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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Linguistics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Linguistics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Linguistics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2687-0088</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2686-8024</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">40908</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2687-0088-39993</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">TGXXNC</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The pragmatics of denial and resistance: Some theoretical and methodological considerations</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Прагматика отторжения и неприятия: теоретические и методологические аспекты</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title/></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7547-150X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Abdel-Raheem</surname><given-names>Ahmed</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абдель-Рахим</surname><given-names>Ахмед</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>faculty at Siedlce University, Institute of Linguistics and Literary Studies, in Siedlce, Poland. Нe held lectureship and research positions at Umm al-Qura University in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, Poland, and at both Leuphana University Luneburg and Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg in Germany. He is author of two monographs, Pictorial framing in moral politics: A corpus-based experimental study (2019, Routledge) and Frame flouting: A theory of language and mind (Routledge, forthcoming).</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>преподаватель Университета Седльце, Института лингвистики и литературоведения, Седльце, Польша. Занимал должность преподавателя и исследователя в Университете Умм-аль-Кура в Мекке (Саудовская Аравия), Университете Марии Кюри-Склодовской в Люблине (Польша), а также в Университете Люнебурга и Университете Мартина Лютера в Галле-Виттенберге (Германия). Автор монографий Pictorial framing in moral politics: A corpus-based experimental (2019, Routledge) и Frame flouting: A theory of language and mind (Routledge, в печати).</p></bio><email>ahmedelsayed20017@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Siedlce University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Седльцкий университет</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-10-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 28, NO3 (2024)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 28, №3 (2024)</issue-title><fpage>491</fpage><lpage>511</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-10-05"><day>05</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Abdel-Raheem A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Абдель-Рахим А.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2024, Abdel-Raheem A.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Abdel-Raheem A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Абдель-Рахим А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Abdel-Raheem A.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/linguistics/article/view/40908">https://journals.rudn.ru/linguistics/article/view/40908</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p style="text-align: justify;">This paper presents a theory of audience-resistance and speaker-denial. The paper commences with the problem of definition, encompassing an analysis of the scope and nature of denial and resistance. The data for this study were primarily obtained from mainstream and social media postings in two languages: English and Arabic. The article primarily draws on discourse and socio-cognitive frameworks. The paper’s principal question is how and why Arab and English speakers may resist or deny a remark. Previous research on resistance to figurative language has focused predominantly on the rhetorical trope of metaphor and on what drives the English political and media elite to reject a metaphoric expression. However, this raises an important question that is rarely asked: how and why do members of the general public resist verbal metaphors, and what about other tropes such as hyperbole and metonymy, other languages such as Arabic, and other modalities such as images and art forms? The paper argues that the existing literature on meaning negotiation and/or human dialogic action and behavior is riddled with fundamental theoretical, methodological, and analytical flaws. The paper aims to fill in this gap and has significant implications both for conceptual metaphor theory and for (non-)deliberate language use.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">В данной статье изложена теория отторжения и неприятия с позиций аудитории и говорящего. В ней дается определение отторжения и неприятия, обсуждаются их рамки и природа. Работа основывается на материале сообщений в основных и социальных сетях на двух языках - английском и арабском. Статья опирается на социально-когнитивные теории дискурса. Главный вопрос статьи - как и почему носители арабского и английского языка отторгают и не принимают сообщения. Предыдущие исследования неприятия образного языка были посвящены преимущественно такому риторическому тропу, как метафора, и тому, что побуждает английскую политическую и медийную элиту отвергать метафорические выражения. Это поднимает важный вопрос, который редко задается: как и почему представители широкой общественности не принимают вербальные метафоры, а также другие тропы, такие как гипербола и метонимия; что происходит в других языках, например, арабском, и в других сферах, таких как изобразительное искусств. В статье показано, что имеющаяся литература, посвященная обсуждению смысла и/или диалогического действия и поведения человека содержит существенные теоретические, методологические и аналитические недостатки. Статья вносит значительный вклад в теорию концептуальной метафоры и преднамеренного или спонтанного использования языка.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"/><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>speaker-denial</kwd><kwd>audience-resistance</kwd><kwd>multimodal discourse</kwd><kwd>deliberateness</kwd><kwd>empirical pragmatics</kwd><kwd>cross-cultural communication</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>неприятие говорящего</kwd><kwd>отторжение аудиторией</kwd><kwd>мультимодальный дискурс</kwd><kwd>преднамеренность</kwd><kwd>эмпирическая прагматика</kwd><kwd>кросскультурная коммуникация</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Amsalem, Eran &amp; Alon Zoizner. 2022. Real, but limited: A meta-analytic assessment of framing effects in the political domain. 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