<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Law</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Law</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Юридические науки</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-2337</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2408-9001</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">32976</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-2337-2022-26-4-921-937</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CRIMINAL LAW AND CRIMINOLOGY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>УГОЛОВНОЕ ПРАВО И КРИМИНОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Criminal law principles in the legends of ancient Rome</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Уголовно-правовые принципы в легендах древнего Рима</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9415-7257</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2664-0862</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikulina</surname><given-names>Viktoriya A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никулина</surname><given-names>Виктория Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Legal Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Constitutional and Administrative Law</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат юридических наук, доцент кафедры конституционного и административного права</p></bio><email>vnikulina@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Research University «Higher School of Economics»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики» (НИУ ВШЭ)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-12-23" publication-format="electronic"><day>23</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">MONUMENTS OF SOVIET LAW</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ПАМЯТНИКИ СОВЕТСКОГО ПРАВА</issue-title><fpage>921</fpage><lpage>937</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-12-22"><day>22</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Nikulina V.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Никулина В.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nikulina V.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Никулина В.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/law/article/view/32976">https://journals.rudn.ru/law/article/view/32976</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p style="text-align: justify;">The description of the history of early Rome (VIII-IV centuries BC) in the works of ancient authors is usually perceived as a mythological legend, which shifts the focus of scientific discussion to assessing the degree of reliability of the events being told. As a result, the normative-value and legal significance of ancient legends sufficient attention of researchers. The oral and therefore naturally plastic nature of archaic law creates additional difficulties for its modern study, in contrast to numerous and well-studied legislative texts. The author proposes to refer to modern types of legal understanding and turn down strict positivism with the aim of expanding the boundaries of legal analysis, rethinking the legend (on the example of Lucius Junius Brutus), recognizing it as a source of Roman law, and reconstructing its criminal law content. For this purpose, using socio-psychological, historical-legal, formal-logical and other scientific methods, the author singles out that part of the story that was not lost, but was steadily reproduced from generation to generation. The surviving core of the legend remained in history because it carried socially significant information modeling of behavior (behavioral stereotypes) of the ancient Romans. The article shows that children`s execution by the first republican magistrate not only legitimized the right of paternal power (patria potestas), but also proclaimed the priority protection of the public interest (civitas) that became the cornerstone of the Roman legal order. The legend set a special imperative for citizens, shaped their worldview and sense of justice. From the criminal law standpoint, this precedent fixed the standard of both prohibited behavior and retribution for it, i.e., a measure of justice, broadcast the requirements of the inevitability and personal nature of responsibility, laid foundation for the requirement of legal equality of all citizens before the law. Ultimately, the legend set the vector for the development of Roman criminal law, which led to the formation of its principles, many of which are accepted and developed in modern legal systems.