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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Linguistics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Linguistics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Linguistics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2687-0088</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2686-8024</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">35191</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2687-0088-30055</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">LNFJCF</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Mapping models in novel metaphors and their effect on gaze behavior and default interpretations in native and target languages</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Модели окказиональных метафор и их влияние на глазодвигательное поведение и распознавание в родном и иностранном языках</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7215-0604</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kiose</surname><given-names>Maria I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киосе</surname><given-names>Мария Ивановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor Habil. of Philology, Associate Professor, leading researcher of the Centre for Socio-Cognitive studies (Moscow State Linguistic University) and of Multi-channel Communication Laboratory (Institute of Linguistics, Russian Academy of Sciences). Her research interests embrace cognitive semantics, indirect naming in text, referential semantics, oculographic and corpus-based research of text inference and generation process.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор филологических наук, доцент, ведущий научный сотрудник Центра социокогнитивных исследований дискурса Московского государственного лингвистического университета и Лаборатории мультиканальной коммуникации Института языкознания РАН. В сферу ее научных интересов входят: когнитивная семантика, непрямое наименование в тексте, референциальная семантика, окулографические и корпусные методы анализа восприятия и порождения текста.</p></bio><email>maria_kiose@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow State Linguistic University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный лингвистический университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Linguistics RAS</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт языкознания РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-06-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 27, NO2 (2023)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 27, №2 (2023)</issue-title><fpage>297</fpage><lpage>315</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-07-04"><day>04</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Kiose M.I.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Киосе М.И.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2023, Kiose M.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kiose M.I.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Киосе М.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Kiose M.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/linguistics/article/view/35191">https://journals.rudn.ru/linguistics/article/view/35191</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p style="text-align: justify;">In the study, we address the problem of existing differences in reading and understanding novel metaphors in the text fragments in native and target languages (L1 and L2), with these differences potentially attributed to both the specifics of forming analogies in native and target languages, and the mapping characteristics of metaphors. The study identifies the contingency effects of several primary metaphors onto the gaze behavior and default interpretation of textual novel metaphors in L1 (Russian) and L2 (English). To proceed, we use the text fragments in L1 and L2 containing novel metaphors appearing in more and less focal syntactic positions in a two-stage oculographic experiment. We obtain the participants’ gaze metrics values and the participants’ responses specifying the target domains of the novel metaphors, which further allows us to disclose the contingencies. Methodologically, the study is grounded in the metaphor processing theories developed in cognitive psychology, which explore the structure of analogical reasoning and associative fluency as manifesting potentially different effects in L1 and L2. To validate it, we also address the cognitive linguistic theories which provide the framework for identifying the primary metaphor models (here the models PATIENT (OBJECT) IS AGENT, PARTS ARE WHOLE, CONCRETE IS ABSTRACT) and for testing their effect onto information construal. We hypothesize that reading and understanding metaphors will proceed differently in L1 and L2, which is attributed to associative fluency in metaphor mapping in native and target languages. The experiment results do not show the differences in understanding the mapping model PATIENT (OBJECT) IS AGENT in L1 and L2, whereas these differences appear in understanding the models PARTS ARE WHOLE and CONCRETE IS ABSTRACT with higher default interpretation index in L1. The model PATIENT (OBJECT) IS AGENT is also found to stimulate higher gaze costs. The results suffice to claim that there are differences in the cognitive costs produced by primary metaphor models, which allows us to range and specify their role in information construal in L1 and L2.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">В исследовании решается проблема установления различий в восприятии и распознавании окказиональных метафор в тексте на родном и иностранном языках, обусловленных как особенностями ассоциативного мышления читателей, так и характеристиками самих метафор. Целью настоящей работы является определение влияния ряда базовых метафорических моделей на глазодвигательное поведение и распознавание текстовых окказиональных метафор в родном (русском) и иностранном (английском) языках. В качестве материала исследования используются фрагменты художественных текстов, содержащие окказиональные метафоры в разных синтаксических позициях; также материалом выступают характеристики глазодвигательного поведения читателей и ответы читателей, фиксирующие распознавание сфер-целей метафоры. Методологически исследование опирается на постулат о значимости когнитивного процесса установления аналогий (analogical reasoning) и его основной характеристики, скорости ассоциативного мышления, для чтения и распознавания метафор на родном и иностранном языках, а также на постулат о влиянии типов базовых метафорических моделей (СТАТИЧЕСКИЙ ОБЪЕКТ ЕСТЬ ДИНАМИЧЕСКИЙ ОБЪЕКТ, ЧАСТИ ЕСТЬ ЦЕЛОЕ, АБСТРАКТНОЕ ЕСТЬ КОНКРЕТНОЕ) на восприятие и понимание содержания прочитанного. Гипотеза исследования заключается в том, что восприятие и распознавание метафор будет демонстрировать определенные различия применительно к родному и иностранному языку, что обусловлено скоростью установления ассоциаций. Результаты проведенного окулографического эксперимента показали отсутствие различий в успешности распознавания модели СТАТИЧЕСКИЙ ОБЪЕКТ ЕСТЬ ДИНАМИЧЕСКИЙ ОБЪЕКТ, в то время как успешность распознавания моделей ЧАСТИ ЕСТЬ ЦЕЛОЕ, АБСТРАКТНОЕ ЕСТЬ КОНКРЕТНОЕ выше в родном языке. Также установлено, что модель СТАТИЧЕСКИЙ ОБЪЕКТ ЕСТЬ ДИНАМИЧЕСКИЙ ОБЪЕКТ стимулирует увеличение продолжительности глазодвигательных реакций. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о ранжированной значимости базовых метафорических моделей для восприятия и понимания, что позволяет уточнить их роль в процессах конструирования информации на родном и иностранном языках.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>novel metaphor</kwd><kwd>metaphor mapping model</kwd><kwd>native language</kwd><kwd>target language</kwd><kwd>gaze behavior</kwd><kwd>default interpretation</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>окказиональная метафора</kwd><kwd>метафорическая модель</kwd><kwd>родной язык</kwd><kwd>изучаемый язык</kwd><kwd>глазодвигательное поведение</kwd><kwd>распознавание</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This research is financially supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project  No. 22-28-01754 “Cognitive Load Economy in Media Texts Interpretation: Multimodal Corpus of Oculographic Reactions MultiCOR” and was carried out at the Centre for SocioCognitive Discourse Studies at Moscow State Linguistic University.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Altmann, Gerry T. 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