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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Медицина</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-0245</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-0261</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">30534</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-0245-2022-26-1-34-41</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Physiology</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Физиология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Physiological features of cells and microvasculature under the local hypothermia influence</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Физиологические особенности клеток и микрососудистого русла под влиянием локальной гипотермии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7160-2023</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Guseynov</surname><given-names>Nijat A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гусейнов</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>nid.gus@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6995-8629</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivashkevich</surname><given-names>Sergey G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ивашкевич</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>nid.gus@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1827-8487</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Boyko</surname><given-names>Evgeniy M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бойко</surname><given-names>Е. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>nid.gus@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Stavropol State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Ставропольский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-03-21" publication-format="electronic"><day>21</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">PHYSIOLOGY</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ</issue-title><fpage>34</fpage><lpage>41</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-03-21"><day>21</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Guseynov N.A., Ivashkevich S.G., Boyko E.M.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Гусейнов Н.А., Ивашкевич С.Г., Бойко Е.М.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Guseynov N.A., Ivashkevich S.G., Boyko E.M.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гусейнов Н.А., Ивашкевич С.Г., Бойко Е.М.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/medicine/article/view/30534">https://journals.rudn.ru/medicine/article/view/30534</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p style="text-align: justify;">Hypothermia or cold therapy is the local or systemic application of cold for therapeutic purposes. Local application of cold is used to control inflammation: pain and swelling, hematoma and trismus reduction. Despite the frequent use of cooling in prosthodontic rehabilitation and in physical therapy, as evidenced by many reports in the literature, there is scientific documentation that suggests disadvantages of using this treatment in maxillofacial surgery and oral surgery. Also the clinical studies that have been carried out in maxillofacial surgery and oral surgery have been conducted in an empirical manner, which casts doubt on the results. In view of this, it is relevant to study the mechanisms of microcirculatory preconditioning and hypothermia. This physiological process is so interesting for the development of medical devices of controlled hardware hypothermia to prevent inflammatory symptoms at the stage of rehabilitation by targeting the vascular and cellular component of the inflammatory process in different areas of the human body. To date, the use of local hardware controlled hypothermia in various pathological conditions in humans is a topical trend in medicine. Microcirculatory bloodstream is directly related to temperature factors. Although there are concepts of vascular spasm or dilatation in the microcirculatory bloodstream during systemic hypothermia, there are no reliable data on the cellular and vascular reactions during local hypothermia. In this paper, a search for fundamental and current scientific work on the topic of cellular and vascular changes under the influence of hypothermia was conducted. The search for data revealed that the mechanisms of intracellular hypothermia are of particular interest for the development of therapeutic treatments after surgical interventions in areas with extensive blood supply. With this in mind, it is relevant to investigate several areas: the role of endothelium, glycocalyx and blood cells in microcirculatory-mediated preconditioning and intracellular hypothermia, and in the molecular mechanism that regulates these processes, whether they occur in the same way in all tissues.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">Гипотермия или терапия холодом является местным или системным применением холода в терапевтических целях. Местное применение холода используется для контроля воспалительного процесса: боли и отека, гематомы, снизить тризм. Несмотря на частое использование охлаждения в ортопедической реабилитации и физиотерапии, о чем свидетельствует множество сообщений в литературе, существуют научные данные, которые говорят о недостатках применения в челюстно-лицевой хирургии и хирургической стоматологии. Также клинические исследования, которые проводились на базе челюстно-лицевой хирургии и хирургической стоматологии, проводились эмпирическим путем, что ставит под сомнения результаты исследования. Ввиду этого актуально изучение механизмов микроциркуляторного прекондиционирования и гипотермии. Данный физиологический процесс представляет особый интерес для разработки медицинских устройств контроллируемой аппаратной гипотермии для предотвращения воспалительных симптомов на этапе реабилитации, целенаправленно воздействуя на сосудисто-клеточный компонент воспалительного процесса в разных областях тела человека. На сегодняшний день применение локальной аппаратной контролируемой гипотермии при различных патологических состояниях человека актуальное направление в медицине. Микроциркуляторное русло напрямую связано с температурными факторами. Несмотря на то, что существуют понятия сосудистых спазма или дилятации в микроциркуляторном русле при системной гипотермии, отсутствуют достоверные данные по клеточно-сосудистым реакциям при локальной гипотермии. В данной работе проведен поиск фундаментальных и современных научных работ на тему клеточно-сосудистых изменений под влиянием гипотермии. При поиске данных было выявлено, что механизмы внутриклеточной гипотермии представляет особый интерес для разработки терапевтических методов лечения после оперативных вмешательств в областях с обильным кровоснабжением. Исходя из этого актуально проведение исследований, направленных на изучение нескольких направлений: роль эндотелия, гликокаликса и клеток крови в микроциркуляторно-опосредованном прекондиционирования и внутриклеточной гипотермии, а также при молекулярном механизме, регулирующем эти явления, одинаково ли они проходят во всех тканях.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>therapeutic hypothermia</kwd><kwd>microcirculatory bed</kwd><kwd>vasodilation</kwd><kwd>vasospasm</kwd><kwd>cellular hypothermia</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>терапевтическая гипотермия</kwd><kwd>микроциркуляторное русло</kwd><kwd>вазодилятация</kwd><kwd>вазоспазм</kwd><kwd>клеточная гипотермия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Vaity C, Al-Subaie N, Cecconi M. Cooling techniques for targeted temperature management post-cardiac arrest. 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