<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Linguistics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Linguistics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Linguistics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2687-0088</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2686-8024</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">24951</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2687-0088-24951</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Universality vs. cultural specificity of anger metaphors and metonymies in English and Vietnamese idioms</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Универсальные vs. культурно-специфические характеристики метафор и метонимий co значением гнева в английском и вьетнамском языках</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3716-1137</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tran</surname><given-names>Ba Tien</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тран</surname><given-names>Ба Тьен</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="VN">Viet Nam</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD., is a lecturer of linguistics at the Foreign Languages Faculty – Vinh University (Vietnam), where he has been teaching undergraduate and graduate courses in English linguistics and second language acquisition for over 20 years. He is on the Advisory Panel of Vietnam’s National Foreign Languages Project and a journal reviewer. His research interests and publications center on cognitive linguistics, cross-cultural communication, and multiple intelligences in teaching English as a foreign language.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор наук, доцент факультета иностранных языков Виньского университета (Вьетнам), где уже более 20 лет преподает английскую лингвистику, а также теорию и практику преподавания иностранных языков. Является членом Консультативной группы Вьетнамского национального проекта иностранных языков и рецензентом научных статей. В сферу его исследовательских интересов входят когнитивная лингвистика, кросскультурная коммуникация, а также различные аспекты преподавания английского языка как иностранного.</p></bio><email>tientb@vinhuni.edu.vn</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Vinh University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Виньский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-03-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 26, NO1 (2022)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 26, №1 (2022)</issue-title><fpage>74</fpage><lpage>94</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-11-15"><day>15</day><month>11</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-12-12"><day>12</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Tran B.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Тран Б.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2022, Tran B.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tran B.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тран Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Tran B.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/linguistics/article/view/24951">https://journals.rudn.ru/linguistics/article/view/24951</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p style="text-align: justify;">As a human basic emotion, anger has been extensively investigated to gain insights into human cognition and psychology. From the cognitive linguistic perspective, research into metaphor and metonymy of anger across languages can shed light on the cultural models of respective speech communities. This paper looks into metaphors and metonymies of anger in Vietnamese and English idioms to find out how this emotion is conceptualized in each language, what features are universal and what characteristics are culturally specific. The Conceptual Metaphor Theory framework proposed by Lakoff &amp; Johnson (1980) was used for data analysis, which involves 68 English and 52 Vietnamese idioms. It was found that both languages conceptualize anger based on embodied experiences as well as cultural models. Six major conceptual metaphors of anger are identified with more diverse elaborations in Vietnamese idioms. Cultural differences are that Vietnamese makes frequent use of body parts and internal organs metonymies while English tends to utilize the whole body to describe emotional states. Vietnamese feudalist values and folk culture are also evident in the metaphorical and metonymic idioms of anger. These findings have both linguistic significance and pedagogical implications. It is suggested that awareness of conceptual motivation should be promoted when teaching idioms as figurative, metaphorically based expressions.