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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Linguistics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Linguistics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Linguistics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2687-0088</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2686-8024</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">32952</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2687-0088-32167</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Emotions and attitudes in present day Russian through the prism of new words: Cultural semantics of zhest’ and related concepts</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эмоции и отношения в современном русском языке через призму неологизмов: культурная семантика слова жесть и связанных с ним понятий</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4225-4805</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gladkova</surname><given-names>Anna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гладкова</surname><given-names>Анна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>received her PhD in Linguistics from the Australian National University. She is an Honorary Lecturer in Linguistics at the Australian National University and a Digital Professor at the Higher School of Economics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>получила степень PhD по лингвистике в Австралийском национальном университете, где является почетным лектором. Также она - профессор Высшей Школы Экономики (Нижний Новгород).</p></bio><email>angladkova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Australian National University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Австралийский национальный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Higher School of Economics</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Высшая школа экономики</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-12-22" publication-format="electronic"><day>22</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">“Meaning ⇔ Text” Theory in the Linguistic Universe In honour of Igor MEL’ČUK</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Теория  «Смысл ⇔ Текст» в лингвистической вселенной К юбилею И.А. МЕЛЬЧУКА</issue-title><fpage>970</fpage><lpage>994</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-12-21"><day>21</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Gladkova A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Гладкова А.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2022, Gladkova A.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gladkova A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гладкова А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Gladkova A.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/linguistics/article/view/32952">https://journals.rudn.ru/linguistics/article/view/32952</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p style="text-align: justify;">Contemporary Russian lexicon is characterized by rapid change which involves borrowings, the use of new words and expressions as well as the development of new meanings from the existing word forms. The new meanings are indicative of new attitudes or the reinforcement of the existing ones. In this context, the paper considers the recently emerged colloquial use of the word zhest’ (from the primary meaning of zhest’ ‘tin’ as a type of metal) and the increase of use of the words zhestkii ‘hard/tough/firm’ and zhestko ‘firmly/toughly’ as examples of ‘internal’ language processes. The word zhest’ is a colloquial word mainly used in youth slang, but also infiltrating other types of discourse. We analyze its use as an interjection, as well as a noun in predicative and attributive functions. Zhestkii and zhestko are shown to rise in use and to be prevalent in the political discourse as a sign of power. The paper aims to trace the rise in frequency of the words under the analysis, study their semantics and establish links between the meaning of the words and broader Russian cultural themes. This kind of linguistic analysis with focus on cultural aspects allows us to identify culturally prevalent ideas in present day Russian. The paper uses the Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM) as a method of semantic analysis relying on data from the Russian National Corpus. Based on a detailed semantic analysis, the paper proposes NSM explications of zhest’ , zhestkii and zhestko , identifies connections between their meanings and the cultural themes of ‘emotionality’, ‘not being in control’ and ‘strait talk’, and recognizes the increased cultural salience of these words in present day Russian. The study uncovers trends of the contemporary Russian language uses and can be applied in culture-enhanced language teaching and cross-cultural training.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">Современный русский лексикон подвержен стремительным изменениям, таким как заимствования, использование новых слов и выражений, а также появление новых значений у существующих словоформ. Новые значения являются проявлениями новых или усилением существующих культурных представлений. В статье рассматривается недавно возникшее разговорное употребление слова жесть (от первичного значения жесть как вида металла) и рост употребления слов жесткий и жестко как примеров «внутренних» языковых процессов. Слово жесть является разговорным словом и употребляется, в основном, в молодежном сленге, но также проникает в другие типы дискурса. В статье рассматриваются употребления слова жесть в качестве междометия, а также существительного в предикативных и атрибутивных функциях. Жесткий и жестко употребляются в политическом дискурсе как знаки власти. Цель статьи - проследить увеличение частотности анализируемых слов, изучить их семантику и установить связи между значением слов и культурными темами русского языка. Проведение данного лингвистического анализа с вниманием к культурным аспектам значения позволяет выделить культурно-значимые идеи в русском языке сегодня. Естественный семантический метаязык (ЕСМ) используется в качестве метода семантического анализа, языковые примеры взяты из Национального корпуса русского языка. На основе детального семантического анализа в статье предлагаются ЕСМ толкования слов жесть , жесткий и жестко , выявляется связь их значений с культурными темами «эмоциональность», «отсутствие контроля» и «откровенный разговор», и отмечается возросшая культурная значимость этих слов в современном русском языке. Исследование раскрывает тенденции использования современного русского языка, и его результаты могут быть применены в преподавании языка с углубленным изучением культуры и обучении межкультурной коммуникации.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Russian</kwd><kwd>language change</kwd><kwd>Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM)</kwd><kwd>youth slang</kwd><kwd>political discourse</kwd><kwd>emotions</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>русский язык</kwd><kwd>изменение языка</kwd><kwd>Естественный семантический метаязык (ЕСМ)</kwd><kwd>молодежный сленг</kwd><kwd>политический дискурс</kwd><kwd>эмоции</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Alba-Juez, Laura &amp; Tatiana Larina. 2018. Language and emotion: Discourse-pragmatic perspectives. 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