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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Law</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Law</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Юридические науки</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-2337</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2408-9001</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">18330</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-2337-2018-22-1-1-20</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PUBLIC LAW: DOCTRINE AND PRACTIC</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПУБЛИЧНОЕ ПРАВО: ДОКТРИНА И ПРАКТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Legality and Legitimacy of Public Political Power: Theoretical Aspects (on the Basis of Syria)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Легальность и легитимность публичной политической власти: теоретические аспекты (на примере сирийского вопроса)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Klishas</surname><given-names>Andrey A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Клишас</surname><given-names>Андрей Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Legal Sciences, Professor, Scientific Supervisor of the Law Institute, RUDN University; Head, Department of Theory of Law and State; Chairman of the Council of the Federation of the Federal Assembly of Russian Federation, Committee on Constitutional Legislation, Legal and Judicial Affairs and Civil Society Development.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор юридических наук, профессор, Научный руководитель Юридического института Российского университета дружбы народов; заведующий кафедрой теории права и государства; Председатель Комитета Совета Федерации Федерального Собрания РФ по конституционному законодательству и государственному строительству</p></bio><email>klishas_aa@pfur.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">RUDN University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2018-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 22, NO1 (2018)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 22, №1 (2018)</issue-title><fpage>1</fpage><lpage>20</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2018-04-14"><day>14</day><month>04</month><year>2018</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2018, Klishas A.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2018, Клишас А.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Klishas A.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Клишас А.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/law/article/view/18330">https://journals.rudn.ru/law/article/view/18330</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The Article is devoted to theoretical concepts of legality and legitimacy of public political power; it includes analysis of these concepts (including historical aspects of the constitutional evolution) on issues of legality and legitimacy of public political power of the government of the Syrian Arab Republic. The Article includes casual demonstration of vitals of legality and legitimacy of public political power of exercise public political power on Syria territory. The purpose of this analysis is systematic description of doctrinal approaches to such legal phenomena, as legality and legitimacy of public political power, their correlation, as well as content analysis of such legal phenomena on the example of social condition, existing on the territory of particular state at the certain historical period of its evolution. As a result of scrutiny of different approaches to the concepts of legality and legitimacy of public political power, the author comes to the conclusion about the necessity take into consideration particular political and legal contexts during making assertion about legality and legitimacy of public political power exercising at the certain period of its evolution. Specifically, if legal nature of legality of public political power doesn’t afford to use any other criteria excepting compliance such authority with positive regulation within particular legal system, then legitimacy of public political power provides latitude in the choice the criteria of the order of legitimacy. Herewith the author formulates particular criteria the presence of which provides an opportunity to determine the character of public political power as legitimacy, such as recognition of legitimacy object by public or authoritative body, compliance the public order considered as legitimacy with positive regulation and with more developed public order. The Article contains foundation of criteria of legality and legitimacy of public political power exercising on the territory of the Syrian Arab Republic by consideration of the most obvious constitutional peculiarities of the Syrian Arab Republic including the consideration in aspect of the history of constitutional evolution of the state.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье освещаются теоретические представления о легальности и легитимности публичной политической власти, проводится анализ таких представлений, посредством исследования вопроса легальности и легитимности публичной политической власти, реализуемой на территории Сирийской Арабской Республики, в том числе в рамках исторической стороны конституционного развития государства, казуально демонстрируются наиболее существенные черты рассматриваемых правовых категорий. Цель настоящей статьи является системное изложение доктринальных подходов к таким правовым явлениям, как легальность и легитимность публичной политической власти, их соотношению, а также анализ содержания таких правовых явлений на примере общественного состояния, сложившегося на территории конкретного государства в определенный исторический период его развития. В результате рассмотрения различных подходов к понятиям легальности и легитимности публичной политической власти автор приходит к выводу о необходимости учета конкретного политического и правового контекста при выдвижении суждений о легальности и легитимности публичной политической власти, реализуемой в государстве на определенном этапе его развития. При этом, если в случае с характеристикой легальности публичной политической власти возможности для принятия иных критериев, кроме соответствия такой власти позитивному порядку в рамках конкретно-определенной правовой системы, не усматривается, то при рассмотрении легитимности публичной политической власти существует дискреция в выборе критериев (порядка легитимации), соответствие которым позволяет утверждать легитимный характер публичной политической власти - такими критериями, по мнению автора, могут являться признание легитимируемого объекта населением или компетентными органами; соответствие легитимируемого порядка позитивному закону; соответствие легитимируемого порядка порядку более высокого уровня. В настоящей работе посредством рассмотрения наиболее явных конституционных особенностей Сирийской Арабской Республики, в том числе в контексте истории конституционного развития государства, также приводится обоснование легального и легитимного характера публичной политической власти, осуществляемой на территории Сирийской Арабской Республики.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>state</kwd><kwd>public political power</kwd><kwd>legality</kwd><kwd>legitimacy</kwd><kwd>constitutional law</kwd><kwd>Syrian Arab Republic</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>государство</kwd><kwd>публичная политическая власть</kwd><kwd>легальность</kwd><kwd>легитимность</kwd><kwd>конституционное право</kwd><kwd>Сирийская Арабская Республика</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alekseev, S. S. (1998) Filosofiya prava [The Philosophy of Law]. 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