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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Литературоведение. Журналистика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2312-9220</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2312-9247</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">52732</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2312-9220-2026-31-3-736-748</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">DEYALH</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>JOURNALISM</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЖУРНАЛИСТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Media as a Factor in the Formation of Catalan National Consciousness</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Медиа как фактор формирования каталонского национального сознания</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8259-3031</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1395-5983</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pruttskov</surname><given-names>Grigory V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прутцков</surname><given-names>Григорий Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Philological Sciences, Professor, Institute of Media, Faculty of Creative Industries</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор филологических наук, профессор, Институт медиа, факультет креативных индустрий</p></bio><email>gpruttskov@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">HSE University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-09-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">POSTMODERNISM: PRO ET CONTRA</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ПОСТМОДЕРНИЗМ: PRO ET CONTRA</issue-title><fpage>736</fpage><lpage>748</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-10-10"><day>10</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Pruttskov G.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Прутцков Г.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pruttskov G.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Прутцков Г.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/literary-criticism/article/view/52732">https://journals.rudn.ru/literary-criticism/article/view/52732</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Globalization and the establishment of a unified information space significantly blur national boundaries. Nevertheless, the geopolitical realities of both the 20th and the 21st centuries demonstrate that it is nationalist ideas that have become the main point of reference for many political movements. These ideas and images, reproduced on a large scale by the mass media and aimed at constructing national identity, are widespread in contemporary society. This article examines the formation of Catalan national identity through the lens of Catalan media of the 19th-21st centuries. Drawing on an analysis of scholarly literature and journalistic sources, the author traces the evolution of the Catalan press from a vehicle for the cultural revival of the Catalan language to an instrument of political mobilization during the 2017 crisis. Special attention is paid to the bilingual nature of the press - one of the key features of Catalan journalism, which directly affects national self-awareness. The author concludes that the region’s media system is distinctly national in orientation and functions as a key institution of socialization, preserving the uniqueness of the language and constructing the image of a “victim nation” in opposition to the Spanish state.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Глобализация и утверждение единого информационного пространства существенно размывают национальные границы. Тем не менее геополитическая реальность как XX, так и XXI в. демонстрирует, что именно националистические идеи становятся для многих политических движений главным ориентиром. Эти идеи и образы, тиражируемые средствами массовой информации и направленные на конструирование национальной идентичности, широко распространены в современном социуме. Проанализировано формирование каталонской национальной идентичности через призму каталонских медиа XIX-XXI вв. На основе анализа научной литературы и публицистических источников рассмотрена эволюция роли каталонской прессы: от культурного возрождения языка до инструмента политической мобилизации в период кризиса 2017 г. Особое внимание уделено двуязычию прессы - одной из основных особенностей каталонской журналистики, непосредственно влияющей на национальное самосознание. Сделан вывод, что медиасистема региона носит выраженный национально ориентированный характер и выступает ключевым институтом социализации, сохраняющим уникальность языка и конструирующим образ «нации-жертвы» в противовес испанскому государству.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Catalan press</kwd><kwd>national identity</kwd><kwd>political mobilization</kwd><kwd>media bilingualism</kwd><kwd>victim-nation</kwd><kwd>institution of socialization</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>каталонская пресса</kwd><kwd>национальная идентичность</kwd><kwd>политическая мобилизация</kwd><kwd>двуязычие СМИ</kwd><kwd>нация-жертва</kwd><kwd>институт социализации</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta><fn-group/></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alonso-Muñoz, L.A. (2014). El tratamiento en la prensa del movimiento independentista en Cataluña. 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