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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Law</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Law</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Юридические науки</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-2337</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2408-9001</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">52591</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-2337-2026-30-3-599-616</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">PCSNTE</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INTERNATIONAL LAW. FOREIGN LAW</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕЖДУНАРОДНОЕ ПРАВО. ЗАРУБЕЖНОЕ ПРАВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Legal Aspects of the Implementation of International Treaties in the Chinese Legal System under the 2023 Foreign Relations Law of the People’s Republic of China</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Правовые аспекты реализации международных договоров в правовой системе Китая согласно Закону КНР о внешних сношениях 2023 года</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8484-3796</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8787-4178</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gu</surname><given-names>Wenshuo</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гу</surname><given-names>Вэньшо</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD Student, Department of International Law</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры международного права, юридический институт</p></bio><email>1042225079@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">RUDN University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-09-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>599</fpage><lpage>616</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-10-02"><day>02</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Gu W.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Гу В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gu W.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гу В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/law/article/view/52591">https://journals.rudn.ru/law/article/view/52591</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>International treaties, as an important source of international law, serve as a means of interaction and regulation of international relations of sovereign states across various spheres. At the same time, they exert a significant influence on national legislation, creating interaction between international and domestic legal systems that often involves specific practical complexities and challenges. For this reason, each national legal system must determine the place and legal status of the international treaties it has concluded, as well as other specific features of their implementation. This article provides a legal analysis of a fundamental and comprehensive normative act, the 2023 Law of the People’s Republic of China on Foreign Relations, and examines the formal-legal and other characteristics of the position of international treaties within China’s national legal system under this Law. Special attention is given to the key provisions of the document (including an analysis of the principle of good-faith performance of international legal obligations), their legal significance and their practical implementation by such bodies as the National People’s Congress, its Standing Committee, and the State Council. The article also explores the mechanisms through which domestic legislation interacts with China’s international treaty obligations, assesses the hierarchy of legal sources, and identifies legal gaps and challenges that arise in the course of their application. On the basis of comparative legal analysis, it concludes that China’s national legal instruments require further refinement to ensure the effective fulfilment of its international obligations and proposes possible directions for improving legislative mechanisms.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Международные договоры, как важный источник международного права, являются способом взаимодействия и регулирования международных отношений каждого суверенного государства по различным сферам. При этом международные договоры оказывают влияние на национальное законодательство. Этот процесс приводит к взаимодействию международной и национальной систем права между собой, что часто имеет свои сложности и особенности на практике. Именно поэтому для каждой национальной системы права важно определять место и правовой статус подписанных международных договоров, а также иные особенности их реализации. Данная статья посвящена правовому анализу фундаментального и всеобъемлющего нормативно-правового акта, Закона о внешних сношениях Китайской Народной Республики 2023 г., и выявлению формально-юридических и иных особенностей места международного договора в национальной правовой системе Китая согласно данного Закона. Особое внимание уделяется изучению ключевых положений данного документа (в т.ч. анализируется принцип добросовестного выполнения международно-правовых обязательств), их правовой значимости и практической реализации такими государственными органами, как Всекитайское собрание народных представителей, его Постоянный комитет и Государственный совет. Также в статье исследуются механизмы взаимодействия внутреннего законодательства с международными договорными обязательствами КНР, оценена система иерархии источников, а также выявлены правовые пробелы и вызовы, возникающие при их применении. В заключении на основе сравнительно-правового анализа делается вывод о необходимости доработки национальных правовых инструментов для эффективного выполнения международных обязательств Китая, в том числе предлагаются возможные пути совершенствования законодательных механизмов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>international law</kwd><kwd>national legislation of the PRC</kwd><kwd>Constitution</kwd><kwd>source of international law</kwd><kwd>principle of international law</kwd><kwd>principle of good-faith performance of obligations</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>международное право</kwd><kwd>национальное законодательство КНР</kwd><kwd>Конституция</kwd><kwd>источник международного права</kwd><kwd>принцип международного права</kwd><kwd>принцип добросовестного выполнения обязательств</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta><fn-group/></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abashidze, A.H. &amp; Ilyashevich, M.V. 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