<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Литературоведение. Журналистика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2312-9220</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2312-9247</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">33288</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2312-9220-2022-27-4-767-774</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>JOURNALISM</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Журналистика</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Influencer as a special type of public opinion leader</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Инфлюенсер как особый тип лидера общественного мнения</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9979-9224</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yefanov</surname><given-names>Aleksandr A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ефанов</surname><given-names>Александр Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Sociological Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of the Theory and Practice of Public Relations, Russian State University for the Humanities; Associate Professor of the Institute of Media, HSE University</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат социологических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры теории и практики общественных связей, Российский государственный гуманитарный университет; доцент Института медиа, Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики».</p></bio><email>yefanoff_91@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian State University for the Humanities</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский государственный гуманитарный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">HSE University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 27, NO4 (2022)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 27, №4 (2022)</issue-title><fpage>767</fpage><lpage>774</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-01-15"><day>15</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Yefanov A.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Ефанов А.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yefanov A.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ефанов А.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/literary-criticism/article/view/33288">https://journals.rudn.ru/literary-criticism/article/view/33288</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p style="text-align: justify;">The conceptual apparatus of contemporary communicology does not differentiate between the concepts of “opinion leader” and “influencer”. To solve this problem, the author uses a poly-paradigmatic approach using a set of methods: historical and genetic analysis, structural analysis and socio-cultural modelling. As a result of the study, the author offers an author's definition of the concept of “influencer” as a special type of public opinion leader - an independent medium, which spreads its direct influence on the Internet (mainly in social media) through a direct communication channel using new tactics of positioning (the integration of private and public). At the same time, influencer has a significant impact on the target audience, promoting certain ideas (ideological, consumerist, etc.), which ultimately affects the system of norms, values and attitudes of the recipients. The author outlines the limitations of the study and identifies perspective direction related to the need for further substantiation of the above-mentioned media and communication phenomenon. The expediency of addressing the notion of “influencer” from academic positions is shown, and the necessity of its discrete inclusion in the interdisciplinary scientific discourse is substantiated.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">В понятийном аппарате современной коммуникологии не дифференцированы понятия «лидер общественного мнения» и «инфлюенсер». Для решения этой проблемы автором используется полипарадигмальный подход с применением комплекса методов: историко-генетического анализа, структурного анализа, социокультурного моделирования. По итогам проведенного исследования предлагается авторское определение понятия «инфлюенсер» как особого типа лидера общественного мнения - самостоятельного медиума, распространяющего свое непосредственное влияние в интернете (преимущественно в социальных медиа) через прямой канал коммуникации с использованием новой тактики позиционирования (интеграция приватного и публичного). При этом инфлюенсер оказывает существенное влияние на целевую аудиторию, продвигает определенные идеи (идеологические, потребительские и др.), что в итоге отражается на системе норм, ценностей и установок реципиентов. Автором обозначаются ограничения исследования, определяется перспективное направление, связанное с необходимостью дальнейшего обоснования указанного медиакоммуникационного феномена. Показана целесообразность обращения с академических позиций к понятию «инфлюенсер», обоснована необходимость его дискретного включения в междисциплинарный научный дискурс.