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">Гнев как одна из базовых человеческих эмоций является объектом многочисленных исследований, позволяющих постичь особенности когниции и психологии. С точки зрения когнитивной лингвистики изучение метафор и метонимий, выражающих гнев в разных языках, может пролить свет на культурные модели соответствующих языковых сообществ. В настоящей статье рассматриваются вьетнамские и английские идиомы, основанные на метафорах и метонимиях со значением гнева, с целью выявить, как эмоции концептуализуются в этих языках и какие черты универсальны, а какие культурно-специфичны. Для анализа данных, включающих 68 английских и 52 вьетнамские идиомы, используется Теория концептуальной метафоры Лакоффа и Джонсона (1980). Показано, что в обоих языках концептуализация гнева определяется телесным опытом и культурными моделями. Выявлено шесть концептуальных метафор гнева, разнообразными способами воплощенных во вьетнамских идиомах. Культурные различия заключаются в том, что вьетнамцы часто метонимически используют наименования различных частей тела и внутренних органов, в то время как в английском языке обозначение эмоциональных состояний, как правило, основано на целостных телесных образах. Во вьетнамских метафорических и метонимических идиомах, выражающих гнев, также проявляются феодальные ценности и народная культура. Полученные результаты значимы как для лингвистики, так и педагогики. Утверждается, что в процессе преподавания следует принимать во внимание концептуальную мотивацию идиом как образных выражений, метафоричных по своей природе.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>anger, metaphor, metonymy, cognitive linguistics, emotion</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гнев, метафора, метонимия, когнитивная лингвистика, эмоция</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Abbasvandi, Mehdi &amp; Mojtaba Maghsoudi. 2013. A contrastive socio-pragmatic analysis of anger metaphors in English and Persian. European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences 2(2). 50–58.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Athen, Gary. 1998. American Ways: A Guide for Foreigners in the United States. Main: Intercultural press Inc.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Axtell, Roger. 1998. Gestures: The Dos and Taboos of Body Language around the World. New York: John Wiley &amp; sons, Inc.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Barrett, Lisa F. 2017. The theory of constructed emotion: An active inference account of interoception and categorization. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience 12(11). 1–23.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Boers, Frank. 2001. Remembering figurative idioms by hypothesizing about their origin. Prospect 16(3). 35–43.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Bui, Phu Hung. 2019. A cognitive linguistic approach to teaching English idioms to EFL students: Experimental results. 3L: The Southeast Asian Journal of English Language Studies 25(2). 113–126.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Constantinou, Maria. 2014. Conceptual metaphors of Anger in popularized scientific texts: Acontrastive (English/Greek/French) cognitive-discursive approach. In F. H. Baider and G. Cislaru (eds.), Linguistic Approaches to Emotions in Context, 159–188. John Benjamins Publishing House.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Ekman, Paul.1999. Basic emotion. In Tim Dalgleish and Mick Power (eds.), Handbook of Cognition and Emotion, 45–60. New York: John Wiley and Sons.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Ekman, Paul. 2003. Emotions Revealed. New York: Henry Holt and Company.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Feldman, Jerome A. 2006. From Molecule to Metaphor: A Neural Theory of Language. The MIT Press.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Gallois, Cynthia &amp; Victor Callan. 1997. Communication and Culture: A Guide for Practice. England: John Wiley &amp; Sons.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Geeraerts, Dirk. 2002. The interaction of metaphor and metonymy in composite expressions. In René Dirven &amp; Ralf Pörings (eds.), Metaphor and Metonymy in Comparison and Contrast, 435–465. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Hoàng, Trọng Quang. 2008. Y học cổ truyền, Nhà xuất bản Y học/Hoang Trong Quang. Traditional Medicine. Hanoi: Medicine Publishing House.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Hofstede, Geert. 1991. Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind. London: McGraw-Hill.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Keysar, Boaz &amp; Martin B. Bly. 1999. Swimmers against the current: Do idioms reflect conceptual structure? Journal of Pragmatics 31(12). 1559–1578.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Kövecses, Zoltán &amp; Péter Szabó. 1996. Idioms: A view from cognitive linguistics. Applied Linguistics 17. 326–355.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Kövecses, Zoltán. 2000. Metaphor and Emotion: Language, Culture, and Body in Human Feeling. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Kövecses, Zoltán. 2002. Metaphor: A Practical Introduction. USA: Oxford University Press.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Kövecses, Zoltán. 2005. Metaphor in Culture: Universality and Variation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Lakoff, George &amp; Mark Johnson. 1980. Metaphors We Live By. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Lakoff, George. 1987. Women, Fire, and Dangerous Things: What Categories Reveal about the Mind. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>Lakoff, George &amp; Zoltán Kovecses. 