<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Медицина</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-0245</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-0261</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">20475</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-0245-2018-22-4-450-455</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SOCIAL HEALTH AND HEALTH PROTECTION</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЯ И ОБЩЕСТВЕННОЕ ЗДОРОВЬЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">MATERNAL MORTALITY IN AFGHANISTAN. CURRENT STATE OF THE PROBLEM</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>МАТЕРИНСКАЯ СМЕРТНОСТЬ В АФГАНИСТАНЕ. СОВРЕМЕННОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gafur</surname><given-names>Mina A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гафур</surname><given-names>М А</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>postgraduate student, Department of Public Health, Health and Hygiene, Medical Institute, RUDN</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры общественного здоровья, здравоохранения и гигиены Медицинского института РУДН</p></bio><email>hewad@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5385-2586</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fomina</surname><given-names>Anna V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фомина</surname><given-names>А В</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>hewad@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">RUDN University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2018-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 22, NO4 (2018)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 22, №4 (2018)</issue-title><fpage>450</fpage><lpage>455</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2019-02-06"><day>06</day><month>02</month><year>2019</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2018, Gafur M.A., Fomina A.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2018, Гафур М.А., Фомина А.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gafur M.A., Fomina A.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гафур М.А., Фомина А.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/medicine/article/view/20475">https://journals.rudn.ru/medicine/article/view/20475</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article is devoted to the issue of maternal mortality in Afghanistan. What results did this country achieve after setting the millennium goals in 2000? The causes of maternal mortality have been analyzed. A survey has been carried out on the demographic and geographical differences in maternal mortality in different regions of the world and possible ways of overcoming the current causes of mortality. Conclusion. The key and effective measures to prevent maternal mortality in Afghanistan are access to: a family planning center, the possibility of medical abortion, emergency obstetric care.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Статья посвящена вопросу материнской смертности в Афганистане. Каких результатов добилась эта страна после постановки целей тысячелетия в 2000 году? Проанализированы причины материнской смертности. Выполнен обзор по демографическим и географическим различиям материнской смертности в разных регионах мира и возможные пути преодоления современных причин смертности.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>maternal mortality</kwd><kwd>Afghanistan</kwd><kwd>developing countries</kwd><kwd>national recommendations</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>материнская смертность</kwd><kwd>Афганистан</kwd><kwd>развивающиеся страны</kwd><kwd>национальные рекомендации</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hogan M.C., Foreman K.J., Naghavi M., Ahn S.Y., Wang M., Makela S.M., et al. Maternal mortality for 181 countries, 1980—2008: a systematic analysis of progress towards Millennium Development Goal 5. Lancet [Internet]. 2010 May 8 [cited 2018 Feb 11];375(9726): 1609—23. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ pubmed/20382417.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hogan M.C. et al. Maternal mortality for 181 countries, 1980-2008: a systematic analysis of progress towards Millennium Development Goal 5 // Lancet. 2010. Vol. 375. № 9726. P. 1609-1623.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Say L., Chou D., Gemmill A., Tunçalp Ö., Moller A.-B., Daniels J., et al. Global causes of maternal death: a WHO systematic analysis. Lancet Glob Heal [Internet]. 2014 Jun [cited 2018 Mar 18];2(6):e323—33. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25103301.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Say L. et al. Global causes of maternal death: a WHO systematic analysis // Lancet Glob. Heal. 2014. Vol. 2, № 6. P. e323-e333.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kassebaum N.J., Barber R.M., Bhutta Z.A., Dandona L., Gething P.W., Hay S.I., et al. Global, regional, and national levels of maternal mortality, 1990—2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. Lancet [Internet]. 2016 Oct 8 [cited 2018 Mar 18];388(10053):1775—812. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ pubmed/27733286.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kassebaum N.J. et al. Global, regional, and national levels of maternal mortality, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 // Lancet. 2016. Vol. 388, № 10053. P. 1775-1812.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Horon I.L. Underreporting of maternal deaths on death certificates and the magnitude of the problem of maternal mortality. Am J Public Health [Internet]. American Public Health Association; 2005 Mar [cited 2018 Mar 18];95(3): 478—82. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ pubmed/15727980.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Horon I.L. Underreporting of maternal deaths on death certificates and the magnitude of the problem of maternal mortality // Am. J. Public Health. American Public Health Association. 2005. Vol. 95. № 3. P. 478-482.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Graham W., Ahmed S., Stanton C., Abou-Zahr C., Campbell O. Measuring maternal mortality: An overview of opportunities and options for developing countries. BMC Med [Internet]. BioMed Central; 2008 Dec 26 [cited 2018 Mar 18];6(1):12. Available from: http://bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/ 1741-7015-6-12.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Graham W. et al. Measuring maternal mortality: An overview of opportunities and options for developing countries // BMC Med. BioMed Central. 2008. Vol. 6. № 1. P. 12.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alkema L., Chou D., Hogan D., Zhang S., Moller A.-B., Gemmill A., et al. Global, regional, and national levels and trends in maternal mortality between 1990 and 2015, with scenario-based projections to 2030: a systematic analysis by the UN Maternal Mortality Estimation Inter-Agency Group. Lancet (London, England) [Internet]. Elsevier; 2016 Jan 30 [cited 2018 Mar 18];387(10017): 462—74. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ pubmed/26584737.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alkema L. et al. Global, regional, and national levels and trends in maternal mortality between 1990 and 2015, with scenario-based projections to 2030: a systematic analysis by the UN Maternal Mortality Estimation Inter-Agency Group // Lancet (London, England). Elsevier, 2016. Vol. 387. № 10017. P. 462-474.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">de Swiet M. Maternal mortality: Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths in the United Kingdom. Am J Obstet Gynecol [Internet]. Elsevier; 2000 Apr 1 [cited 2018 Mar 18];182(4):760—6. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0002937800703243.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">de Swiet M. Maternal mortality: Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths in the United Kingdom // Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Elsevier, 2000. Vol. 182. № 4. P. 760-766.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Geller S.E., Rosenberg D., Cox S.M., Brown M.L., Simonson L., Driscoll C.A., et al. The continuum of maternal morbidity and mortality: Factors associated with severity. Am J Obstet Gynecol [Internet]. 2004 Sep [cited 2018 Mar 18];191(3):939—44. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15467568.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Geller S.E. et al. The continuum of maternal morbidity and mortality: Factors associated with severity // Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2004. Vol. 191. № 3. P. 939-944.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kurinczuk J., Draper E., Field D., Bevan C., Brocklehurst P., Gray R., et al. Experiences with maternal and perinatal death reviews in the UK-the MBRRACE-UK programme. BJOG An Int J Obstet Gynaecol [Internet]. 2014 Sep [cited 2018 Mar 18];121:41—6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25236632.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kurinczuk J. et al. Experiences with maternal and perinatal death reviews in the UK-the MBRRACE-UK programme // BJOG An Int. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. 2014. Vol. 121. P. 41-46.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list></back></article>