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>public opinion leader</kwd><kwd>influencer</kwd><kwd>communicology</kwd><kwd>media space</kwd><kwd>media industry</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лидер общественного мнения</kwd><kwd>инфлюенсер</kwd><kwd>коммуникология</kwd><kwd>медиапространство</kwd><kwd>медиаиндустрия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bloomer, G. (1984). Society as a symbolic interaction. Modern Foreign Social Psychology: Texts (pp. 173–179). Moscow: Publishing House of Moscow State University. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Блумер Г. Общество как символическая интеракция // Современная зарубежная социальная психология: тексты / под ред. Т.М. Андреевой, Н.Н. Богомоловой, Л.А. Петровской. М.: Изд-во МГУ, 1984. С. 173-179.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bogoyavlensky, A.E. (2019). Influencer media as a post-mass format of public communications. Media Research, (6), 297–304. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Богоявленский А.Е. Инфлюенсер-медиа как постмассовый формат публичных коммуникаций // Медиаисследования 2019 / ред. Т.А. Семилет, И.В. Фотиева. Барнаул, 2019. С. 297-304.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bourdieu, P. (2005). Social space: Fields and practices. Moscow: Institute of Experimental Sociology; St. Petersburg: Aleteya Publ. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бурдье П. Социальное пространство: поля и практики / пер. с франц.; отв. ред. перевода, сост. и послесл. Н.А. Шматко. М.: Институт экспериментальной социологии; СПб.: Алетейя, 2005. 576 c.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chugunova, A.A. (2020). Profession: Contemporary influencer. Information – Communication – Society, (1), 277–282. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Волкова И.И., Проскурнова Е.Л., Чан Т.Т.З. О перспективах новостного телевидения: материалы глубинных интервью // Научный диалог. 2021. № 3. С. 157-170. https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2021-3-157-170</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Davydov, D.A. (2020). Unpredictable post-capitalism: Alienation and competition in the sphere of “personality production”. Socium and Power, 86(6), 88–99. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.22394/1996-0522-2020-6-88-99</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гавра Д.П. Информационная логистика в коммуникациях региона // Территория новых возможностей. Вестник Владивостокского государственного университета экономики и сервиса. 2016. № 1. С. 113-118.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Freberg, K., Graham, K., &amp; McGaughey, K. (2011). Who are the social media influencers? A Study of Public Perceptions of Personality. Public Relations Review, 37(1), 90–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2010.11.001</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Давыдов Д.А. Непредсказанный посткапитализм: отчуждение и конкурентная борьба в сфере «производства личности» // Социум и власть. 2020. № 6 (86). С. 88-99. https://doi.org/10.22394/1996-0522-2020-6-88-99</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gavra, D.P. (2016). Information logistics in the communications of the region. Territory of New Opportunities. VSUES Bulletin, (1), 113–118. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ефанов А.А. Деконструкция образа инфлюенсера в современном медиапространстве // Мониторинг общественного мнения: экономические и социальные перемены. 2021. № 5. С. 32-46. https://doi.org/10.14515/monitoring.2021.5.1958</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kapitan, S., &amp; Silvera, D.H. (2016). From digital media influencers to celebrity endorsers: Attributions drive endorser effectiveness, marketing letters. Marketing Letters, 27(3), 553–567. https://doi.org/10.1007/S11002-015-9363-0</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ефанов А.А. О понятийном аппарате современной коммуникологии // Современные дискурсы социологической теории и практики: материалы XVI Всероссийской очно-заочной научной конференции. М.: Спутник +, 2019. С. 16-18.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lazarsfeld, P., Berelson, B., &amp; Gaudet, H. (1948). The people's choice. How the voter makes up his mind in a presidential campaign. New York: Columbia University Press.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Москальцова М.А. Эффект воздействия инфлюенсеров Instagram[69] на пользователей социальных сетей (на примере Fyre Festival) // Социальные коммуникации. Наука. Образование. Профессия. 2019. № 1. С. 70-74.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moskaltsova, M.A. (2019). The effect of the influence of Instagram[70] influencers on users of social networks (for example, the Fyre Festival). Social Communications. The Science. Education. Profession, (1), 70–74. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чугунова А.А. Профессия: инфлюенсер современности // Информация - Коммуникация - Общество. 2020. № 1. С. 277-282.