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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Литературоведение. Журналистика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2312-9220</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2312-9247</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">34359</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2312-9220-2023-28-1-99-107</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">KCAGRK</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>JOURNALISM</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Журналистика</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Development of journalism in the Republic of Congo: problems and prospects</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Развитие журналистики в Республике Конго: проблемы и перспективы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0089-699X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Makashova</surname><given-names>Valeria V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макашова</surname><given-names>Валерия Валерьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Philological Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Information Support</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат филологических наук, доцент кафедры информационного обеспечения</p></bio><email>rusina6@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9233-9084</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ngakosso</surname><given-names>Tristan M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нгакоссо</surname><given-names>Тристан Мешлер</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Lieutenant, 4th year cadet of the Special Faculty</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший лейтенант, курсант 4-го курса специального факультета</p></bio><email>rusina6@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Prince Alexander Nevsky Military University of the Defense Ministry of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Военный университет имени князя Александра Невского Министерства обороны РФ</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-03-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 28, NO1 (2023)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 28, №1 (2023)</issue-title><fpage>99</fpage><lpage>107</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-04-10"><day>10</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Makashova V.V., Ngakosso T.M.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Макашова В.В., Нгакоссо Т.М.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Makashova V.V., Ngakosso T.M.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Макашова В.В., Нгакоссо Т.М.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/literary-criticism/article/view/34359">https://journals.rudn.ru/literary-criticism/article/view/34359</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p style="text-align: justify;">The current state of journalism in the Republic of Congo is of particular research interest due to the complex military and political situation in the world in the context of hybrid threats. The purpose of the study is to identify current problems and prospects for the development of journalism in the Republic of Congo. To this end, the background to the formation of journalism in Congo is examined, the media system of the Republic of Congo is characterized, and the system of military sources of information, including the Ministry of Defense magazines Armée et Nation and FAC Infos , is analyzed. A general thesis is put forward that historical background is of great importance for understanding the specifics of journalism: the Republic of Congo has experienced a difficult history, even after gaining independence it had to face severe trials - political crises and civil wars. Therefore, its media system was formed under difficult economic and political conditions. Importantly, the Congolese Armed Forces (FAC) played an important role in the country's destiny as a guarantor of political stability and national security, which actualizes the information component in the work of the Congolese army. The authors emphasize the importance of internal factors influencing the media system: national, linguistic, and cultural. The standard of living of the population, the habits of information product consumption, and the inclusion of the Congolese media system in the media field of the African continent also matter for the development of Congo's journalism.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">Современное состояние журналистики Республики Конго вызывает особый исследовательский интерес в связи со сложной международной военно-политической ситуацией в контексте гибридных угроз. Цель исследования - выявить актуальные проблемы и перспективы развития журналистики Республики Конго. Изучены предпосылки становления конголезской журналистики, дана характеристика медиасистемы Республики Конго, анализируется система военных источников информации, в том числе журналов Министерства обороны «Армия и нация» (Armée et nation) и «FAC инфо» (FAC infos). Выдвигается общий тезис о том, что для понимания особенностей журналистики указанного государства огромное значение имеют исторические предпосылки. Республика Конго пережила непростую историю, даже после обретения независимости ей пришлось столкнуться с суровыми испытаниями: политическими кризисами и гражданскими войнами. Таким образом, ее медиасистема складывалась в сложных экономических и политических условиях. Важную роль в судьбе страны играли Конголезские Вооруженные силы (КВС), являющиеся гарантом политической стабильности и национальной безопасности, что актуализирует информационную составляющую в работе армии Конго. Подчеркивается значение внутренних факторов, воздействующих на медиасистему: национальных, языковых, культурных. На развитие журналистики Конго влияют уровень жизни населения, привычки потребления информационного продукта, а также включенность медиасистемы Конго в медиапространство Африканского континента.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>African continent</kwd><kwd>media system</kwd><kwd>new media</kwd><kwd>military sources of information</kwd><kwd>magazines</kwd><kwd>Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Congo</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>медиасистема</kwd><kwd>Африканский континент</kwd><kwd>новые медиа</kwd><kwd>военные источники информации</kwd><kwd>журналы</kwd><kwd>Министерство обороны Республики Конго</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Beavogi, B. (2012). 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