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">Описание в работах античных авторов истории раннего Рима (VIII-IV вв. до н. э.) обычно воспринимается как мифологическое сказание, что переносит акцент научной дискуссии на оценку степени достоверности рассказываемых событий. Вследствие этого без достаточного внимания исследователей осталось нормативно-ценностное и правовое значение древних преданий. Устный и потому естественно пластичный характер архаичного права создает дополнительные сложности для его современного изучения, по сравнению с многочисленными и хорошо изученными законодательными текстами. Автор предлагает, используя современные типы правопонимания и отказавшись от строгого позитивизма, расширить границы правового анализа, переосмыслить легенду (на примере Луция Юния Брута), признать ее источником римского права, а также реконструировать ее уголовно-правовое содержание. Для этого с использованием социально-психологического, историко-правового, формально-логического и иных научных методов выделяется та часть рассказа, которая не терялась, но устойчиво воспроизводилась при передаче из поколения в поколение. Сохраняющееся ядро легенды несло социально-значимую информацию, моделирующую (нормирующую) определенное поведение (поведенческие стереотипы) древних римлян. Показывает, что факт казни первым республиканским магистратом своих детей не только легитимировал право отцовской власти ( patria potestas ), но и провозглашал приоритетную защиту общественного интереса ( civitas ), что стало краеугольным камнем римского правопорядка. Легенда задавала особый императив для граждан, формировала их мировоззрение и правосознание. С уголовно-правовой точки зрения в этом прецеденте закреплялся стандарт как запрещенного поведения, так и воздаяния за него, то есть мера справедливости, транслировались требования неотвратимости и личного характера ответственности, закладывалась основа требования правового равенства всех граждан перед запретом. В конечном счете легенда задала вектор развития римского уголовного права, который и привел к формированию его принципов, многие из которых восприняты и развиваются в современных правовых системах.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ancient Rome</kwd><kwd>Roman law</kwd><kwd>criminal law</kwd><kwd>principles of responsibility</kwd><kwd>legal custom</kwd><kwd>precedent</kwd><kwd>legal consciousness</kwd><kwd>object of criminal law protection</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>древний Рим</kwd><kwd>римское право</kwd><kwd>уголовное право</kwd><kwd>принципы ответственности</kwd><kwd>правовой обычай</kwd><kwd>прецедент</kwd><kwd>правосознание</kwd><kwd>объект уголовно-правовой охраны</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Alexander, M. C. (2005) The Case for the Prosecution in the Ciceronian Era. Ann Arbor, University of Michigan Press.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Anners, E. (1994) History of European Law. Transl. from the Swedish. Moscow, Institute of Europe. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аннерс Э. История европейского права / пер. с швед. М.: Ин-т Европы, 1994. 397 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Berger, A. (1953) Encyclopedic Dictionary of Roman Law. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society. T. 43. Part 2. Philadelphia, American Philosophical Society.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Briquel, D. (2007) Mythe et Révolution. La fabrication d’un récit: la naissance de la république à Rome. Bruxelles, Éditions Latomus. (in French).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chestnov, I.L. (2012) Postclassical Theory of Law. Monograph. Saint Petersburg, Alef-press Publ. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Честнов И.Л. Постклассическая теория права: монография. СПб.: Алеф-пресс, 2012. 650 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cicero, Marcus Tullius (1962) Speeches. In 2 Vols. T. II. Moscow, USSR Academy of Sciences. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Цицерон Марк Туллий. Речи: в 2 т. Т. II. М.: Академия наук СССР, 1962. 406 c.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Cicero, Marcus Tullius (1964) Speeches: The speeches with an English translation. Harvard Univ. Press.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Cornell, T. J. (1995) The Beginnings of Rome: Italy and Rome from the Bronze Age to the Punic Wars (c. 1000-264 BC). London, Routledge.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dementieva, V.V. (2009) Roman Identity: Formation of the Traditions of the Civil Collective. In: Ancient World and Archaeology. (13), 202-213. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дементьева В.В. Римская идентичность: формирование традиций гражданского коллектива // Античный мир и археология. 2009. № 13. С. 203-213.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dozhdev, D.V. (2020) Roman private law: textbook. Nersesyants V.S. (ed.). 3rd ed., rev. and additional. Moscow, Norma Publ: INFRA-M Publ. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дождев Д.В. Римское частное право: учебник / под ред. В.С. Нерсесянца. 3-е изд., испр. и доп. М.: Норма: ИНФРА-М, 2020. 784 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dworkin, R. (2004) Taking Rights Seriously. Moscow, Russian Political Encyclopedia (ROSSPEN) Publ. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дворкин Р.Д. О правах всерьез. М.: Российская политическая энциклопедия (РОССПЭН), 2004. 392 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Enman, A. (1896) The legend of the Roman kings, its origin and development. Saint Petersburg, Printing house of Balashev and Co. