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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Литературоведение. Журналистика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2312-9220</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2312-9247</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">49453</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2312-9220-2026-31-1-163-174</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">TBKMUF</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>JOURNALISM</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Журналистика</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Photography in the Age of Social Media: Between Truth and Fiction</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Цифровая фотография в эпоху социальных медиа: между правдой и вымыслом</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4942-5953</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1127-7669</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Balakina</surname><given-names>Yulia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балакина</surname><given-names>Юлия Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Philology, Professor at the Department of Fundamental and Applied Linguistics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат филологических наук, профессор департамента фундаментальной и прикладной лингвистики</p></bio><email>julianaumova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">HSE University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-04-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 31, NO1 (2026)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 31, №1 (2026)</issue-title><fpage>163</fpage><lpage>174</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-04-02"><day>02</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Balakina Y.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Балакина Ю.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Balakina Y.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Балакина Ю.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/literary-criticism/article/view/49453">https://journals.rudn.ru/literary-criticism/article/view/49453</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The phenomenon of digital social photography is explored as a product of contemporary social media practices. It analyses the transformation of the role of photography in the digital age, where it functions not merely as a tool for recording reality, but also as an active agent in the process of meaning-making. The study relies on the methodologies of digital, post-digital, and embodied semiotics, which allow to identify the specific characteristics of digital social photography in today’s communicative environment. Digital social photography is defined as a post-digital sign shaped by two opposing trends: the activity of the audience (producers) who interpret and represent meanings; and technological systems that influence these processes. The continuous flow of digital images establishes connections between online and offline spaces; social practices and their individual interpretations. In social media, photography serves as a universal means of communication, fulfilling the functions of visualisation; self-presentation and emotional expression. At the same time, photography is losing its former documentary authenticity. The boundaries between fiction and reality are becoming blurred, partly due to the development of modern technologies that not only allow modifying the form and content of real photographs, but also enable generating images using artificial intelligence. The study concludes that the digital social photograph functions as a hybrid sign, whose meaning is negotiated between user agency and algorithmic influence, fundamentally challenging traditional notions of photographic indexicality.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Исследуется феномен цифровой социальной фотографии как результат современных социомедийных практик; анализируется трансформация роли фотографии в эпоху цифровых технологий, где она выступает не только как средство фиксации реальности, но и как активный агент процесса смыслообразования. Исследование базируется на методологии цифровой, постцифровой и воплощенной семиотики, что позволяет выявить специфические черты цифровой социальной фотографии в современной коммуникативной среде. Цифровая социальная фотография определяется как постцифровой знак, который формируется под воздействием двух разнонаправленных тенденций: активности аудитории (продуцентов), интерпретирующей и репрезентирующей смыслы, а также технологических систем, влияющих на эти процессы. Непрерывный поток цифровых изображений устанавливает связь между онлайн- и офлайн-пространствами, социальными практиками и их индивидуальными интерпретациями. Фотография в социальных медиа является универсальным средством коммуникации, выполняющим функции визуализации, самопрезентации и выражения эмоций. Параллельно происходит утрата фотографией ее прежней документальной достоверности. Границы между вымыслом и реальностью становятся размытыми, в том числе в результате развития современных технологий, позволяющих не только модифицировать форму и содержание реальных фотографий, но и генерировать их с использованием искусственного интеллекта. В исследовании делается вывод о том, что цифровая социальная фотография функционирует как гибридный знак, значение которого зависит от воли пользователя и алгоритмов воздействия, что бросает вызов традиционным представлениям о достоверности фотографий.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>photography</kwd><kwd>semiotics</kwd><kwd>post-digital sign</kwd><kwd>social media</kwd><kwd>visual communication</kwd><kwd>digital culture</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фотография</kwd><kwd>семиотика</kwd><kwd>постцифровой знак</kwd><kwd>социальные медиа</kwd><kwd>визуальная коммуникация</kwd><kwd>цифровая культура</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta><fn-group/></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Balakina, Yu.V. (2025). Social representations in media communication from linguistics and semiotics perspectives. Communication Studies, 12(1), 121–136. 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