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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Литературоведение. Журналистика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2312-9220</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2312-9247</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">45338</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2312-9220-2025-30-2-289-297</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">JCDWVL</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LITERARY CRITICISM</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Литературоведение</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Eliza Haywood’s Female Spectator: Between Literature and Journalism</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>«Женский зритель» Элизы Хейвуд: между литературой и журналистикой</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8280-531X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakushkina</surname><given-names>Tatiana V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Якушкина</surname><given-names>Татьяна Викторовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Grand PhD in Philology, Chief Researcher, Scientifical Research Center for Religious and Ethnopolitical Studies</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор филологических наук, главный научный сотрудник центра религиоведческих и этнополитических исследований</p></bio><email>yaku0149@hotmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pushkin Leningrad State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Ленинградский государственный университет имени А.С. Пушкина</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-07-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 30, NO2 (2025)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 30, №2 (2025)</issue-title><fpage>289</fpage><lpage>297</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-07-31"><day>31</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Yakushkina T.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Якушкина Т.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yakushkina T.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Якушкина Т.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/literary-criticism/article/view/45338">https://journals.rudn.ru/literary-criticism/article/view/45338</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Eliza Haywood, a famous English novelist of the 18th century, went down in the history of journalism as the author of the first women’s periodical The Female Spectator . Despite Haywood’s prominent contribution to the development of journalism, her experience in this area has remained virtually unnoticed in Russian scholarship. The purpose of this study is to examine the forms of Haywood’s transformation when passing from a novel into a periodical writer with special attention to her ways of interacting with the readers. Based on the prime source and recent English-language research analysis, the author of the article comes to the conclusion that Haywood used a number of strategies when working out her magazine: she creates the images of a collective publisher and a collective reader, implements a program for educating a female audience, and masters new principles of presenting material and interacting with the reader. The necessity of transforming female novel lovers into readers of a new quality required Haywood to use, besides some literary techniques, a number of educational and didactic ones. Thus, she works hard on building up a new attitude to reading, educates the female audience by discussing a range of issues, and searches for a different, eluding obvious didacticism, form of interaction with her audience. Even though most of the material published in the Female Spectator remains of the literary origin, new characteristics of the periodical as a cultural and social control element emerge behind each of the listed techniques.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Элиза Хэйвуд, известная английская романистка XVIII в., вошла в историю журналистики как автор первого женского журнала «Женский зритель». При значительности вклада Хэйвуд в развитие журналистики ее опыт в этой области в российской науке остался практически без внимания. Цель исследования - выявить формы и направленность перестройки Хэйвуд-романистки в автора журнала, обратив особое внимание на ее способы взаимодействия с читательской аудиторией. Анализируя первоисточник и обобщая последние исследования англоязычной критики, автор приходит к выводу, что Хэйвуд при создании журнала использовала целый ряд стратегий: создание образов коллективного издателя и коллективного читателя, реализация просветительской программы воспитания женской аудитории, освоение новых принципов подачи материала и взаимодействия с читателем. Перестройка читательниц романов в читателей нового качества потребовала от Хэйвуд использования не только литературных, но и просветительско-дидактических приемов: формирование нового отношения к чтению, просвещение женской аудитории через расширение круга обсуждаемых проблем, поиск иной, лишенной явной дидактичности, формы взаимодействия с нею. Несмотря на литературное происхождение большей части используемого материала, за каждым из перечисленных приемов вырисовываются функции журнала как нового органа культурной и общественной жизни.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Eliza Haywood</kwd><kwd>The Female Spectator</kwd><kwd>English women’s magazines of the 18th century</kwd><kwd>first women’s magazines</kwd><kwd>writer-reader interaction</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Элиза Хейвуд</kwd><kwd>«Женский зритель»</kwd><kwd>английские женские журналы XVIII в</kwd><kwd>первые женские журналы</kwd><kwd>формирование читательской аудитории</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Beasley, J.C. (1982). Novels of the 1740s. University of Georgia Press.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Косарева А.А. 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