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Энман А. Легенда о римских царях, ее происхождение и развитие. СПб.: Типография Балашева и Ко, 1896. 380 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Franchosi, J. (2004) Institutional course of Roman law. Transl. from Italian; Rep. ed. Kofanov L.L. Moscow, Statut Publ. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Франчози Дж. Институциональный курс римского права / пер. с итал.; отв. ред. Л.Л. Кофанов. М.: Статут, 2004. 428 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Forsythe, G. (2005) A Critical History of Early Rome: From Prehistory to the First Punic War. California, University of California Press.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Harries, J. (2007) Law and crime in the Roman world (Key themes in ancient history). Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Harries, J. (2013) Roman Law from City State to World Empire. In: Duindam J.F.J., Harries Jill, Humfress Caroline &amp; Hurvitz Nimrod (eds.). Law and Empire: Ideas, Practices, Actors. Boston, Brill.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hutton, P. H. (2003) History as the art of memory. Transl. from English by. Bystrov V.Yu. Saint Petersburg, Vladimir Dal; University Fund. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хаттон П.Х. История как искусство памяти / пер. с англ. В.Ю. Быстрова. СПб.: Владимир Даль: Фонд Ун-т, 2003. 422 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ihering, R. (1875) Spirit of Roman law at various stages of its development. Part 1. Saint Petersburg, Printing by V. Bezovrazov and Co. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Иеринг Р. Дух римского права на различных ступенях его развития. Ч. 1. СПб.: Типография В. Безовразова и Ко, 1875. 309 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Isaev, I. A. (2021) Metaphors of the Law: from “light” to “flame”. In: Lex Russica (Russian law). 6 (175), 23-35. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Исаев И.А. Метафоры Закона: от «света» к «пламени» // Lex Russica (Русский закон). 2021. № 6 (175). С. 23-35.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kashanina, T.V. (1999) Origin of State and Law. Modern interpretations and new approaches: Textbook. Moscow, Lawyer Publ. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кашанина Т.В. Происхождение государства и права. Современные трактовки и новые подходы: учебное пособие. М.: Юрист, 1999. 335 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kelsen, H. (2015) Pure Theory of Law. 2nd edition. Transl. from German by Antonov M. &amp; Loesov S. Saint Petersburg, Alef Press Publ. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кельзен Г. Чистое учение о праве / пер. с нем. Антонова М.В., Лезова С.В. СПб.: Алеф-Пресс, 2015. 542 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kovler, A.N. (2002) Anthropology of Law: Textbook for High Schools. Moscow, Norma Publ. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ковлер А.Н. Антропология права: учебник для вузов. М.: Норма, 2002. 430 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kofanov, L. L. (2006) Lex and ius: the emergence and development of Roman law in the VIII-III centuries BC. Moscow, Statut Publ. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кофанов Л.Л. Lex и ius: возникновение и развитие римского права в VIII-III вв. до н.э. М.: Статут, 2006. 575 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kofanov, L.L. (2020) The system of Roman public law in the era of the Republic and the Principate. Moscow, Idrik Publ. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кофанов Л.Л. Система римского публичного права эпохи Республики и Принципата. М.: Индрик, 2020. 600 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kudryavtsev, P. N. (1887) Ancient Roman history according to the study of Schwegler. Part I. Moscow, Printed by A.A. Kartsev. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кудрявцев П.Н. Древнейшая римская история по исследованию Швеглера. Т. I. М.: Типография А.А. Карцева, 1887. 322 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mayak, I. L. (1983) Rome of the first kings. The Genesis of the Roman Polis. Moscow, Publishing House of Moscow University. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Маяк И.Л. Рим первых царей. Генезис римского полиса. М.: Изд-во Моск. ун-та, 1983. 272 c.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B27"><label>27.</label><mixed-citation>McKnight, E. (2017) Offences Against the Res Publica: The Role of Public Interest Arguments in Cicero’s Forensic Speeches. Hague Journal on the Rule of Law. (9), 237-263.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B28"><label>28.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mommsen, T. (1997) History of Rome. Vol. I. Rostov-on-Don, Phoenix Publ. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Моммзен Т. История Рима: в 4 т. Т. I. Ростов н/Д.: Феникс, 1997. 640 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B29"><label>29.