrophil-lymphocyte ratios in depressive adolescents is correlated with the severity of depression. Psychiatry Res. 2018;268:426-431. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.08.007.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Mishra UK, Kalitha J. Brainstem auditory evoked potential In: Clinical Neurophysiology. 3rd ed. New Delhi: Elsevier. 2017. p.367.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Shulman KI, Herrmann N, Brodaty H, Chiu H, Lawlor B, Ritchie K, Scanlan JM. IPA survey of brief cognitive screening instruments. Int Psychogeriatr. 2006;18(2):281-94. doi: 10.1017/S1041610205002693.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Bauer IE, Pascoe MC, Wollenhaupt-Aguiar B, Kapczinski F, Soares JC. Inflammatory mediators of cognitive impairment in bipolar disorder. J Psychiatr Res. 2014;56:18-27. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Maldonado JR. Neuropathogenesis of delirium: review of current etiologic theories and common pathways. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2013;21:1190-222. doi: 10.1016/j.jagp.2013.09.005.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Zhou J, Yu JT, Wang HF, Meng XF, Tan CC, Wang J, Wang C, Tan L. Association between stroke and Alzheimer’s disease: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Alzheimers Dis. 2015;43(2):479-89. doi: 10.3233/JAD-140666.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Kuyumcu ME, Yesil Y, Oztürk ZA, Kizilarslanoğlu C, Etgül S, Halil M, Ulger Z, Cankurtaran M, Arıoğul S. The evaluation of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in Alzheimer’s disease. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2012;34(2):69-74. doi: 10.1159/000341583.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Liu JH, Zhang YJ, Ma QH, Sun HP, Xu Y, Pan CW. Elevated blood neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in older adults with cognitive impairment. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2020;88:104041. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2020.104041.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Selders GS, Fetz AE, Radic MZ, Bowlin GL. An overview of the role of neutrophils in innate immunity, inflammation and host-biomaterial integration. Regen Biomater. 2017;4(1):55-68. doi: 10.1093/rb/rbw041.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>Mayadas TN, Cullere X, Lowell CA. The multifaceted functions of neutrophils. Annu Rev Pathol. 2014;9:181-218. doi: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-020712-164023.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>Forget P, Khalifa C, Defour JP, Latinne D, Van Pel MC, De Kock M. What is the normal value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio? BMC Res Notes. 2017;10(1):12. doi: 10.1186/s13104-016-2335-5.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><mixed-citation>Ramos-Cejudo J, Johnson AD, Beiser A, Seshadri S, Salinas J, Berger JS, Fillmore NR, Do N, Zheng C, Kovbasyuk Z, Ardekani BA, Pomara N, Bubu OM, Parekh A, Convit A, Betensky RA, Wisniewski TM, Osorio RS. Platelet Function Is Associated With Dementia Risk in the Framingham Heart Study. J Am Heart Assoc. 2022;11(9): e023918. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.121.023918.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><mixed-citation>Halazun HJ, Mergeche JL, Mallon KA, Connolly ES, Heyer EJ. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio as a predictor of cognitive dysfunction in carotid endarterectomy patients. J Vasc Surg. 2014;59(3):768-73. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2013.08.095.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><mixed-citation>Kalelioglu T, Yuruyen M, Gultekin G, Yavuzer H, Özturk Y, Kurt M, Topcu Y, Doventas A, Emul M. Neutrophil and platelet to lymphocyte ratios in people with subjective, mild cognitive impairment and early Alzheimer’s disease. Psychogeriatrics. 2017;17(6):506-508. doi: 10.1111/psyg.12260.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B27"><label>27.</label><mixed-citation>Gorelick PB. Role of inflammation in cognitive impairment: results of observational epidemiological studies and clinical trials. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2010;1207:155-62. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05726.x.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
