<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Linguistics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Linguistics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Linguistics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2687-0088</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2686-8024</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">24401</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2687-0088-2020-24-3-589-611</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Exploring the functionality of English in China: A tale of two cities</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Исследование функциональности английского языка в Китае: история двух городов</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Xu</surname><given-names>Zhichang</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сюй</surname><given-names>Чжичан</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, is a senior lecturer in the School of Languages, Literatures, Cultures and Linguistics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>PhD, преподает в Школе языков, литератур, культур и лингвистики</p></bio><email>zhichang.xu@monash.edu</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhang</surname><given-names>Danya</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чжан</surname><given-names>Данья</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>lecturer in the School of Foreign Languages and Literature</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>преподает на факультете иностранных языков и литературы</p></bio><email>danya.zhang1@monash.edu</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">School of Languages, Literatures, Cultures and Linguistics, Monash University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Университет имени Монаша</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">School of Foreign Languages and Literature, Yunnan Normal University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Юньнаньский педагогический университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">World Englishes in the Expanding Circle</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Варианты английского языка Расширяющегося круга</issue-title><fpage>589</fpage><lpage>611</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-08-19"><day>19</day><month>08</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, Xu Z., Zhang D.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, Сюй Ч., Чжан Д.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2020, Xu Z., Zhang D.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Xu Z., Zhang D.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сюй Ч., Чжан Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Xu Z., Zhang D.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/linguistics/article/view/24401">https://journals.rudn.ru/linguistics/article/view/24401</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The world of English has been witnessing shifts and turns over the last half century, and a major one is a paradigm shift from a monolithic English to pluricentric Englishes. The term “Englishes” symbolizes the “functional and formal variation in the language, and its international acculturation” (Kachru B. &amp; Smith 1985: 210), and it is primarily concerned with the “intelligibility of form, comprehensibility of meaning, and interpretability of sense” (Proshina 2014: 4). As far as China is concerned, there are estimated 350-500 million learners and users of English, and the functions of English have expanded since the “reform and open door” policies of the 1970s (Kirkpatrick &amp; Xu 2002). In this paper, we explore the expanding functionality of English in China, taking the major shifts and turns surrounding world Englishes as a backdrop, that is, the shift from codifying linguistic features of English varieties to focusing on users’ translanguaging practices in multilingual contexts, as well as the functional turn, the multilingual turn, and the dynamic interactive turn (Sridhar &amp; Sridhar 2018). In particular, we adopt a qualitative approach to researching Chinese English as a translanguaging practice among Chinese English bilingual professionals in order to unpack the expanding functions of English in two major Chinese cities, Beijing and Kunming. Drawing upon semi-structured interviews of Chinese-English bilingual professionals from the two cities, we present a “tale of two cities” in relation to the expanding functionality of English in China.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>За последние полвека мир английского языка претерпевает сдвиги и повороты, и одним из главных сдвигов стало изменение парадигмы от монолитического английского языка к плюрицентрической концепции вариантов английского языка. Термин «варианты английского языка» (“Englishes”) означает «функциональную и формальную вариативность в языке и его международную аккультурацию» (Kachru B. &amp; Smith 1985: 210) и связан прежде всего с «понятностью формы, пониманием значения и интерпретацией смысла» (Proshina 2014: 4). Что касается Китая, в нем насчитывается 350-500 миллионов пользователей и изучающих английский язык, и функции английского языка расширились со времени начала осуществления политики «реформы и открытых дверей» в 1970-х годах (Kirkpatrick &amp; Xu 2002). Цель данной статьи - исследование расширения функциональных возможностей английского языка в Китае с учетом основных изменений, проявляемых в вариантах английского языка в мире, например, переход от кодификации языковых черт вариантов английского языка к фокусированию внимания на пользователях и их транслингвальных практиках в мультилингвальных контекстах, а также функциональный поворот, многоязычный поворот и динамичный интерактивный поворот (Sridhar &amp; Sridhar 2018). В частности, мы используем квалитативный подход к исследованию китайского варианта английского языка как средства транслингвальной практики билингвальных профессионалов, говорящих на китайском английском. Наша задача - показать расширение функций английского языка в двух крупных городах Китая - Пекине и Куньмине. Опираясь на полуструктурированные интервью, взятые у китайских специалистов, говорящих на английском языке, мы представляем «историю двух городов» в связи с расширением функциональности английского языка в Китае.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Chinese English</kwd><kwd>functionality of English</kwd><kwd>paradigm shift</kwd><kwd>functional turn</kwd><kwd>world Englishes</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>китайский вариант английского языка</kwd><kwd>функциональность английского языка</kwd><kwd>смена парадигмы</kwd><kwd>функциональный поворот</kwd><kwd>варианты английского языка в мире</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Bachmann-Medick, Doris. 2009. Introduction: The translational turn. Translation Studies 2 (1). 2-16.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Baker, Colin. 