RUDN Journal of LawRUDN Journal of LawВестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Юридические науки2313-23372408-9001Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)3057610.22363/2313-2337-2022-26-1-192-209PROCEDURAL LAW. PROSECUTOR SUPERVISIONПРОЦЕССУАЛЬНОЕ ПРАВО. ПРОКУРОРСКИЙ НАДЗОРResearch ArticleSpecifics of resolving disputes in the field of climate protection by state courts and arbitrationОсобенности разрешения споров в сфере защиты климата государственными судами и арбитражемhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5722-3641ErmakovaElena P.ЕрмаковаЕлена Петровна

Candidate of Legal Sciences, Associate Professor of of the Department of Civil Law and Civil Procedure and Private International Law, Law Institute

кандидат юридических наук, доцент кафедры гражданского права и процесса и международного частного права, Юридический институт

ermakova_ep@rudn.ruPeoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)Российский университет дружбы народов24032022261VOL 26, NO1 (2022)ТОМ 26, №1 (2022)19220923032022Copyright ©; 2022, Ermakova E.P.Copyright ©; 2022, Ермакова Е.П.2022Ermakova E.P.Ермакова Е.П.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://journals.rudn.ru/law/article/view/30576

The article is devoted to the study of climate claims, including new types of such claims, recorded in a number of countries in 2020-2021. They involve claims for the protection of human rights and claims against private companies. In addition, the author analyzes the most common grounds for argumentation of the plaintiffs’ positions in climate claims based on international, constitutional, administrative, and tort law. The most common legal doctrines that were used by courts as the ground for decisions on climate claims have been studied. The purpose of the study is to form an idea of a new type of claims (claims in the field of climate protection or climate claims) based on the analysis of regulations, judicial practice of foreign countries and scientific sources. The methodology includes empirical methods of comparison, description, and interpretation, theoretical methods of formal and dialectical logic, special methods such as legal-dogmatic and legal norms interpretation. The study showed that judicial and arbitration proceedings on climate issues have become an effective tool used by citizens and non-governmental organizations to ensure compliance with or strengthening of the climate commitments made by governments in accordance with the 2015 Paris Agreement.

Исследование посвящено климатическим искам, в том числе новым видам таких исков, зафиксированных в ряде стран в 2020-2021 гг.: 1) исков о защите прав человека, 2) исков против частных компаний. Кроме того, автор анализирует наиболее распространенные основания аргументации позиций истцов по климатическим искам, основанных на международном, конституционном, административном и деликтном праве. Изучены наиболее распространенные правовые доктрины, которые были положены судами в основание решений по климатическим искам. Цель: сформировать представление о новой разновидности исков - исках в сфере защиты климата, или климатических исков, - на основе анализа нормативных актов, судебной практики зарубежных стран и научных источников. Методы: эмпирические методы сравнения, описания, интерпретации; теоретические методы формальной и диалектической логики. Применялись частнонаучные методы: юридико-догматический и метод толкования правовых норм. Результаты: Проведенное исследование показало, что судебные и арбитражные разбирательства по вопросам климата стали действенным инструментом, используемым гражданами и неправительственными организациями для обеспечения соблюдения или усиления обязательств по климату, взятых правительствами в соответствии с Парижским соглашением 2015 г.

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