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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Медицина</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-0245</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-0261</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">24436</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-0245-2020-24-3-218-226</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>IMMUNOLOGY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИММУНОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Systemic and local effective function of neutrophilic granulocytes associated with transformation of the phenotype of their functionally significant subset in children with small purulent infection</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Системная и локальная эффекторная функция нейтрофильных гранулоцитов, ассоциированная с трансформацией фенотипа их функционально-значимых субпопуляций у детей с малой гнойной инфекцией мягких тканей</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chudilova</surname><given-names>G. A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чудилова</surname><given-names>Г. А</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>chudilova2015@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nesterova</surname><given-names>I. V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нестерова</surname><given-names>И. В</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>chudilova2015@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rusinova</surname><given-names>T. V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Русинова</surname><given-names>Т. В</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>chudilova2015@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovaleva</surname><given-names>S. V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковалева</surname><given-names>С. В</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>chudilova2015@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlenko</surname><given-names>V. N</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павленко</surname><given-names>В. Н</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>chudilova2015@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarakanov</surname><given-names>V. A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тараканов</surname><given-names>В. А</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>chudilova2015@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Barova</surname><given-names>N. K</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барова</surname><given-names>Н. К</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>chudilova2015@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kuban State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Кубанский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 24, NO3 (2020)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 24, №3 (2020)</issue-title><fpage>218</fpage><lpage>226</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-08-26"><day>26</day><month>08</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, Chudilova G.A., Nesterova I.V., Rusinova T.V., Kovaleva S.V., Pavlenko V.N., Tarakanov V.A., Barova N.K.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, Чудилова Г.А., Нестерова И.В., Русинова Т.В., Ковалева С.В., Павленко В.Н., Тараканов В.А., Барова Н.К.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chudilova G.A., Nesterova I.V., Rusinova T.V., Kovaleva S.V., Pavlenko V.N., Tarakanov V.A., Barova N.K.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чудилова Г.А., Нестерова И.В., Русинова Т.В., Ковалева С.В., Павленко В.Н., Тараканов В.А., Барова Н.К.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/medicine/article/view/24436">https://journals.rudn.ru/medicine/article/view/24436</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Defects in the functioning of neutrophilic granulocytes (NG) are accompanied by various purulent-inflammatory diseases that have a persistent-relapsing course. The bactericidal activity of NG, the processes of intracellular and extracellular killing of bacteria, is directly dependent on their phenotypic features: the expression level of functionally significant membrane receptors CD64, CD16, CD32, CD11b triggering effector processes. It was shown that there are subsets of NG with different phenotypic characteristics and the course and outcome of infectious and inflammatory diseases directly depends on their usefulness. Despite the large amount of accumulated information, the question of the transformation of NG subpopulations phenotype during NG response formation in children with local purulent processes of soft tissues - a small purulent infection (SPI) remains poorly understood. Purpose: to evaluate the local and systemic effector function of neutrophilic granulocytes (phagocytosis, NET formation) with clarification of the phenotype of functionally significant CD64-CD16+CD32+CD11b+, CD64+CD16+CD32+CD11b+ and CD64-CD16+CD32-CD11b+ NG subpopulations in peripheral blood (PB) in children with SPI. Materials and methods. We evaluated the phagocytic function of NG in 60 PB samples of children 5-9 years old, on the 2-3rd day of acute purulent process, before surgery, in smears - prints taken from the local focus of purulent inflammation and 17 PB samples of conditionally healthy children. Also the ability to form NET was additionally determined in smears-prints in children with SPI. In parallel, in PB we evaluated:% NG simultaneously carrying CD64, CD16, CD32, CD11b receptors and their expression density (MFI) by flow cytometry (CYTOMICS FC500, Beckman Coulter, USA). Statistical data processing was performed in the Microsoft Exel 2016 and Stat Plus 2010 software packages. Nonparametric criteria were used: median (Me) and interquartile range (Q1; Q3), Mann-Whitney U-test and Wilcoxon test. Results . We found a significant increase in the content of the NG subpopulation with a negatively transformed phenotype CD64-CD16+CD32-CD11b+ with defects in the expression of CD64 and CD32 receptors, which is the cause of inadequate inclusion of NG in inflammatory processes, disruption of phagocytic activity at the systemic and local levels and the occurrence of SPI in children. The formation of NET in the first stage is necessary to supplement the effector function of NG in order to compensate for disorders of phagocytosis.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Актуальность. Дефекты функционирования нейтрофильных гранулоцитов (НГ) сопровождаются гнойно-воспалительными заболеваниями, имеющими упорно-рецидивирующее течение. Бактерицидная активность НГ, процессы внутри- и внеклеточного киллинга бактерий находятся в непосредственной зависимости от их фенотипических особенностей: уровня экспрессии функционально-значимых мембранных рецепторов CD64, CD16, CD32, CD11b, запускающих эффекторные процессы. Известно, что существуют субпопуляции НГ с разными фенотипами, от полноценности которых напрямую зависит течение и исход инфекционно-воспалительных заболеваний. Малоизученным остается вопрос трансформации фенотипа субпопуляций НГ при формировании ответа со стороны НГ у детей с гнойными инфекциями мягких тканей (МГИ). Цель: оценить локальную и системную эффекторную функцию НГ (фагоцитоз, NETos) с уточнением особенностей фенотипа функционально-значимых субпопуляций CD64-CD16+CD32+CD11b+, CD64+CD16+CD32+CD11b+ и CD64-CD16+CD32-CD11b+ в периферической крови у детей с МГИ. Материалы и методы. В образцах периферической крови (ПК) детей 5-9 лет с МГИ и в мазках-опечатках, взятых из локального очага гнойного воспаления, в образцах ПК условно-здоровых детей проведена оценка фагоцитарной функции НГ. В мазках-отпечатках также определена способность формирования NET. Параллельно, в ПК оценивали: % НГ, одновременно несущих CD64, CD16, CD32, CD11b рецепторы и плотность их экспрессии (MFI). Статистическую обработку проводили в программном пакете Microsoft Exel 2016 и Stat Plus 2010. Использовали непараметрические критерии: Ме (Q1; Q3), U-критерий Манна-Уитни и критерий Вилкоксона. Результаты. Установлено значительное увеличение содержания субпопуляции НГ с негативно трансформированным фенотипом CD64-CD16+CD32-CD11b+ с дефектами экспрессии CD64 и СD32, что является причиной неадекватного включения НГ в реализацию процессов воспаления, нарушению фагоцитарной активности на системном и локальном уровне и способствует возникновению МГИ у детей. Образование NET на первом этапе необходимо для восполнения эффекторной функции НГ с целью компенсации нарушений фагоцитоза</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>neutrophilic granulocyte</kwd><kwd>phenotype</kwd><kwd>subset</kwd><kwd>purulent infection</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нейтрофильные гранулоциты</kwd><kwd>фенотип</kwd><kwd>субпопуляции</kwd><kwd>гнойные инфекции</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was funded by the Ministry of health of the Russian Federation (project no. AAAA-A18—118122690053—0).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках государственного задания Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (проект № АААА-А18—118122690053—0).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sepiashvili R.I. Physiology of the immune system. 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