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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Linguistics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Linguistics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Linguistics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2687-0088</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2686-8024</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">19346</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2312-9182-2018-22-3-539-559</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>STUDIES IN SEMANTICS: For Anna Wierzbicka’s anniversary</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СЕМАНТИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ: к юбилею Анны Вежбицкой</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>语义学研究：为纪念安娜-维尔兹比卡</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">A Semantic Menagerie: The Conceptual Semantics of Ethnozoological Categories</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Семантическая менажерия: концептуальная семантика этнозоологических категорий</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Goddard</surname><given-names>Cliff</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Годдард</surname><given-names>Клифф</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en">Professor of Linguistics at Griffith University. He is a leading proponent of the Natural Semantic Metalanguage approach to semantics and its sister theory, the cultural scripts approach to pragmatics, also known as ethnopragmatics. His recent publications include the edited volume Minimal English for a Global World (2018 Palgrave), Words and Meanings: Lexical Semantics Across Domains, Languages and Cultures (co-authored with Anna Wierzbicka; 2014 OUP), the textbook Semantic Analysis (2nd ed., 2011 OUP) and Ten Lectures on Natural Semantic Metalanguage (2018 Brill).</bio><bio xml:lang="ru">профессор лингвистики в Университете Гриффит (г. Брисбен, Австралия). Он является ведущим разработчиком Естественного Семантического Метаязыка в семантике и теории культурных скриптов в прагматике, также известной как этнопрагматика. Среди его недавних публикаций: сборник статей под его редакцией Minimal English for a Global World (Минимальный английский для глобального мира) (2018, Palgrave), книга в соавторстве с Анной Вежбицкой Words and Meanings: Lexical Semantics Across Domains (Слова и значения: лексическая семантика в разных языках и культурах) (2014, Oxford University Press), второе издание учебника Semantic Analysis (Семантический анализ) (2011, Oxford University Press) и Ten Lectures on Natural Semantic Metalanguage (Десять лекций по Естественному Семантическому Метаязыку) (2018, Brill).</bio><email>c.goddard@griffith.edu.au</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Griffith University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Университет Гриффит</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2018-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">Studies in semantics: for Anna Wierzbicka’s anniversary</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Семантические исследования: к юбилею Анны Вежбицкой</issue-title><fpage>539</fpage><lpage>559</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2018-09-24"><day>24</day><month>09</month><year>2018</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2018, Goddard C.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2018, Годдард К.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2018, Goddard C.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Goddard C.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Годдард К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Goddard C.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/linguistics/article/view/19346">https://journals.rudn.ru/linguistics/article/view/19346</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en">Following the seminal work of Wierzbicka (1985, 2013), this paper proposes and discusses a set of semantic analyses of words from three different levels of the English ethnozoological taxonomic hierarchy (Berlin 1992): creature (unique beginner), bird, fish, snake, and animal (life-form level), dog and kangaroo (generic level). The analytical framework is the Natural Semantic Metalanguage approach (Wierzbicka 1996, 2014, Goddard and Wierzbicka 2014). Though ultimately resting on the foundational elements of the NSM system, i.e. 65 semantic primes and their inherent grammar of combination, the analysis relies on the analytical concepts of semantic molecules and semantic templates (Goddard 2012, 2016). These provide mechanisms for encapsulating semantic complexity and for modelling relations between successive layers of the hierarchy. Other issues considered include the extent to which cultural components feature in the semantics of ethnozoological categories, and the extent to which semantic knowledge may vary across different speech communities.</abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru">Основываясь на фундаментальных работах Анны Вежбицкой (Wierzbicka 1985, 2013), автор статьи предлагает семантический анализ слов, принадлежащих к разным уровням английской этнозоологической иерархии (Berlin 1992): creature (первичная форма жизни), bird , fish , snake, animal (уровень жизненных форм), dog, kangaroo (родовой уровень). В работе используется подход Естественного Семантического Метаязыка (ЕСМ) (Wierzbicka 1996, 2014; Goddard and Wierzbicka 2014). Используя основополагающие принципы ЕСМ, то есть 65 семантических примитивов и присущую им грамматику сочетаемости, анализ основывается на аналитических концептах семантических молекул и семантических моделей (Goddard 2012, 2016). Они предоставляют механизмы для отражения семантической сложности и моделирования отношений между последовательными уровнями иерархии. В работе также рассматриваются вопросы степени присутствия культурных компонентов в семантике этнозоологических категорий и степени различия семантического знания между языковыми сообществами.</trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lexical semantics</kwd><kwd>NSM</kwd><kwd>ethnozoology</kwd><kwd>semantic complexity</kwd><kwd>semantic molecules</kwd><kwd>Anna Wierzbicka</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лексическая семантика</kwd><kwd>Естественный Семантический Метаязык (ЕСМ)</kwd><kwd>этнозоология</kwd><kwd>семантическая сложность</kwd><kwd>семантические молекулы</kwd><kwd>Анна Вежбицкая</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Apresjan, Ju D. (1969). O yazyke dlya opisaniya znachenii slov. 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