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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Медицина</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-0245</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-0261</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">31082</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-0245-2022-26-2-203-212</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HISTORY OF MEDICINE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЯ МЕДИЦИНЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Development of concepts on sodium regulation in XX century</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Развитие представлений о натриевой регуляции в XX веке</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Panova</surname><given-names>Anastasia S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панова</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>passad.nsk@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Новосибирский государственный педагогический университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-05-27" publication-format="electronic"><day>27</day><month>05</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">LARGE JOINTS ANATOMY AND PATHOLOGY</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">АНАТОМИЯ И ПАТОЛОГИИ КРУПНЫХ СУСТАВОВ</issue-title><fpage>203</fpage><lpage>212</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-05-27"><day>27</day><month>05</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Panova A.S.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Панова А.С.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Panova A.S.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Панова А.С.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/medicine/article/view/31082">https://journals.rudn.ru/medicine/article/view/31082</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p style="text-align: justify;">The 20th century is the time of the birth of many scientific areas, including the physiology of the kidneys and water-salt metabolism. This article is devoted to the history of the development of one of its directions - the issue of regulation of sodium homeostasis in the body. This article is the first attempt in the Russianspeaking space to summarize the achievements in the study of sodium regulation. For many decades, scientists from different countries have studied the influence of various factors on sodium excretion: blood pressure, atrial peptides, hormones of the neurohypophysis and adrenal glands, renal nerves, infusion of various substances, etc. It was found that sodium excretion does not directly depend on changes in blood pressure and glomerular filtration rate. Atrial peptides causing natriuresis were discovered, their structure and mechanism of action were described in detail. The role of the hormones of the neurohypophysis - vasopressin and oxytocin - in the excretion of sodium, as well as the role of aldosterone and angiotensin II in the reabsorption of this cation was shown. It has been shown that the administration of hypertonic solutions of sodium chloride causes a greater natriuretic response than the administration of other substances (sodium sulfate and acetate, glucose, mannitol, etc.), and the idea of the existence of sodium-s ensitive receptors has also been put forward.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">XX век - это время зарождения множества научных направлений, в том числе и физиологии почек и водно-с олевого обмена. Настоящая статья посвящена рассмотрению истории развития одного из ее направлений - вопроса регуляции гомеостаза натрия в организме. Эта статья является первой в русскоязычном пространстве попыткой обобщения достижений в области изучения натриевой регуляции. На протяжении многих десятилетий учеными разных стран изучалось влияние различных факторов на экскрецию натрия: артериального давления, предсердных пептидов, гормонов нейрогипофиза и надпочечников, почечных нервов, инфузии различных веществ и т. д. Было установлено, что экскреция натрия не зависит напрямую от изменения артериального давления и скорости клубочковой фильтрации. Были открыты предсердные пептиды, вызывающие натрийурез, подробно описана их структура и механизм действия. Была показана роль гормонов нейрогипофиза - вазопрессина и окситоцина - в экскреции натрия, а также роль альдостерона и ангиотензина II в реабсорбции этого катиона. Было показано, что введение гипертонических растворов хлорида натрия вызывает больший натрийуретический ответ, чем при введении других веществ (сульфата и ацетата натрия, глюкозы, маннита и т. д.), а также высказана идея о существовании натрийчувствительных рецепторов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>physiology of kidneys and water-salt metabolism</kwd><kwd>sodium excretion</kwd><kwd>sodium reabsorption</kwd><kwd>sodium homeostasis</kwd><kwd>renal function</kwd><kwd>history of biology</kwd><kwd>history of medicine</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>физиология почек и водно-с олевого обмена</kwd><kwd>экскреция натрия</kwd><kwd>реабсорбция натрия</kwd><kwd>гомеостаз натрия</kwd><kwd>функция почек</kwd><kwd>история биологии</kwd><kwd>история медицины</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">De Wardener HE. 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