<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Linguistics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Linguistics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Linguistics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2687-0088</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2686-8024</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">17851</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2312-9182-2018-22-1-126-143</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">THE EMOTIONAL PROSODY OF U.S. FATAL AIR-ACCIDENT DOCKETS ONLINE: RISKING RISK COMMUNICATION?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ЭМОЦИОНАЛЬНАЯ ПРОСОДИЯ В ОН-ЛАЙН ИНСТРУКЦИЯХ В СИТУАЦИИ АВИАКАТАСТРОФ: КОММУНИКАЦИЯ В ОБСТАНОВКЕ РИСКА</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Guinda</surname><given-names>Carmen Sancho</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гинда</surname><given-names>Кармен Санчо</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en">CARMEN SANCHO GUINDA is Senior Lecturer in the Department of Applied Linguistics at the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, where she teaches English for Academic and Professional Communication at the school of Aerospace Engineering and in-service seminars for engineering teachers willing to undertake English-medium instruction. Her research focus is the interdisciplinary study of academic and professional discourses and genres and innovation in the learning of academic competencies.</bio><bio xml:lang="ru">КАРМЕН САНЧО ГИНДА - доцент кафедры прикладной лингвистики Мадридского политехнического университета. Преподает английский язык в сфере научной и профессиональной коммуникации в школе космической инженерии, проводит семинары для преподавателей технических наук. Сфера научных интересов - междисциплинарное исследование научного и профессионального дискурса, жанров и инноваций в формировании научной компетенции.</bio><email>carmen.sguinda@upm.es</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Universidad Politécnica de Madrid ETSI Aeronáutica y del Espacio</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Мадридский политехнический университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2018-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">The discourse of emotions</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Дискурс эмоций</issue-title><fpage>126</fpage><lpage>143</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2018-02-19"><day>19</day><month>02</month><year>2018</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2018, Guinda C.S.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2018, Гинда К.С.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2018, Guinda C.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Guinda C.S.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гинда К.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Guinda C.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/linguistics/article/view/17851">https://journals.rudn.ru/linguistics/article/view/17851</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en">Risk communication is grounded in both rationality and emotion (Fischhoff &amp; Kadvany 2011, Bo-holm &amp; Corvellec 2014). Recent investigations have proved that emotions do affect risk and danger percep-tions by functioning as ‘mediators’ (Xie et al. 2011) and become important in decision-making. My study explores how emotion is induced by the National Transportation Safety Board of the United States of America (NTSB for short) to influence the mentalities and behaviours of its broad mixed audience and thus increase risk prevention. With that research purpose in mind, I examine an electronic corpus of over 500 online samples of fatal aviation dockets issued yearly online by the NTSB between the time span 2010-2015 and contained in its website databases. The emotional engagement deployed to mediate the perceptions of risk and danger by the general public constitutes a unique genre among all other world transportation agencies, since through informative vividness it pursues to activate the processes of memory, inference (i.e. judgement) and decision-making. I take Stubbs’ (2001) concept of ‘discursive prosody’ as point of departure and resort to a blended theoretical framework that combines Narratology, Corpus Linguistics, Critical Discourse Analysis, and Proximisation (Cap 2013) and Positioning (Harré &amp; van Langenhove 1999) Theories. I will show that the NTSB’s emotional prosody is more rhetorical than lexical and that the narrative strategies of focalisation and speech representation play a salient role. To conclude I will reflect on some of the possible consequences of over-exploiting emotional engagement in risk communication.</abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru">Коммуникация в ситуации риска является и рациональной, и эмоциональной (Fischhoff &amp; Kad-vany 2011, Boholm &amp; Corvellec 2014). Современные исследования доказали, что эмоции действительно влияют на восприятие опасности и риска и выполняют функцию «медиаторов» (Xie et al. 2011) в принятии решений. Данная работа посвящена эмоциям в текстах обращений Национального транспортного комитета по безопасности США (NTSB), которые влияют на настроение и поведение широкой и разноплановой аудитории и таким образом повышают степень безопасности. С этой целью был проанализирован электоронный корпус из 500 инструкций о смертельной опасности на авиационном транспорте (с 2010 по 2015 г.), ежегодно публикуемых на сайте NTSB. Тексты подобных инструкций, содержащих эмоциональный компонент восприятия риска и опасности, представляют собой уникальный жанр, поскольку информативная яркость и насыщенность активизируют процессы памяти, суждений и принятия решений. В качестве отправной точки берется понятие «дискурсивной просодии» (Stubbs 2001), а в качестве теоретической базы используются нарратология, корпусная лингвистика, критический дискурс-анализ, а также теории проксимизации (Cap 2013) и позиционирования (Harré &amp; van Langenhove 1999). В данной статье показано, что эмоциональная просодия в оповещении о рисках является более риторической, чем лексической, и важную роль играют нарративные стратегии акцентирования и речевой репрезентации. В заключении делаются предположения о возможных последствиях злоупотреблений эмоциональной составляющей в коммуникации в ситуации риска.</trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Risk communication</kwd><kwd>emotional prosody</kwd><kwd>proximisation</kwd><kwd>positioning</kwd><kwd>narrative focali-sation</kwd><kwd>aircraft-accident dockets online</kwd><kwd>U.S. National Transportation Safety Board</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>коммуникация в ситуации риска</kwd><kwd>эмоциональная просодия</kwd><kwd>проксимизация</kwd><kwd>позиционирование</kwd><kwd>нарративное акцентирование</kwd><kwd>регистраторы авиакатастроф онлайн</kwd><kwd>Наци-ональный Транспортный комитет США по Безопасности</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Andrews, M., Squire, C. &amp; Tamboukou, M. (eds.) (2008). Doing narrative research. London: Sage.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Anthony, L. (2007). AntConc 3.2.1w. Retrieved from http://www.antlab.sci.waseda.ac.jp/software.html.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Bal, M. (1985). Narratology: Introduction to the theory of narrative. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Bearman, P., Faris, R. &amp; Moody, J. (1999). Blocking the future: New solutions for old problems in historical social science. Social Science History 23 (4), 501-533.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Bednarek, M. (2008a). Emotion talk across corpora. London/New York: Palgrave Macmillan.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Bednarek, M. (2008b). Semantic preference and semantic prosody re-examined. Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory 4 (2), 119-139.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Berkenkotter, C., Bhatia V.K. &amp; Gotti, M. (2012). Introduction. In Berkenkotter, C., V.K. Bhatia &amp; M. Gotti (eds.) Insights into academic genres. Bern: Peter Lang, 9-28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Besley, J.C. &amp; McComas, K.A. (2014). Fairness, public engagement and risk communication. In Árvai, J. &amp; L. Rivers (eds.) Effective risk communication. London: Routledge, 108-123.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Bhatia, V.K. (2014). Worlds of written discourse: A genre-based view. London: Continuum.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Bloor, M. &amp; Bloor, T. (2007). The practice of Critical Discourse Analysis. An introduction. London: Hodder Arnold.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Boholm, Å. &amp; Corvellec, H. (2014). A relational theory of risk: Lessons for risk communication. In Árvai, J. &amp; L. Rivers (eds.) Effective risk communication. London: Routledge, 8-22.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Cap, P. (2013). Proximization: The pragmatics of symbolic distance crossing. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Chouliaraki, L. (2008). Mediation, text and action. In Bhatia, V.K., J. Flowerdew &amp; R.H. Jones (eds.) Advances in discourse studies. London: Routledge, 211-227.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Czarniawska, B. (2004). Narratives in social science research. London: Sage.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Elliot, J. (2005). Using narrative in social research. Qualitative and quantitative approaches. London: Sage.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Fairclough, N. (1993). Critical Discourse Analysis and the marketization of public discourse: The universities. Discourse and Society 4 (2), 133-168.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Fairclough, N. (2006). Language and globalisation. London: Routledge.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Fischhoff, B. &amp; Kadvany, J. (2011). Risk. A very short introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Harré, R. &amp; van Langenhove, L. (1999). Positioning Theory: Moral contexts of intentional action. Oxford: Blackwell.