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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Linguistics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Linguistics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Linguistics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2687-0088</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2686-8024</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">31327</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2687-0088-30171</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Natural language processing and discourse complexity studies</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Обработка естественного языка и изучение сложности дискурса</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1885-3039</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Solnyshkina</surname><given-names>Marina Ivanovna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солнышкина</surname><given-names>Марина Ивановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor Habil. (Philology), Professor of the Department of Theory and Practice of Foreign Language Teaching, Head of “Text Analytics” Research Lab at the Institute of Philology and Intercultural Communication</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор филологических наук, профессор кафедры теории и практики преподавания иностранных языков, руководитель НИЛ «Текстовая аналитика» Института филологии и межкультурной коммуникации</p></bio><email>mesoln@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>McNamara</surname><given-names>Danielle S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макнамара</surname><given-names>Даниэль С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en">Ph.D., is Professor of Psychology in the Psychology Department and Senior Scientist</bio><bio xml:lang="ru">доктор наук, профессор кафедры психологии</bio><email>Danielle.McNamara@asu.edu</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2692-1698</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zamaletdinov</surname><given-names>Radif Rifkatovich</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Замалетдинов</surname><given-names>Радиф Рифкатович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor Habil. (Philology), Professor, Director of the Institute of Philology and Intercultural Communication</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор филологических наук, профессор, директор Института филологии и межкультурной коммуникации</p></bio><email>director.ifmk@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan Federal University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Arizona State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Университет штата Аризона</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-06-29" publication-format="electronic"><day>29</day><month>06</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">Computational Linguistics and Discourse Complexology</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Компьютерная лингвистика и дискурсивная комплексология</issue-title><fpage>317</fpage><lpage>341</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-06-29"><day>29</day><month>06</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Solnyshkina M.I., McNamara D.S., Zamaletdinov R.R.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Солнышкина М.И., Макнамара Д.С., Замалетдинов Р.Р.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2022, Solnyshkina M., McNamara D., Zamaletdinov R.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Solnyshkina M.I., McNamara D.S., Zamaletdinov R.R.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Солнышкина М.И., Макнамара Д.С., Замалетдинов Р.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Solnyshkina M., McNamara D., Zamaletdinov R.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/linguistics/article/view/31327">https://journals.rudn.ru/linguistics/article/view/31327</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p style="text-align: justify;">The study presents an overview of discursive complexology, an integral paradigm of linguistics, cognitive studies and computer linguistics aimed at defining discourse complexity. The article comprises three main parts, which successively outline views on the category of linguistic complexity, history of discursive complexology and modern methods of text complexity assessment. Distinguishing the concepts of linguistic complexity, text and discourse complexity, we recognize an absolute nature of text complexity assessment and relative nature of discourse complexity, determined by linguistic and cognitive abilities of a recipient. Founded in the 19th century, text complexity theory is still focused on defining and validating complexity predictors and criteria for text perception difficulty. We briefly characterize the five previous stages of discursive complexology: formative, classical, period of closed tests, constructive-cognitive and period of natural language processing. We also present the theoretical foundations of Coh-Metrix, an automatic analyzer, based on a five-level cognitive model of perception. Computing not only lexical and syntactic parameters, but also text level parameters, situational models and rhetorical structures, Coh-Metrix provides a high level of accuracy of discourse complexity assessment. We also show the benefits of natural language processing models and a wide range of application areas of text profilers and digital platforms such as LEXILE and ReaderBench. We view parametrization and development of complexity matrix of texts of various genres as the nearest prospect for the development of discursive complexology which may enable a higher accuracy of inter- and intra-linguistic contrastive studies, as well as automating selection and modification of texts for various pragmatic purposes.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">В исследовании представлен обзор формирования и развития дискурсивной комплексологии - интегрального научного направления, объединившего лингвистов, когнитологов и программистов, занимающихся проблемами сложности дискурса. Статья включает три основных части, в которых последовательно изложены взгляды на категорию сложности, история дискурсивной комплексологии и современные методы оценки сложности текста. Разграничивая понятия сложности языка, текста и дискурса, мы признаем абсолютный характер оценки сложности текста и относительный, зависимый от языковой личности реципиента характер сложности дискурса. Проблематика теории сложности текста, основы которой были заложены в XIX в., сфокусирована на поиске и валидации предикторов сложности и критериев трудности восприятия текста. Мы кратко характеризуем пять предыдущих этапов развития дискурсивной комплексологии: формирующего, классического, периода закрытых тестов, конструктивно-когнитивного и периода обработки естественно языка, а также подробно описываем современное состояние науки в данной области. Мы представляем теоретическую базу автоматического анализатора Coh-Metrix - пятиуровневую когнитивную модель восприятия, позволившую обеспечить высокий уровень точности оценки сложности и включить в список предикторов сложности текста не только лексические и синтаксические параметры, но и параметры текстового уровня, ситуационной модели и риторических структур. На примере нескольких инструментов (LEXILE, ReaderBench и др.) мы показываем области применения данных инструментов, включающие образование, социальную сферу, бизнес и др. Ближайшая перспектива развития дискурсивной комплексологии состоит в параметризации и создании типологии сложности текстов различных жанров для обеспечения более высокой точности меж- и внутриязыкового сопоставления, а также для автоматизации подбора текстов в различных лингвопрагматических условиях.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>text complexity</kwd><kwd>discourse</kwd><kwd>cognitive model</kwd><kwd>automatic analyzer</kwd><kwd>natural language processing</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сложность текста</kwd><kwd>дискурсивная комплексология</kwd><kwd>когнитивная модель</kwd><kwd>автоматический анализатор</kwd><kwd>обработка естественного языка</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This paper has been supported by the Kazan Federal University Strategic Academic Leadership Program (PRIORITY-2030).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена за счет средств Программы стратегического академического лидерства Казанского (Приволжского) федерального университета (ПРИОРИТЕТ-2030).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Anderson, Philip. 1972. 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