2011. Foundations of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism. 5th edn. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Bernstein, Basil. 1966. Elaborated and restricted codes: An outline. Sociological Inquiry 36 (2). 254-261.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Canagarajah, Suresh. A. 2017. The nexus of migration and language: The emergence of a disciplinary space. In Suresh A. Canagarajah (ed.), The Routledge Handbook of Migration and Language, 1-28. London &amp; New York: Routledge</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Clyne, Michael. 2003. Towards a more language-centred approach to plurilingualism. In Jean-Marc Dewaele, Alex Housen &amp; Wei Li (eds.), Bilingualism: Beyond Basic Principles, 43-55. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Dai, Fan &amp; Zheng, Wei. 2019. Self-translation and English-language creative writing in China. World Englishes 38 (4). 659-670.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Fang, Fan (Gabriel). 2018. Review of English as a medium of instruction in Chinese universities today: Current trends and future directions. English Today 34 (1). 32-37.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Halliday, Michael A. K. 1973. Explorations in the Functions of Language. London: Edward Arnold.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Hlavac, Jim &amp; Zhichang Xu. 2020. Chinese-English Interpreting and Intercultural Commmunication. London and New York: Routledge.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Kachru, Braj B. 1983. The Indianization of English: The English Language in India. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Kachru, Braj B. 1985. The bilinguals' creativity. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 6. 20-33</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Kachru, Braj B. 1992. Models for Non-Native Englishes. In Braj B. Kachru (eds.), The Other Tongue: English across Cultures. 2nd edn, 48-74. Urbana &amp; Chicago: University of Illinois Press.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Kachru, Braj B. &amp; Cecil L. Nelson. 1996. World Englishes. In Sandra L. McKay &amp; Nancy H. Hornberger (eds.), Sociolinguistics and language teaching, 71-102. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Kachru, Braj B. &amp; Larry Smith. 1985. Editorial. World Englishes 4 (2). 209-212.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Kachru, Yamuna &amp; Cecil L. Nelson. 2006. World Englishes in Asian Contexts. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Kirkpatrick, Andy. 2017. Future directions for researching Chinese English. In Zhichang Xu, Deyuan He &amp; David Deterding (eds.), Researching Chinese English: The State of the Art, 267-279. Cham, Switzerland: Springer.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Kirkpatrick, Andy, &amp; Zhichang Xu. 2002. Chinese pragmatic norms and 'China English.' World Englishes 21 (2). 269-279.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Kuhn, Thomas S. 1996. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. 3rd edn. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Li, Wei. 2011. Moment analysis and translanguaging space: Discursive construction of identities by multilingual Chinese youth in Britain. Journal of Pragmatics 43 (5), 1222-1235.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Li, Wei. 2018. Translanguaging as a practical theory of language. Applied Linguistics 39 (1). 9-30.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Ma, Qing &amp; Zhichang Xu. 2017. The nativization of English in China. In Zhichang Xu, Deyuan He &amp; David Deterding (eds.), Researching Chinese English: The State of the Art, 189-201. Cham, Switzerland: Springer.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>May, Stephen. 2014. Disciplinary divides, knowledge construction, and the multilingual turn. In Stephen May (ed.), The Multilingual Turn: Implications for SLA, TESOL, and Bilingual Education, 7-31. New York &amp; London: Routledge</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>Pennycook, Alastair. 2010. Rethinking origins and localization in Global Englishes. In Mukul Saxena &amp; Tope Omoniyi (eds.), Contending with Globalization in World Englishes, 196-210. Bristol: Multilingual Matters</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><mixed-citation>Proshina, Zoya G. 2014. Language revolution behind the cultural curtain. World Englishes 33 (1). 1-8.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><mixed-citation>Proshina, Zoya G. 2016. Legitimacy of Russian English. Procedia: Social and Behavioral Sciences 236. 201-206.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><mixed-citation>Proshina, Zoya G. &amp; Irina Ustinova. 2012. English and Asian Flavor in Russian Advertising of the Far East. Asian Englishes 15 (2). 30-59.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B27"><label>27.</label><mixed-citation>Seargeant, Philip. 2010. Naming and defining in world Englishes. World Englishes 29 (1). 97-113.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B28"><label>28.</label><mixed-citation>Seargeant, Philip &amp; Caroline Tagg. 2011. English on the internet and a 'post-varieties' approach to language. World Englishes 30 (4). 496-514</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B29"><label>29.</label><mixed-citation>Sridhar, S. N. &amp; Kamal K. Sridhar. 2018. Coda 2. A bridge half-built: Toward a holistic theory of Second Language Acquisition and world Englishes. World Englishes 37 (1). 127-139.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B30"><label>30.</label><mixed-citation>Sui, Gang. 2015. Bilingual creativity: University-level poetry writing workshops in English in China: How is 'contact literature' created? English Today 31 (3). 40-45.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B31"><label>31.</label><mixed-citation>Xu, Zhichang. 2009. Linguistic, cultural and identity issues in Englishization of Putonghua. In Kwok-kan Tam (ed.), Englishization in Asia: Language and Cultural Issues, 119-139. Hong Kong: Open University of Hong Kong Press</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B32"><label>32.</label><mixed-citation>Xu, Zhichang. 2010. Chinese English: Features and Implications. Hong Kong: Open University of Hong Kong Press</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B33"><label>33.</label><mixed-citation>Xu, Zhichang. 2017. Developing meta-cultural competence in teaching English as an International Language. In Farzad Sharifian (ed.), Advances in Cultural Linguistics, 703-720. Cham: Switzerland: Springer</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B34"><label>34.</label><mixed-citation>Xu, Zhichang. 2020. Exploring Functional Variations of Cultural Semiotics in Ha Jin’s Facing Shadows. In Ram Ashish Giri, Anamika Sharma &amp; James D'Angelo (eds.), Functional Variations in English: Theoretical Considerations and Pactical Challenges, 78-89. Cham, Switzerland: Springer</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