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Muzykant, V.L., Muqsith, V.A., Burdovskaya, E.Y., Palagina, I.V., Barabash, V.V., &amp; Volkova, I.I. (2021). Contemporary transportation applications as new forms of social construction technology. Proceedings of the 2021 5th World Conference on Smart Trends in Systems Security and Sustainability, WorldS4 2021 (pp. 6–11). London: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. https://doi.org/10.1109/WorldS451998.2021.9514063</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шарков Ф.И. Коммуникология: основы теории коммуникации. М.: Дашков и К°, 2010. 592 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pang, A., Yingzhi Tan, E., Song-Qi Lim, R., Yue-Ming Kwan, T., &amp; Bhardwaj Lakhanpal, P. (2016). Building effective relations with social media influencers in Singapore. Media Asia, 43(1), 56–68. https://doi.org/10.1080/01296612.2016.1177962</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шелонаев С.И. Эволюция и перспективы российского медиапространства // Современные СМИ в контексте информационных технологий: сборник трудов Первой Всероссийской научно-практической конференции (Санкт-Петербург, 9-10 апреля 2014 г.). СПб.: Изд-во Санкт-Петербургского государственного университета промышленных технологий и дизайна, 2015. С. 55-60.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sharkov, F.I. (2010). Communicology: Fundamentals of communication theory. Moscow: Dashkov and Co Publ. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Freberg K., Graham K., McGaughey K. Who are the social media influencers? A study of public perceptions of personality // Public Relations Review. 2011. Vol. 37. No 1. Pp. 90-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2010.11.001</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shelonayev, S.I. (2015). Evolution and prospects of the Russian media space. Modern Mass Media in the Context of Information Technologies (pp. 55–60). St. Petersburg: Publishing House of the St. Petersburg State University of Industrial Technologies and Design. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kapitan S., Silvera D.H. From Digital media influencers to celebrity endorsers: attributions drive endorser effectiveness, marketing letters // Marketing Letters. 2016. Vol. 27. No 3. Pp. 553-567. https://doi.org/10.1007/S11002-015-9363-0</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Volkova, I.I., Proskurnova, E.L., &amp; Chan, T.T.Z. (2021). On the prospects of news television: Materials of in-depth interviews. Nauchnyi Dialog, (3), 157–170. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2021-3-157-170</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lazarsfeld P., Berelson B., Gaudet H. The people's choice. How the voter makes up his mind in a presidential campaign. New York: Columbia University Press, 1948. 178 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yefanov, A., &amp; Tomin, V. (2020). Public opinion leaders designing in modern neo-information society. Fourth International Scientific Conference Communication Trends in the Post-literacy Era: Multilingualism, Multimodality, Multiculturalism (pp. 299–311). Dubai: KnE Social Sciences. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v4i2.6348</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Muzykant V.L., Muqsith V.A., Burdovskaya E.Y., Palagina I.V., Barabash V.V., Volkova I.I. Contemporary transportation applications as new forms of social construction technology // Proceedings of the 2021 5th World Conference on Smart Trends in Systems Security and Sustainability, WorldS4 2021. London: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2021. Pp. 6-11. https://doi.org/10.1109/WorldS451998.2021.9514063</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yefanov, A.A. (2019). On the conceptual apparatus of modern communicology. Modern Discourses of Sociological Theory and Practice: Proceedings of the XVI All-Russian Part-time Scientific Conference (pp. 16–18). Moscow: Sputnik+ Publ. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pang A., Yingzhi Tan E., Song-Qi Lim R., Yue-Ming Kwan T., Bhardwaj Lakhanpal P. Building effective relations with social media influencers in Singapore // Media Asia. 2016. Vol. 43. No 1. Pp. 56-68. https://doi.org/10.1080/01296612.2016.1177962</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yefanov, A.A. (2021). Deconstruction of the influencer image in the modern media space. Public Opinion Monitoring: Economic and Social Changes, (5), 32–46. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.14515/monitoring.2021.5.1958</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yefanov A., Tomin V. Public opinion leaders designing in modern neo-information society // Fourth International Scientific Conference Communication Trends in the Post-literacy Era: Multilingualism, Multimodality, Multiculturalism. Dubai: KnE Social Sciences, 2020. Pp. 299-311. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v4i2.6348</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list></back></article>