1987. The cognitive model of anger inherent in American English. In D. Holland &amp; Q. Naomi (eds.), Cultural Models in Language and Thought, 195–221. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>Lakoff, George and Mark Turner. 1989. More Than Cool Reasons. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><mixed-citation>Lakoff, George. 2008. The Political Mind: Why You Can’t Understand 21st Century Politics with an 18th Century Brain. New York: Viking.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><mixed-citation>Lê, Văn Sửu. 1998. The Theories of Ying-Yang and Five Elements. Hanoi: Culture and Information Publishing House.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><mixed-citation>Lindquist, Kristen et al. 2012. The brain basis of emotion: A meta-analytic review. Behavioral and Brain Science 35(3).121–143. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X11000446.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B27"><label>27.</label><mixed-citation>Liu, Dilin. 2008. Idioms: Descriptions, Comprehension, Acquisition, and Pedagogy. USA: Routledge.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B28"><label>28.</label><mixed-citation>Makkai, Adam. 2003. A Dictionary of American Idioms. USA: The Barron’s.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B29"><label>29.</label><mixed-citation>Matsuki, Keiko. 1995. Metaphors of anger in Japanese. In J. R. Taylor &amp; R. E. MacLaury (eds.), Trends in Linguistics: Language and the Cognitive Construal of the World, 137–153. New York: Mouton De Gruyter.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B30"><label>30.</label><mixed-citation>McCarthy, Michael &amp; Felicity O’Dell. 2008. English Idioms in Use. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B31"><label>31.</label><mixed-citation>Musolff, Andreas. 2019. Creativity in Metaphor Interpretation. Russian Journal of Linguistics 23(1). 23–39. https://doi.org/10.22363/2312-9182-2019-23-1-23-39</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B32"><label>32.</label><mixed-citation>Musolff, Andreas. 2021. Hyperbole and emotionalisation – escalation of pragmatic effects of metaphor and proverb in the Brexit debate. Russian Journal of Linguistics 25 (3). 628–644. https://doi.org/10.22363/2687-0088-2021-25-3-628-644</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B33"><label>33.</label><mixed-citation>Myers, David. 1986. Psychology. New York: Worth Publishers, Inc.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B34"><label>34.</label><mixed-citation>Nguyễn, Như Ý. 2002. Thành Ngữ Tiếng Việt Phổ Thông. Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Đại học Quốc gia Hà Nội.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B35"><label>35.</label><mixed-citation>Nguyễn, Như Ý et al. 1998. Từ Diển Giải Thích Thành Ngữ Tiếng Việt. Nhà xuất bản Giáo dục.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B36"><label>36.</label><mixed-citation>Phạm, Ngọc Hàm. 2018. Dog” in Chinese and Vietnamese languages and cultures. Journal of Foreign studies 34(1). 59–69.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B37"><label>37.</label><mixed-citation>Ross, Catherine &amp; Kirti Nilsen. 2013. Communicating Professionally: A How-to-do-it manual. Chicago: Neal-Schuman.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B38"><label>38.</label><mixed-citation>Soriano, Cristina. 2003. Some anger metaphors in Spanish and English. A contrastive review. International Journal of English Studies 3(2). 107–122.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B39"><label>39.</label><mixed-citation>Spears, Richard. 2007. McGraw-Hill’s American Idioms Dictionary. NY: McGraw-Hill.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B40"><label>40.</label><mixed-citation>Steen, Gerald J. 1999. From linguistic to conceptual metaphors in five steps. In Gibbs &amp; Steen (eds.), Metaphors in Cognitive Linguistics, 55–77. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B41"><label>41.</label><mixed-citation>Summers, Della. 1998. Longman Dictionary of English Language and Culture. England: Longman.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B42"><label>42.</label><mixed-citation>Tran, Ba Tien. 2010. Teaching Vietnamese idioms to foreign students from the cognitive linguistics perspective. Vinh University Journal of Science, 2B. 55–60.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B43"><label>43.</label><mixed-citation>Trần, Ngọc Thêm. 2008. An Introduction to Vietnamese Culture. Education Publishing House.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B44"><label>44.</label><mixed-citation>Verderber, Rudolph F. 1989. Inter-act: Using Interpersonal Communication Skills. USA: Wadsworth Publishing Company.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B45"><label>45.</label><mixed-citation>Yu, Ning. 1995. Metaphorical expressions of anger and happiness in English and Chinese. Metaphor and Symbolic Activity 10(2). 59–92.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B46"><label>46.</label><mixed-citation>Yu, Ning. 1998. The Contemporary Theory of Metaphor: A Perspective from Chinese. USA: John Benjamins Publishing Company.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
