Russian Journal of LinguisticsRussian Journal of LinguisticsRussian Journal of Linguistics2687-00882686-8024Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)4217710.22363/2687-0088-40518LAGJWYArticlesСтатьиArticlesResearch ArticleFrom truth to truly: The case of shinni ‘truly’ in Japanese compared to Chinese, Korean and Thai counterpartsОт истины к истинно: shinni в японском языке в сравнении с китайскими, корейским и тайским когнатамиhttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-0086-572XHigashiizumiYukoХигасиидзумиЮко

Visiting Research Fellow of the Institute of Human Sciences at Toyo University, Tokyo, Japan. She received her PhD in English linguistics from Dokkyo University, Japan, in 2004. Her primary research interest is Japanese linguistics and historical pragmatics. She published research articles in Journal of Historical Pragmatics and East Asian Pragmatics, among others.

приглашенный научный сотрудник Института гуманитарных наук в Университете Тойо, Токио, Япония. Она получила степень PhD по английской лингвистике в Университете Доккё, Япония, в 2004 году. Основные научные интересы - японская лингвистика и историческая прагматика. Автор научных статей, опубликованных в Journal of Historical Pragmatics, East Asian Pragmatics и др.

higashiizumi.yuko.1@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0006-2268-1486ShibasakiReijirouШибасакиРейджиро

Professor of English at the School of Interdisciplinary Mathematical Sciences, Meiji University, Tokyo, Japan. He received his PhD in Linguistics from University of California at Santa Barbara. His research focuses on historical linguistics and discourse analysis, especially in English and Japanese. His recent research articles are included in, inter alia, Studies at the Grammar-Discourse Interface (2021, John Benjamins), Different Slants of Grammaticalization (2023, John Benjamins), Journal of Japanese Linguistics (2023, De Gruyter Mouton), and Gengo Kenkyu (2024, Journal of the Linguistic Society of Japan).

профессор английского языка, преподает в Школе междисциплинарных математических наук в Университете Мэйдзи, Токио, Япония. Получил степень PhD по лингвистике в Калифорнийском университете в Санта-Барбаре, США. Его исследования сосредоточены на исторической лингвистике и анализе дискурса, особенно на английском и японском языках. Его последние статьи опубликованы в Studies at the Grammar-Discourse Interface (2021, John Benjamins), Different Slants of Grammaticalization (2023, John Benjamins), Journal of Japanese Linguistics (2023, De Gruyter Mouton) и Gengo Kenkyu (2024, Журнал лингвистического общества Японии).

reijiro@meiji.ac.jphttps://orcid.org/0009-0007-8370-0043TakahashiKeikoТакахасиКейко

Visiting Research Fellow of the Institute of Human Sciences at Toyo University, Tokyo, Japan. She received her degree of M.A. (Language and Information Sciences) from Tokyo University, Japan, in 2000. Her primary research interest is Japanese linguistics and historical sociopragmatics. She published research articles in the Japanese Journal of Language in Society, Journal of Japanese Language Teaching, Academic Japanese Journal, among others.

приглашенный научный сотрудник Института гуманитарных наук в Университете Тойо, Токио, Япония. Она получила степень магистра (языковые и информационные науки) в Токийском университете, в 2000 г. Основные области исследования - японская лингвистика и историческая социопрагматика. Автор статей, опубликованных в журналах Japanese Journal of Language in Society, Journal of Japanese Language Teaching, Academic Japanese Journal и др.

ktakahashi@toyo.jpToyo UniversityУниверситет ТойоMeiji UniversityУниверситет Мэйдзи15122024284Discourse-pragmatic markers of (inter)subjective stance in Asian languages: With special focus on Chinese etymonsDiscourse-pragmatic markers of (inter)subjective stance in Asian languages: With special focus on Chinese etymons84386426122024Copyright ©; 2024, Higashiizumi Y., Shibasaki R., Takahashi K.Copyright ©; 2024, Хигасиидзуми Ю., Шибасаки Р., Такахаси К.Copyright ©; 2024, Higashiizumi Y., Shibasaki R., Takahashi K.2024Higashiizumi Y., Shibasaki R., Takahashi K.Хигасиидзуми Ю., Шибасаки Р., Такахаси К.Higashiizumi Y., Shibasaki R., Takahashi K.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0https://journals.rudn.ru/linguistics/article/view/42177

This study traces the development of the adverb shinni ‘truly’, a hybrid form consisting of the Sino-Japanese noun shin (眞/真) ‘truth’ and the adverbializer -ni of Japanese origin, in the history of Japanese. The goal of the study is to compare the developmental pathway of shinni with that of ‘truth’-related words derived from the same Chinese word 眞/真 in Chinese, Korean, and Thai in order to seek commonalities and differences among them. In these languages, it is reported that some words with眞/真 have developed from “true” to “intensive”, and have further developed a number of interactional functions as discourse markers (DMs). The data were obtained from various historical and modern corpora and database. A total of 1810 occurrences of shinni in written and spoken Japanese of various genres were analysed with the focus on their pragmatic function. The study confirms a commonality in the development from “true” to “intensive” in shinni , illustrating its evolution from the noun shin (“true”) to the use of shinni that can be interpreted as serving to intensify the illocutionary force of what is being said (i.e., “intensive”). In contrast, this study finds that shinni does not bear any DM functions that some words with眞/真in Chinese, Korean, and Thai have developed. This study discussed the possibility that, due to various factors, the pace of change at advanced stages of grammaticalization may be more diversified than has previously been suggested.

В настоящем исследовании прослеживается развитие наречия shinni ‘истинно’ - гибридной формы, состоящей из китайско-японского существительного shin (眞/真) ‘истина’ и наречия ni японского происхождения - в японском языке в диахроническом аспекте. Цель исследования сравнить траекторию развития shinni с траекторией слов, производных от того же китайского слова 眞/真 в китайском, корейском и тайском языках, и выявить их общие черты и различия. В этих языках некоторые слова с 眞/真 развились от «истина/правда» до «усилитель» и в дальнейшем приобрели ряд функций дискурсивных маркеров (ДM). Данные были получены из различных исторических и современных корпусов, а также баз данных. В общей сложности были проанализированы 1810 случаев использования shinni в письменных и устных японских текстах различных жанров с акцентом на их прагматических функциях. Исследование подтверждает общность в развитии shinni от «истина» до «усилитель» иллюстрируя его эволюцию от существительного shin («истина») до shinni - как усилителя иллокутивной силы высказывания. Исследование показывает, что shinni не несет никаких функций ДМ, которые развились у некоторых слов с 眞/真 в китайском, корейском и тайском языках. Полученные результаты позволяют сделать предположение о том, что из-за различных факторов темпы изменений, происходящих на продвинутых стадиях грамматикализации, могут не совпадать.

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