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Netushil, I.V. (2019) The legend of the twins Romulus and Remus. Moscow, URSS. Series Academy of Basic Research: History. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Нетушил И.В. Легенда о близнецах Ромуле и Реме. М.: URSS. Серия Академия фундаментальных исследований: История, 2019. 126 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B30"><label>30.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Polyakov, A.V. &amp; Timoshina, E.V. (2005) General Theory of Law: Textbook. Saint Petersburg, Publishing House of the Faculty of Law Saint Petersburg State University. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Поляков А.В., Тимошина Е.В. Общая теория права: учебник. СПб.: Изд-во юридического факультета С.-Петерб. гос. ун-та, 2005. 472 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B31"><label>31.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rulan, N. (1999) Legal Anthropology. Textbook for universities. Transl. from French. Rep. ed. V.S. Nersesyants. Moscow, Norma Publ. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рулан Н. Юридическая антропология: учебник для вузов / пер. с франц. отв. ред. В.С. Нерсесянц. М.: Норма, 1999. 310 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B32"><label>32.</label><mixed-citation>Sandberg, K. (2018) Monumenta, Documenta, Memoria: Remembering and Imagining the Past in Late Republican Rome. In: Kaj Sandberg &amp; Christopher Smith, (eds.). Omnium Annalium Monumenta: Historical Writing and Historical Evidence in Republican Rome. Leiden and Boston, Brill, pp. 351-389.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B33"><label>33.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sanfilippo, C. (2007) Course of Roman private law: textbook. Transl. from Italian. Makhankova I.I.; Dozhdev D.V. (ed.). Moscow, Norma Publ. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Санфилиппо Ч. Курс римского частного права: учебник / пер. с итал. И.И. Маханькова; под общ. ред. Д.В. Дождева. М.: Норма, 2007. 464 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B34"><label>34.</label><mixed-citation>Schwegler, A. (1853) Römische Geschichte. Tübingen, H. Laupp'schen Buchhandlung. (in German).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B35"><label>35.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Spiridonov, L.I. (1995) Theory of State and Law. Lecture course. Saint Petersburg, AOOT «TPNII-5» Publ. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Спиридонов Л.И. Теория государства и права: курс лекций. Спб.: АООТ «ТПНИИ-5», 1995. 301 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B36"><label>36.</label><mixed-citation>Strachan-Davidson, J. L. (1912) Problems of the Roman Criminal Law. T. 1. Oxford, Clarendon Press.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B37"><label>37.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tsirkin, Yu.B. (2020) History of Rome. Imperial Rome in Tyrrhenian Italy. Saint Petersburg: Publishing house of the Russian State Pedagogical University named after A.I. Herzen. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Циркин Ю.Б. История Рима. Царский Рим в Тирренской Италии. СПб.: Изд-во РГПУ им. А. И. Герцена, 2020. 516 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B38"><label>38.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vico, J. (1994) Foundations of the New Science. Transl. from Italian. Moscow, REFL-book - ISA. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вико Дж. Основания Новой науки / пер. с итал. М.: REFL-book - ИСА, 1994. 656 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B39"><label>39.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Walbank, F.W., Astin, A.E., Frederiksen, M.W. &amp; Ogilvie R.M. (eds.). (2015) The Cambridge Ancient History. Vol. VII, Part 2: The Rise of Rome to 220 B.C. Transl. from English. Moscow, Ladomir Publ. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кембриджская история древнего мира. Т. ѴП, кн. 2. Возвышение Рима: от основания до 220 года до н. э. / под ред. Ф.-У. Уолбэнка, А.-Э. Астина, М.-У. Фредериксена, Р.-М. Огилви, Э. Драммонда; пер. с англ. М.: Ладомир, 2015. 968 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B40"><label>40.</label><mixed-citation>Walt, S. (2011) Der Historiker C. Licinius Macer: Einleitung, Fragmente, Kommentar. Berlin, B.G. Teubner. (in German).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B41"><label>41.</label><mixed-citation>Wiseman, T.P. (2014) Popular Memory. In: K. Galinsky (ed.). Memoria Romana: Memory in Rome and Rome in Memory. Ann Arbor, University of Michigan Press, pp. 43-62.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B42"><label>42.</label><mixed-citation>Wiseman, T.P. (1998) Roman Drama and Roman History. Exeter, Devon, UK, University of Exeter Press.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B43"><label>43.</label><mixed-citation>Wiseman, T.P. (2008) Unwritten Rome. Exeter, England, University of Exeter Press.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
