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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Linguistics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Linguistics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Linguistics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2687-0088</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2686-8024</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">47822</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2687-0088-45985</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">KIBAUR</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАУЧНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Pragmatic markers and ideological positioning in EUROPARL: A corpus-based study</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Прагматические маркеры и идеологическое позиционирование в EUROPARL: корпусное исследование</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title/></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9650-4785</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Furkó</surname><given-names>Péter Bálint</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фурко</surname><given-names>Петер Балинт</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Doctor of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), is Full Professor of Linguistics at the Department of English Linguistics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор наук (доктор Венгерской академии наук), профессор лингвистики кафедры английского языкознания</p></bio><email>furko.peter@kre.hu</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Károli Gáspár University of the Reformed Church in Hungary</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Университет реформатской церкви имени Кароли Гаспара в Венгрии</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-12-29" publication-format="electronic"><day>29</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">Pragmalinguistics: Сorpora and Discourse Studies</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Pragmalinguistics: Сorpora and Discourse Studies</issue-title><fpage>795</fpage><lpage>816</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-12-29"><day>29</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Furkó P.B.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Фурко П.Б.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2025, Furkó P.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Furkó P.B.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фурко П.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Furkó P.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/linguistics/article/view/47822">https://journals.rudn.ru/linguistics/article/view/47822</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p style="text-align: justify;">Political persuasion in institutional contexts often relies on subtle linguistic cues rather than overt argumentation. While Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) has extensively examined macro-level ideological strategies, the micro-pragmatic mechanisms through which everyday expressions shape political meaning remain underexplored. This study addresses this gap by analysing how pragmatic markers contribute to the implicit manipulation and ideological positioning of speakers in European parliamentary discourse. The aim of the paper is to provide tools for the analysis of manipulation and to show how micro-level pragmatic markers can reveal implicit persuasive strategies such as presupposing agreement or invoking shared knowledge. Drawing on the EUROPARL corpus of European Parliament debates, Critical Discourse Analysis, and Furkó’s (2019, 2020) critical-pragmatic approach, it analyzes markers such as <italic>of course, well, but,</italic> and <italic>you know</italic>. The study shows that while traditionally linked to cohesion and interaction management, these markers also play pivotal roles in populist and strategic discursive practices. The interplay of evidential markers, modal adverbs, and general extenders reveals how they jointly background information, reinforce polarization, and recontextualize arguments. Their frequency, distribution, and co-occurrence patterns reflect broader socio-political trends and manipulative strategies of legitimation. Far from being ancillary, pragmatic markers are integral to authority enactment, ideological contestation, suppression of alternative viewpoints, and consensus-building. In addition to corpus methods, the study explores AI-assisted tools for identifying and categorizing pragmatic phenomena in large political corpora, highlighting both their potential and limitations. By integrating pragmatics, corpus linguistics, and CDA, it advances an interdisciplinary approach to language, power, and politics in parliamentary settings.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">Политическое убеждение в институциональном контексте часто опирается не на открытую аргументацию, а на неявные лингвистические сигналы. Несмотря на то, что критический дискурс-анализ (CDA) широко исследовал идеологические стратегии на макроуровне, микропрагматические механизмы, посредством которых повседневные высказывания формируют политический смысл, остаются недостаточно изученными. Данное исследование устраняет этот пробел, анализируя, как прагматические маркеры способствуют имплицитной манипуляции и идеологическому позиционированию спикеров в европейском парламентском дискурсе. Цель статьи — предложить инструменты для анализа манипуляции и показать, как прагматические маркеры на микроуровне могут раскрывать имплицитные стратегии убеждения, такие как предположение о согласии или использование общих знаний. Опираясь на корпус материалов дебатов Европейского парламента EUROPARL и критико-прагматический подход Фурко (2019, 2020), анализируются такие маркеры, как <italic>of course, well, but</italic> и <italic>you know. </italic>Проведенный критический дискурс-анализ показал, что, хотя эти маркеры традиционно рассматриваются как средства организации текста, они также играют ключевую роль в стратегических дискурсивных практиках. Взаимодействие доказательных маркеров, модальных наречий и общих расширителей совместно формируют фоновую информацию, усиливают поляризацию и реконтекстуализируют аргументы. Частотность употребления прагматических маркеров, их распределение и паттерны совместной встречаемости отражают более широкие социально-политические тенденции и манипулятивные стратегии. Исследование показало, что прагматические маркеры являются важным средством демонстрации власти, идеологической борьбы, подавления иного мнения и достижения консенсуса. Помимо корпусных методов, в исследовании рассматриваются инструменты с поддержкой ИИ, используемые для выявления и категоризации прагматических феноменов в крупных политических корпусах. Отмечается как их потенциал, так и ограничения. Интеграция прагматики, корпусной лингвистики и критического дискурс-анализа развивает междисциплинарный подход к изучению взаимодействия языка, власти и политики в парламентской среде.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"/><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pragmatic markers</kwd><kwd>parliamentary discourse</kwd><kwd>critical discourse analysis</kwd><kwd>ideological positioning</kwd><kwd>corpus linguistics</kwd><kwd>manipulative strategies</kwd><kwd>populist rhetoric</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>прагматические маркеры</kwd><kwd>парламентский дискурс</kwd><kwd>критический дискурс-анализ</kwd><kwd>идеологическое позиционирование</kwd><kwd>корпусная лингвистика</kwd><kwd>манипулятивные стратегии</kwd><kwd>популистская риторика</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta><fn-group/></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Aijmer, Karin. 2013. Understanding Pragmatic Markers: A Variational Pragmatic Approach. 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