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Hawley, K. (2012). Trust. A very short introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) (2006). Safety management manual (SMM). Doc. 9859 (1st ed.). Montreal: ICAO.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>Kohler Riessman, C. (2008). Narrative methods for the human sciences. London: Sage.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>Labov, W. &amp; Waletzky, J. (1967). Narrative analysis: oral versions of personal experience. In Helm, J. (ed.) Essays on the verbal and the visual arts. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 12-44.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><mixed-citation>Machin, D. &amp; Mayr, A. (2012). How to do Critical Discourse Analysis. A multimodal introduction. London: Sage.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><mixed-citation>Martin, J.R. &amp; White, P.R.R. (2005). The Language of evaluation: Appraisal in English. London/New York: Palgrave/Macmillan.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><mixed-citation>Maynard, A. (2011). Risk = OMG x WTF! 2020 Science. Retrieved from http://2020science.org/ 2011/10/18/risk-omg-x-wtf/.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B27"><label>27.</label><mixed-citation>Neeley, L. (2014). Risk communication in social media. In Árvai, J. &amp; L. Rivers (eds.) Effective risk communication. London: Routledge, 143-164.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B28"><label>28.</label><mixed-citation>NTSB website http://www.ntsb.gov/.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B29"><label>29.</label><mixed-citation>NTSB Accident synopses by month. Retrieved from http://www.ntsb.gov/aviationquery/month.aspx.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B30"><label>30.</label><mixed-citation>Plutchik, R. (1980). Emotion - A psychoevolutionary synthesis. London: Longman.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B31"><label>31.</label><mixed-citation>Sancho Guinda, C. (2015). Digital vividness: Reporting aviation disasters online. In Bondi, M., S. Cacchiani &amp; D. Mazzi (eds.). Discourse in and through the media: Recontextualizing and reconceptualizing expert discourse. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars, 187-212.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B32"><label>32.</label><mixed-citation>Shaver, P.R., Murdaya, U. &amp; Fraley, R.C. (2001). Structure of the Indonesian emotion lexicon. Asian Journal of Social Psychology 4, 201-224.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B33"><label>33.</label><mixed-citation>Sol Hart, P. (2014). Boomerang effects in risk communication. In Árvai, J. &amp; L. Rivers (eds.) Effective risk communication. London: Routledge, 304-318.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B34"><label>34.</label><mixed-citation>Stubbs, M. (2001). Texts, corpora, and problems of interpretation: A response to Widdowson. Applied Linguistics 22, 149-172.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B35"><label>35.</label><mixed-citation>Swales, J.M. (1990). Genre analysis: English in academic and research settings. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B36"><label>36.</label><mixed-citation>Tardy, C.M. (2016). Beyond convention: Genre innovation in academic writing. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B37"><label>37.</label><mixed-citation>Tuler, S.P. &amp; Kasperson, R.E. (2014). Social distrust and its implications for risk communication. In Árvai, J. &amp; L.Rivers (eds.) Effective risk communication. London: Routledge, 91-107.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B38"><label>38.</label><mixed-citation>Watt Smith, T. (2015). The book of human emotions. London: Profile Books.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B39"><label>39.</label><mixed-citation>Wenger, E. (1998). Communities of practice: Learning, meaning and identity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B40"><label>40.</label><mixed-citation>Xiao, R. &amp; McEnery, T. (2006). Collocation, semantic prosody and near synonymy: A crosslinguistic perspective. Applied Linguistics 27 (1), 103-129. doi: 10.1093/applin/ami045.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B41"><label>41.</label><mixed-citation>Xie, X., Wang, M., Zhang, R., Li, J.&amp;Yu, Q. (2011). The role of emotions in risk communication. Risk Analysis, 31 (3), 450-465.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B42"><label>42.</label><mixed-citation>Zhang, Y. &amp; K.L. O’Halloran (2014). From popularization to marketization: The hypermodal nucleus in institutional science news. In Djonov, E. &amp; S. Zhao (eds.) Critical multimodal studies of popular discourse. New York, NY: Routledge, 160-177.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B43"><label>43.</label><mixed-citation>Zwickle, A. &amp; Wilson, R.S. (2014). Construing risk. In Árvai, J. &amp; L. Rivers (eds.) Effective risk communication. London: Routledge, 143-164.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
